Indexação biológica múltipla e RT-PCR para detecção de vírus latentes em macieiras.

,QGH[DomRELROyJLFDP~OWLSODH573&5SDUDGHWHFomRGHYtUXV

ODWHQWHVHPPDFLHLUDV

Fabio N. Silva

_{, Osmar Nickel}

_{, Thor V.M. Fajardo}

_{& Amauri Bogo}

_{'HSDUWDPHQWRGH)LWRWHFQLD8QLYHUVLGDGHGR(VWDGRGH6DQWD&DWDULQD/DJHV6&%UDVLO(PEUDSD8YDH9LQKR} %HQWR*RQoDOYHV56%UDVLO

$XWRUSDUDFRUUHVSRQGrQFLD2VPDU1LFNHOHPDLOQLFNHO#FQSXYHPEUDSDEU

SHORT COMMUNICATION / COMUNICAÇÃO

3DUWHGD'LVVHUWDomRGH0HVWUDGRGRSULPHLURDXWRU8QLYHUVLGDGHGR (VWDGRGH6DQWD&DWDULQD/DJHV6&

$ RFRUUrQFLD JHQHUDOL]DGD GH YLURVHV ODWHQWHV GH PDFLHLUDV 0DOXV GRPHVWLFD %RUNK FDXVDGDV SRU$SSOH VWHP JURRYLQJ YLUXV$6*9 JrQHUR&DSLOORYLUXV$SSOH FKORURWLF OHDI VSRW YLUXV $&/69 JrQHUR7ULFKRYLUXV H $SSOHVWHPSLWWLQJYLUXV$639JrQHUR)RYHDYLUXVWRGRV SHUWHQFHQWHVjIDPtOLD)OH[LYLULGDHQD5HJLmR6XOGR%UDVLO IRLUHODWDGDDQWHULRUPHQWH1LFNHOHWDO$LQIHFomR p PXLWR FRPXPHQWH ODWHQWH HPERUD YiULDV GRHQoDV GH UHOHYkQFLDHFRQ{PLFDHVWHMDPDVVRFLDGDVDHVWHVYtUXVHP HVSpFLHV IUXWtIHUDV URViFHDV FRPR PDomV SrUDV FHUHMDV H GDPDVFRVHQWUHRXWUDV(PFRPELQDo}HVGHFRSDVHSRUWD HQ[HUWRV VHQVtYHLV DV LQIHFo}HV SURYRFDP IRUWH UHGXomR

GDSURGXomRVHJXLGDGHGHFOtQLRHPRUWHHPSRXFRVDQRV .LQQDUGHW DO 2 GLDJQyVWLFR GH YtUXV GH SODQWDV OHQKRVDV UHTXHU HVWUDWpJLDV H PpWRGRV HVSHFt¿FRV GHYLGR D IDWRUHV FRPR D GLVWULEXLomR GHVXQLIRUPH R WtWXOR YLUDO ÀXWXDQWHRKRVSHGHLURHRLVRODGRYLUDO&DQGUHVVHHWDO 2PpWRGRSDGUmRGHLQGH[DomRGHYtUXVHPIUXWHLUDV OHQKRVDV p D HQ[HUWLD LQGLYLGXDO GH FDGD PDWHULDO D VHU LQGH[DGRHGDFYGHLQGLFDGRUDVREUHXPSRUWDHQ[HUWRTXH IXQFLRQDDSHQDVFRPRVXSRUWHSDUDRVLVWHPD,QWHUQDWLRQDO :RUNLQJ *URXS RQ )UXLW 7UHH 9LUXVHV 2 PpWRGR LPSOLFDHP PDQLSXODU SODQWDV HQ[HUWDGDV JHUDOPHQWHSRU PHVHVDDQRV&RQGLo}HVDPELHQWDLVLPSUHYLVtYHLVHDIDOWD GH VHQVLELOLGDGH GDV LQGLFDGRUDV D FHUWRV LVRODGRV YLUDLV SRGHPDIHWDUDH[SUHVVmRGHVLQWRPDV-DPHV

2 SUHVHQWH WUDEDOKR YLVRX DYDOLDU D YLDELOLGDGH GH XPSURWRFRORGHLQGH[DomRELROyJLFDP~OWLSODHPFDVDGH YHJHWDomR GRV FKDPDGRV YtUXV ODWHQWHV TXH XQLVVH WRGDV RESUMO

2REMHWLYRGHVWHWUDEDOKRIRLDYDOLDUDYLDELOLGDGHGDLQGH[DomRELROyJLFDP~OWLSODGHYtUXVODWHQWHVGHPDFLHLUDVHPLQGLFDGRUDV OHQKRVDV2PpWRGRFRQVLVWLXQDHQ[HUWLDGHFLQFRHVSpFLHVGHLQGLFDGRUDVHGXDVERUEXOKDVGDFXOWLYDUDVHULQGH[DGDHPXP~QLFRSRUWD HQ[HUWR&RQFOXLXVHTXHDH¿FiFLDHDVHQVLELOLGDGHGRPpWRGRELROyJLFRP~OWLSORpDGHTXDGDSDUDDGHWHFomRFRQ¿iYHOGH$SSOHVWHP JURRYLQJYLUXV$6*9$SSOHVWHPSLWWLQJYLUXV$639H$SSOHFKORURWLFOHDIVSRWYLUXV$&/69HPSURJUDPDVGHOLPSH]DFORQDOH FHUWL¿FDomRGHPDWUL]HVGHIUXWHLUDV$573&5FRQ¿UPRXRGLDJQyVWLFRELROyJLFRGH$639H$6*9(QWUHWDQWR$&/69GLDJQRVWLFDGR SHODLQGLFDGRUD//6QmRIRLGHWHFWDGRSRU573&5HPWUrVGRVQRYHDFHVVRVDQDOLVDGRV2JHQHGHSURWHtQDFDSVtGLFDGH$&/69GHXP GRVDFHVVRVHVWXGDGRVIRLFORQDGRHVHTXHQFLDGRDUHJLmRGHSDUHDPHQWRGRVLQLFLDGRUHVGH3&5IRLFRPSDUDGDFRPGDGRVGR*HQEDQN FRPRVXEVtGLRjLQWHUSUHWDomRGDQmRDPSOL¿FDomRGHFHUWRVLVRODGRVGH$&/69

Palavras-chave:0DOXVGRPHVWLFD$SSOHVWHPJURRYLQJYLUXV$SSOHVWHPSLWWLQJYLUXV$SSOHFKORURWLFOHDIVSRWYLUXV)OH[LYLULGDHJHQH GHSURWHtQDFDSVtGLFD

ABSTRACT

Biological multiple indexing and RT-PCR detection of latent viruses in apple plants

LQGLFDGRUDV HP XP ~QLFR SRUWDHQ[HUWR UHGX]LQGR DVVLP VXEVWDQFLDOPHQWHFXVWRVGDLQGH[DomRELROyJLFDHFRPSDUDU VHXVUHVXOWDGRVFRPDTXHOHVGDDQiOLVHPROHFXODUSRU57 3&5$FORQDJHPHRVHTXHQFLDPHQWRGRJHQHGHSURWHtQD FDSVtGLFD GH XP LVRODGR GH $&/69 H D FRPSDUDomR GD VHTXrQFLDGDUHJLmRGHSDUHDPHQWRGRVLQLFLDGRUHVIRUDP UHDOL]DGRV FRPR VXEVtGLR SDUD H[SOLFDU D QmR GHWHFomR SRU573&5GHDOJXQVLVRODGRVSRVLWLYRVSDUD$&/69QD LQGH[DomRELROyJLFD

1RPDUFRGDIRUPDomRGHXPEDQFRGHJHUPRSODVPD GH PDom IRUDP DQDOLVDGRV DFHVVRV GH PDFLHLUDV DQWLJDV GH IXQGRV GH TXLQWDLV PDQWLGRV QD (VWDomR ([SHULPHQWDO GH )UXWLFXOWXUD 7HPSHUDGD GD (PEUDSD 8YD H 9LQKR HP 9DFDULD56FROHWDGRVHPGLYHUVDVUHJL}HVGR5LR*UDQGH GR6XO56DFHVVR$9DFDULD56DSUR[DQRVDFHVVR $ 1mR0H7RTXH56 DSUR[ DQRV DFHVVR $ &RORUDGR56DSUR[DQRVDFHVVR$&DUD]LQKR56 DSUR[DQRVDFHVVRV$H$0XOLWHUQR56DSUR[ DQRVWRGDVGHRULJHPGHVFRQKHFLGD7UrVDPRVWUDVGH DSUR[ DQRV DFHVVR 0 µ'HOLFLRXV¶ DFHVVR 0 µ*ROGHQ 'HOLFLRXV¶ H DFHVVR 05 0DOXV VSS VHP HVSHFL¿FDomR IRUDP FROHWDGDV GH EDQFR GH JHUPRSODVPD GH6DQWD&DWDULQDJHQWLOPHQWHFHGLGDVSHOR'U$3HUHLUD (VWDomR([SHULPHQWDO(SDJUL6mR-RDTXLP6&

)RUDP XWLOL]DGDV FLQFR HVSpFLHV GH LQGLFDGRUDV OHQKRVDV0DOXVGRPHVWLFDFYV9LUJLQLD&UDESDUD$6*9 $639 5DGLDQW &UDE $639 /RUG /DPERXUQH6 $&/696S\$&/69$639H0DOXVPLFURPDOXV *0$/ D $6*9 $QWHULRUPHQWH jV HQ[HUWLDV DV HVWDFDVGDVLQGLFDGRUDVIRUDPPDQWLGDVHPFkPDUDIULDDR_&

GXUDQWHXPPrVSDUDDF~PXORGHKRUDVIULRIDYRUHFHQGRD EURWDomR8PDHVWDFDGHFDGDXPDGDVFLQFRLQGLFDGRUDVGH ±FPGHFRPSULPHQWRIRLHQ[HUWDGDQRRXWRQRGH HP XP PHVPR SRUWDHQ[HUWR RULXQGR GH VHPHQWHV GHM.

GRPHVWLFDFY*DODGHXPDQRGHLGDGHHFHUFDGHDFP GHDOWXUD$VHVWDFDVGDVLQGLFDGRUDVHPFDGDSRUWDHQ[HUWR IRUDPHVSDoDGDVFPGHGLVWkQFLDXPDGDRXWUD1DEDVH GHFDGDSRUWDHQ[HUWRIRUDPHQ[HUWDGDVGXDVERUEXOKDVGR PDWHULDODVHULQGH[DGR&DGDSODQWDFDQGLGDWDIRLDYDOLDGD HPSRUWDHQ[HUWRVFDGDXPFRQWHQGRDVFLQFRLQGLFDGRUDV 2VFRQWUROHVSRVLWLYRVFRQVLVWLUDPGHLVRODGRVGH$639H $&/69 GH XPD LQIHFomR PLVWD GD FY %UDHEXUQ 9DFDULD 56HGHXPLVRODGRGH$6*9GDFY%DURQHVD&DoDGRU 6&PDQWLGRVHPEDQFRGHLVRODGRVYLUDLVGD(PEUDSD8YD H9LQKR$VSODQWDVIRUDPPDQWLGDVHPFDVDGHYHJHWDomRD WHPSHUDWXUDDPELHQWHHDYDOLDGDVTXLQ]HQDOPHQWHGXUDQWH FLFORVYHJHWDWLYRVGHSULPDYHUDSRUDQRV

([WUDWRVGH51$WRWDOGHFDGDDPRVWUDIRUDPREWLGRV GHPJGHWHFLGRGHFDVFDGHUDPRVÀRUHVHIROKDVSRU DGVRUomRHPSDUWtFXODVGHGLy[LGRGHVLOtFLR6LJPD$OGULFK 65RWW -HONPDQQHXVDGRVSDUDVtQWHVHGH F'1$H3&5XWLOL]DQGRVHRVLQLFLDGRUHV$&/69U &$*$&&&77$77*$$*7&*$$  SRVLomR $&/69 V C **&$$&&&7**$$&$*$

 SRVLomR $&/69 U 

&7$$$7*&$$$*$7&$*7&*$&  SRVLomR

$&/69V$7**&$*&$*77&7*$$777*

 SRVLomR $&/69 U 

&$&$&77*$*&$&$&$$&$&$  SRVLomR $&/69V&$*777*&7&*$&$*$$&&$

 SRVLomR $639 U 

$7$*&&*&&&&**77$**77  SRVLomR $639 V  &7&77*$$&&$*&7*$7**&

 SRVLomR $6*9 U 

&7*&$$*$&&*&*$&&$$*777  SRVLomR $6*9V$7*$*777**$$*$&*7*&77&  SRVLomR $V FRQGLo}HV GH GHVQDWXUDomR SDUHDPHQWRHH[WHQVmRIRUDPASPV:GHVQDWXUDomRDR&

PLQFLFORVGHDPSOL¿FDomRGHVQDWXUDomRPLQD R_{&SDUHDPHQWRPLQD}R_{&HH[WHQVmRPLQD}R_&

HXPDH[WHQVmR¿QDODR_{&PLQASGV:GHVQDWXUDomR}

D R_{& PLQ FLFORV GH DPSOL¿FDomR GHVQDWXUDomR}

VHJDR_{&SDUHDPHQWRVHJD}R_&HH[WHQVmR

PLQDR_{&HXPDH[WHQVmR¿QDOD}R_&PLQACLSV:

GHVQDWXUDomR D R_{& PLQ FLFORV GH DPSOL¿FDomR}

GHVQDWXUDomRVHJDR_{&SDUHDPHQWRVHJD}R_&

HH[WHQVmRVHJDR_{&HXPDH[WHQVmR¿QDOD}R_&

PLQ

4XDQGR QmR LQGLFDGR GH RXWUD IRUPD D FORQDJHP IRL H[HFXWDGD VHJXQGR 6DPEURRN 5XVVHO FRP SHTXHQDVDGDSWDo}HV2IUDJPHQWRGH$&/69DPSOL¿FDGR FRPRVLQLFLDGRUHVVHUGHSEIRLOLJDGRDR YHWRUS&5FRPR7$&ORQLQJ.LW,QYLWURJHQFRQIRUPH LQVWUXo}HV GR IDEULFDQWH H D FRQVWUXomR IRL XWLOL]DGD SDUD WUDQVIRUPDUFpOXODVFRPSHWHQWHVGH(VFKHULFKLDFROL'+% 2 IUDJPHQWR GH LQWHUHVVH GH TXDWUR FORQHV UHFRPELQDQWHV IRLVHTXHQFLDGRHPDPEDVRULHQWDo}HVXVDQGRRVLQLFLDGRUHV 0 VHQVR H FRPSOHPHQWDU ,QYLWURJHQ HP VHTXHQFLDGRU DXWRPiWLFR $%, 3ULVP $SSOLHG %LRV\VWHPV $ VHTrQFLD REWLGD IRL DQDOLVDGD H FRPSDUDGD FRP DV VHTrQFLDVGR*HQ%DQNXWLOL]DQGRVHDIXQomR%/$67GR 1&%,KWWSZZZQFELQOPQLKJRY

SHUtRGR2DSDUHFLPHQWRGRVVLQWRPDVGH$&/69VRPHQWHQD VHJXQGDHQIROKDomRGH//6SRGHVHUGHYLGRjFRQFHQWUDomR HRXjVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVELROyJLFDVGRLVRODGRYLUDORXDLQGDj LQWHUDomRHVSHFt¿FDGRLVRODGRYLUDOFRPDLQGLFDGRUD)RUVOLQH

HWDO-DPHV(VVDUHDomRSRGHVHUH[SOLFDGDSHOD JUDQGHGLYHUVLGDGHJHQpWLFDHELROyJLFDGH$&/69TXHLPSOLFD QD SUHVHQoD GH LVRODGRV PHQRV YLUXOHQWRV FRP VLQWRPDV jV YH]HV LPSHUFHSWtYHLV QD LQGLFDGRUD &DQGUHVVHHW DO

&LHVOLQVNDHWDO$SUHVHQoDGRYtUXVQDVJHPDVXVDGDV FRPR LQyFXOR p GHWHUPLQDGD WDQWR SHOD FXOWLYDU FRPR SHOR LVRODGRYLUDOHGHSHQGHGHVXDFDSDFLGDGHGHPXOWLSOLFDomRH PRYLPHQWR)ULGOXQG$SUHVHQoDGH$6*9QRDFHVVR 0GHWHFWDGRSHOD573&57DEHODPDVWHVWDGDQHJDWLYD HP9LUJLQLD&UDEHPGXDVHQIROKDo}HVFDUDFWHUL]DXPHVFDSH QDWXUDOHPVLVWHPDVELROyJLFRVUHVXOWDQWHGDUHODomRLVRODGR YLUDOLQGLFDGRUD (P DQDORJLD HP HVWXGR GH LVRODGRV HXURSHXVWUrVLVRODGRVGH$6*9SRVLWLYRVQDLQGLFDGRUDM.

PLFURPDOXVIRUDPQHJDWLYRVHP9LUJLQLD&UDEHXPLVRODGR GH$6*9QmRIRLGHWHFWDGRQRWHVWHELROyJLFRSRUQHQKXPD GDVGXDVLQGLFDGRUDVHQTXDQWRWRGRVRVTXDWURLVRODGRVIRUDP GHWHFWDGRV SHOD 573&5 .LUE\HW DO -DPHV $VDQiOLVHVGHH[WUDWRVGHiFLGRVQXFOpLFRVWRWDLVGHFDVFDGH UDPRVHÀRUHVYLDELOL]DUDPUHVXOWDGRVUHSURGX]tYHLVSDUDRVWUrV YtUXVHQTXDQWRRVGHIROKDVIRUDPLQFRQVLVWHQWHVUHVXOWDGRV QmR PRVWUDGRV 8WLOL]DQGRVH RV LQLFLDGRUHV V HU FRQVLGHUDGRVGHDPSORHVSHFWURTXHÀDQTXHLDPXPIUDJPHQWR GHSEQmRVHFRQVHJXLXDGHWHFomRGRVLVRODGRVGH$&/69 GRV DFHVVRV $ $ H $ GLDJQRVWLFDGRV SRVLWLYRV SDUD$&/69SHODLQGH[DomRELROyJLFDHP//67DEHOD DSHVDU GD ORFDOL]DomR GDV VHTXrQFLDV GHVVHV LQLFLDGRUHV QR JHQH GD SURWHtQD FDSVtGLFD &3 UHJLmR PHOKRU FRQVHUYDGD HQWUHLVRODGRVGH$&/69TXHGHWHUPLQDDEDL[DGLYHUVLGDGH VRUROyJLFD GHVVH YtUXV &DQGUHVVHHW DO 2EVHUYDomR

VLPLODUIRLIHLWDFRPLVRODGRVGH*UDSHYLQHOHDIUROODVVRFLDWHG YLUXVHPYLGHLUDV%HUWD]]RQ $QJHOLQL2VDXWRUHV DWULEXtUDPRIDWRjJUDQGHYDULDELOLGDGHJHQpWLFDGRVYtUXVH DR FRQVHTXHQWH QmR UHFRQKHFLPHQWR GDV VHTXrQFLDV YLUDLV SHORVLQLFLDGRUHVLPSHGLQGRVHXSDUHDPHQWR2VLQLFLDGRUHV VHUDPSOL¿FDUDPIUDJPHQWRVGHYiULRVLVRODGRVGH $&/69PDVQmRYLDELOL]DUDPDDPSOL¿FDomRGHXPLVRODGR SRORQrV GH DPHL[HLUDV &LHVOLQVNDHW DO &RP RV SDUHVGHLQLFLDGRUHVUVHUVVLQWHWL]DGRV FRP EDVH QDV VHTXrQFLDV GR LVRODGR 3 GH DPHL[HLUD Q~PHUR GH DFHVVR QR *HQ%DQN 0 QmR RFRUUHX D DPSOL¿FDomR GH QHQKXP GRV IUDJPHQWRV HVSHUDGRV (QWUHWDQWR XVDQGRVH R LQLFLDGRU KRPyORJR V FRP R FRPSOHPHQWDU U REWHYHVH GR DFHVVR 05 PDV QmRGRDFHVVR0DDPSOL¿FDomRGHXPIUDJPHQWRGH SE)LJXUDFRQWHQGRRJHQH&3FRPSOHWRSE GRLVRODGRGH$&/69GHQRPLQDGR%5Q~PHURGHDFHVVR QR *HQ%DQN () 1D VHTXrQFLD GR JHQH &3 GR LVRODGR%5FRQVWDWRXVHLGHQWLGDGHVGHDHPQtYHO GHQXFOHRWtGHRVQDFRPSDUDomRFRPLVRODGRVVHOHFLRQDGRV SHOD EDVH GH GDGRV &RP R LVRODGR 3 Q~PHUR GH DFHVVR0GRTXDOVHRULJLQDUDPDVVHTXrQFLDVGRV LQLFLDGRUHV VU D LGHQWLGDGH GH QXFOHRWtGHRV GD &3 GR LVRODGR %5 IRL GH VRPHQWH DSUR[LPDQGR VH PDLV D GH LVRODGRV MDSRQHVHV Q~PHURV GH DFHVVR$%$%H$%(QWUHWDQWRRV PHVPRVLVRODGRV02$%H3$% FRP LGHQWLGDGHV UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH GH H FRP R IUDJPHQWRGDUHJLmRQmRFRGL¿FDQWHGRLVRODGR%5QmR SRVVXHP LGHQWLGDGH VLJQL¿FDWLYD FRP D VHTXrQFLD GR LQLFLDGRUU)LJXUDeSODXVtYHOSRUWDQWRSURSRU

TABELA 1 - ,QGH[DomR ELROyJLFD P~OWLSOD HP LQGLFDGRUDV

OHQKRVDVHSRU573&5GHLQIHFo}HVODWHQWHVGH$SSOHFKORURWLF OHDIVSRWYLUXV$&/69$SSOHVWHPSLWWLQJYLUXV$639H$SSOH VWHPJURRYLQJYLUXV$6*9HPDFHVVRVGHPDFLHLUDV

0DOXVGRPHVWLFDFYV9LUJLQLD&UDE$6*95DGLDQW&UDE$639 /RUG/DPERXUQHVHOHomR//6$&/696S\$639H0DOXV PLFURPDOXV*0$/D$6*97DEHODHQJOREDGDGRVGHOHLWXUDGH GRLVFLFORVYHJHWDWLYRVHUHVXOWDGRVGHWUrVUHSHWLo}HVSRUWUDWDPHQWR

FIG. 1 - $QiOLVH GH SURGXWRV GD 573&5 SRU HOHWURIRUHVH HP

FIG. 2 - $OLQKDPHQWRGHVHTXrQFLDVGHQXFOHRWtGLRVGRVLQLFLDGRUHVVHUXWLOL]DGRVQDDPSOL¿FDomRGRIUDJPHQWRGHQW

FRQWHQGRRJHQHGH&3GH$&/69GRLVRODGR%5SEDFHVVRGHPDFLHLUD05$([WUHPLGDGHUHJLmRGHSDUHDPHQWRFRP V%H&H[WUHPLGDGHUHJLmRGHSDUHDPHQWRFRPU%EORFRGHLVRODGRVFRPDOWDYDULDELOLGDGH&EORFRGHLVRODGRVFRP EDL[DYDULDELOLGDGHUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH LVRODGR %5LVRODGR%5

A

B C

TXH D QmR DPSOL¿FDomR GH IUDJPHQWRV GH LVRODGRV GH $&/69 FRP D FRPELQDomR GH LQLFLDGRUHV VU VHMD GHYLGD j YDULDELOLGDGH JHQpWLFD GHVVHV LVRODGRV QD UHJLmR GH SDUHDPHQWR FRP R LQLFLDGRU U (QTXDQWR QR WHUPLQDO  GR JHQH &3 DV VHTXrQFLDV VmR DOWDPHQWH FRQVHUYDGDV)LJXUD$QDH[WUHPLGDGHQDUHJLmRGH SDUHDPHQWRGRLQLFLDGRUGHF'1$IRUPDPVHFODUDPHQWH JUXSRVGHLVRODGRVUHVSHFWLYDPHQWHFRPEDL[DHDOWD LGHQWLGDGHFRPDVHTXrQFLDGRLQLFLDGRUU)LJXUD %&$QmRDGHTXDomRGHVWHLQLFLDGRUSDUDDGHWHFomR GH XP JUXSR GH LVRODGRV GH$&/69 SRGH UHGXQGDU HP IDOVRVQHJDWLYRV(QWUHWDQWRFRPRQHVWDVDQiOLVHVIRUDP XWLOL]DGRVVRPHQWHLQLFLDGRUHVSDWyJHQRHVSHFt¿FRVVHP FRQWUROHV LQWHUQRV SDUD DPSOL¿FDomR GH JHQHV YHJHWDLV RV UHVXOWDGRV QHJDWLYRV GH DOJXPDV UHDo}HV SRGHP DGLFLRQDOPHQWHVHUDWULEXtGRVjGHJUDGDomRGR51$RX j SUHVHQoD GH LQLELGRUHV GD DWLYLGDGH GD WUDQVFULSWDVH UHYHUVDRXGD7DTSROLPHUDVHHQmRjDXVrQFLDGRSDWyJHQR 0HQ]HOHWDO

6H SRU XP ODGR DV UHVWULo}HV DRV PpWRGRV LPXQRHQ]LPiWLFRV (/,6$ GHFRUUHP EDVLFDPHQWH GD ÀXWXDomRGRWtWXORYLUDOGDVD]RQDOLGDGHGRGLDJQyVWLFRH GD RFRUUrQFLD GH VHUyWLSRV &LHVOLQVNDHW DO H SRU RXWUR ODGR RV PpWRGRV ELROyJLFRV VmR YXOQHUiYHLV j UHODomR LVRODGR YLUDO YV LQGLFDGRUD D YDULDELOLGDGH JHQpWLFDGRVLVRODGRVYLUDLVH[LJHHVWUDWpJLDVHVSHFt¿FDV SDUDHYLWDUIDOVRVQHJDWLYRVQRGLDJQyVWLFRSRU573&5 %HUWD]]RQ $QJHOLQL &RQFOXLVH TXH R ULVFR GH HVFDSH p LQWUtQVHFR D DPERV RV PpWRGRV DYDOLDGRV $OLDUDLQGH[DomRELROyJLFDP~OWLSODHPLQGLFDGRUDVGH UHDomRIROLDUUiSLGDj573&5SDUDFDVRVHVSHFt¿FRVGH FHUWL¿FDomRGHPDWHULDOGHHOLWHpXPDHVWUDWpJLDIDFWtYHO H HFRQ{PLFD SDUD REWHUVH PDLRU FRQ¿DELOLGDGH QR GLDJQyVWLFRGHYtUXVODWHQWHVGHIUXWtIHUDVURViFHDV

AGRADECIMENTOS

2VDXWRUHVDJUDGHFHPDR'U)UDQFLVFR-/$UDJmR (PEUDSD5HFXUVRV*HQpWLFRVH%LRWHFQRORJLD%UDVtOLD') SHORVHTXHQFLDPHQWRGRVFORQHVGH$&/69DTXLREWLGRV

REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS

%HUWD]]RQ 1 $QJHOLQL ( $GYDQFHV LQ WKH GHWHFWLRQ RI JUDSHYLQH OHDIUROODVVRFLDWHG YLUXV YDULDQWV -RXUQDO RI 3ODQW 3DWKRORJ\

&DQGUHVVH 7 /DQQHDX 0 5HYHUV ) *UDVVHDX 1 0DFTXDLUH * *HUPDQ60DOLQRZVNL7'XQH]-$QLPPXQRFDSWXUH3&5 DVVD\DGDSWHGWRWKHGHWHFWLRQDQGWKHDQDO\VLVRIWKHPROHFXODU YDULDELOLW\RIWKHDSSOHFKORURWLFOHDIVSRWYLUXV$FWD+RUWLFXOWXUDH

&LHVOLQVND 0 0DOLQRYVNL 7 =DZDG]ND %- 6WXGLHV RQ VHYHUDOVWUDLQVRI$SSOHFKORURWLFOHDIVSRWYLUXV$&/69LVRODWHG IURPGLIIHUHQWIUXLWWUHHVSHFLHV$FWD+RUWLFXOWXUDH )RUVOLQH3/+RFK-/DPER\:)+X-60F)HUVRQ-5*ROLQR'$ *RQVDOYHV'&RPSDUDWLYHHIIHFWLYHQHVVRIV\PSWRPDWRORJ\ DQG(/,6$IRUGHWHFWLQJWZRLVRODWHVRIJUDSHYLQHOHDIUROORQJUDIW LQRFXODWHG &DEHUQHW )UDQF $PHULFDQ -RXUQDO RI (QRORJ\ DQG 9LWLFXOWXUH

)ULGOXQG 35 'LVWULEXWLRQ RI FKORURWLF OHDI VSRW YLUXV LQIHFWHGEXGVRQYDULRXVOHQJWKVRIDSSOHEXGVWLFNVLQVXFFHVVLYH \HDUV$FWD+RUWLFXOWXUDH

,QWHUQDWLRQDO:RUNLQJ*URXSRQ)UXLW7UHH9LUXVHV'HWHFWLRQ RIYLUXVDQGYLUXVOLNHGLVHDVHVRIIUXLWWUHHV$FWD+RUWLFXOWXUDH

5HFHELGR0DUoR$FHLWR-DQHLUR733 (GLWRU$VVRFLDGR)0XULOR=HUELQL DVVD\-RXUQDORI9LURORJLFDO0HWKRGV

-HONPDQQ:1XFOHRWLGHVHTXHQFHVRI$SSOHVWHPSLWWLQJ YLUXV DQG RI WKH FRDW SURWHLQ JHQH RI D VLPLODU YLUXV IURP SHDU DVVRFLDWHG ZLWK YHLQ \HOORZV GLVHDVH DQG WKHLU UHODWLRQVKLS ZLWK SRWH[DQGFDUODYLUXV-RXUQDORI*HQHUDO9LURORJ\ .LQDUG *5 6FRWW 6: %DUQHWW 2: 'HWHFWLRQ RI DSSOH FKORURWLFOHDIVSRWDQGDSSOHVWHPJURRYLQJYLUXVXVLQJ573&5 3ODQW'LVHDVH

.LUE\0-*XLVH&0$GDPV$1&RPSDULVRQRIELRDVVD\V DQG ODERUDWRU\ DVVD\V IRU DSSOH VWHP JURRYLQJ YLUXV -RXUQDO RI 9LURORJLFDO0HWKRGV

0HQ]HO : =DKQ 9 0DLVV ( 0XOWLSOH[ 573&5(/,6$ FRPSDUHG ZLWK ELRDVVD\ IRU WKH GHWHFWLRQ RI IRXU DSSOH YLUXVHV -RXUQDORI9LURORJLFDO0HWKRGV

1LFNHO2)DMDUGR790-HONPDQQ:.XKQ*%6HTXHQFH DQDO\VLV RI WKH FDSVLG SURWHLQ JHQH RI DQ LVRODWH RI$SSOH VWHP JURRYLQJ YLUXV DQG LWV VXUYH\ LQ VRXWKHUQ %UD]LO )LWRSDWRORJLD)LWRSDWRORJLD %UDVLOHLUD

5DGDHOOL31LFNHO26FKRQV-$UDJmR)-/)DMDUGR790 'LDJQyVWLFR ELROyJLFR H PROHFXODU H DQiOLVH GD VHTXrQFLD GH QXFOHRWtGHRVGRJHQHGDSURWHtQDFDSVLGLDOGHXPLVRODGRGR$SSOH VWHPSLWWLQJYLUXV)LWRSDWRORJLD %UDVLOHLUD )LWRSDWRORJLD%UDVLOHLUD

5RWW 0( -HONPDQQ: &KDUDFWHUL]DWLRQ DQG GHWHFWLRQ RI VHYHUDO¿ODPHQWRXVYLUXVHVRIFKHUU\DGDSWDWLRQRIDQDOWHUQDWLYH FORQLQJPHWKRG'233&5DQGPRGL¿FDWLRQRIDQ51$H[WUDFWLRQ SURWRFRO(XURSHDQ-RXUQDORI3ODQW3DWKRORJ\ 6DPEURRN - 5XVVHO ' 0ROHFXODU &ORQLQJ$ /DERUDWRU\ 0DQXDO UG _{HG 1HZ<RUN 0< &ROG 6SULQJ +DUERU /DERUDWRU\}