Vol-7, Special Issue-Number4-June, 2016, pp774-788 http://www.bipublication.com
Research Article
Design of hotel in Soltanieh (zanjan) by the art and
architecture of the Ilkhani
1
Seyyed Mohsen Hatefi Ardekani and 2Sajjad Moazen
1
Department of Engineering Islamic Azad University, Khomeyn
2
Faculty Member of Islamic Azad University branch of khomein
ABSTRACT
The exclusive architecture style advent in Soltanie Zanjan, in the wake of the construction of glorious Soltanieh dome ( one of the most colossal brick – made buildings in the world) , rampart of the city and other historical buildings. This did happen in the region of Oljiato (one of the Moughole chieftains). ( Soboti page 1954). In the article at hand which is about designing of a hotel in Soltanie I have tried to design the hotel according to Ilkhanian style, to achieve tourism prosperity this small and less prosperous city. Namely in addition to my architecture insight I have tried to use the Ilkhanian form of art and architecture (using more geometrical plans in designing, adopting of tincture of the building in convexes and concaves, using key stones in skeleton of the building, ornaments through the indigenous material and applying the modern architecture). These have been concerned to create a genuine building with public welfare application. I have tried to design a hotel compatible with the ancient part of the city. Designing a hotel with genuine Iranian Islamic theme to review the art and architecture of Ilkhanian era in humble and less prosperous Soltanie, once used to be capital of Iran may challenge tourists, mentality, persuade them to know more about the city.
Concerning before mentioned factors location is crucial factor also I have tried to choose the best location with a natural, historical lands cape, moreover I have tried compatibility in facade by avoiding using the modern materials. The UNESCO regulations and restrict about the buildings in boundary of the historical .I have been concerned, since the hotel is located close to the Mola Hassan kashi mausoleum. Number of the floors and height less than 10 meters have been seen in design.
INTRODUCTION
These days hotels are used to satisfy needs of numerous tourists concerning the cultural,
economical humanitarian, technical and
graphical aspects is really crucial observing these various aspect of the problem need to the convenient application. Civil engineers and architects should look precisely the needs of consumer should be satisfied in erection of the hotels. Final consumers needs make the architects ready to create innovative spaces. The developed countries were used to.
Converting the commercial residential spaces into cultural recreational and sporting, providing spaces for leisure times and using more conveniently these hubs. Since long time ago the developed countries were used to and recently in our country.
Looking as a whole to the history of architecture in Iran indicates the fact that every governor art and architecture of the era can be recognized as the characteristic of that with innovative and evolved ornamental form in the building remained .Sotanieh the city at case located in green province 47k.m in east of Zanjan .The city is located in the green prairie between two mountainous region .the location with these characteristics has caused windy. Soltanieh has almost temperate and cold climate .(Maleki ,Mohammad ,1390,page 335)
According to archaeologists the Soltanieh province from the late second millenary to
Mogohol’s offence Soltanieh has been
residential and previous to Mogholes offence .This city has been called “Viazh” before Moghol s domination and after domination of Moghol’s was nominated as”Ghanghor Alang” (the same page 156) Soltanieh was opted as capital by Arghon khan for the first time. (The same page 157) and when Oljaito came to
power was glorious days of Soltanieh
.(Hamzelo, Manoochehr.1381:page 37)
Passion of Arghon Khan to the green province in Soltanieh and specific situation in locating beside the silk way and his decree to build a new city motivation Oljaito to colossal buildings construction and urbanization and he began to establish a great city in 704 and glorious dome of Soltanieh in 10 years. (Hamzehlo Manuchehr 1381 page 37).
Getting distant from the Changiz era the Moghul chieftains began to try for a better reputation. Hence they began to erect mausoleum for themselves.
The most magnificent mausoleum belongs to sultan Mohammad Khoda Bande(Oljaito).The Soltanieh dome built in 700 years ago is a turning point in architecture and this a great school in which we can learn about what had been known and the piled of knowledge (Mir Fatah Seyed Ali Asghar 1381 )
In addition to Soltanieh dome one of the most colossal and crucial buildings built as mausoleum is constructed there. The mausoleum which can be accounted third after saint Maria church in Florence and Sofieh mosque in Istanbul. (Hamzehlo Manuchehr 1381 page 59) Other historical works like “Chalbi Oghlo” , and mausoleum of Mola Hassan kashi, and the “dragon temple” which are located in land skirt of Soltanieh. Although Soltanieh is an ancient city. It has not gained sufficient appreciation it deserve and yet unknown.
Our studies show there is not any restaurant or hotel in the city with modern standards to encourage the tourists to stay more in the city .There is question: Is there sufficient potential in the era to attract Iranian tourists and foreigners, as well cultural heritage researcher? I think this
can be achieved by erecting a convenient hotel in the city.
In this article I have tried to explain about designing hotel which is in conformity with Ilkhanian architecture to in doctorian otology of Ilkhanian history to tourists. Hence the main goal is indoctrinating the mentality of the historical setting to contemporary man. I also have tried to choose materials compatible with historical context, more ever I have tried to observe the regulations and restrictions of cultural heritage, handicraft and tourist administration of Zanjan state, and I have considered the global base about Soltanieh dome Comments . These all have been done to persuade the tourists to stay more than 24 hours in the area.
The progressive tourism industry prosperity in any province entails erecting a sumptuous hotel in it .A hotel in harmony with the dominant style of architecture in the province.
With this approach seek for the following goals. 1- Designing a hotel affected by the Ilkhanian and architecture style.
2- To aid the prosperity, creating jobs for natives who are not in convenient life style.
3- Planning local sporting courts like polo in the hotel site to encourage the tourists to enjoy the setting more
Ilkhanian architecture style.
Ilkhanian architecture style has been adopted from the Saljoqians directly. We observe the peak of the Saljoghians style in 450 years after domination of Arabs in Iran. In this era we see those first – experimental plans promoted to an exclusive and accurate style. Studying numerous buildings remained from the time indicates the similarity in two style. (Donald Wilber 1986, page 33 , 34).
In Ilkhanian era the architectures were experimental but in ilkhanian era we observe the
main problem was conflating and
Ilkhanian architectures adopted all the plans, material and styles of construction from Saljoquians. Tower like mausoleum building gained momentary in Ilkhanian era and was adopted and used as patterns from Sajoquians. The main characteristic of the Mogholes style should be expressed precisely. Saljoquian’s era almost is at same time and the same life long as the Romansk style. Meanwhile the Ilkhanian era is not with ”Guthic”. It is amazing to observe the resemblance between two processes. The evolution of Romanks in to Gothic in Europe and change from Saljoquians to Ilkhanians in Iran. This harmony justify this adoption but in general we can not observe this evolution. From Romank to gothic in Iran we may say the Saljoquians architecture is elementary style of the Ilkhanian s style and in a three hundred period has evolved regulatory. We can denote some samples of the case:
In Ilkhanian buildings we observe how important verticality and delicacy has been compared with those of Saljoquians we consider the change in dimensions of the rooms and we see the rooms have been designed with higher ceilings than the horizontal dimensions.
Saljuquian porches are broad and wide meanwhile Ilkhaninas are narrower with more height. Polar at the corners are more and closer to each other and have narrower lines and building endurance are concentrated. The walls are thicker in Saljoquian porches but in Ilkhanian we see them slimmer sometimes with distances or windows
The external and internal of the walls and piers have been worked in depth so the peripheral walls are thin and piers are heavy worked. Within the dormitories the walls are thin again and we see thick walls only where the main load are endure.
The form of Sajuquian dome did continue and vaulted dome became more prevalent. Vaulted domes with numerous rows and less internal endurance were erected and semi-arches were removed and facades domes were substituted and domes were located on broader areas. Ilkhanian architecture was indigenous and global at the same time in Middle East nations accustomed with tradition of erecting colossal
by monarchs decrees . In the first centuries the round city renown Baghdad and different buildings in Samereh were built on decrees. In Ilkhanian era locations like Ghazanie and Soltanieh were established on the monarch s decrees for example one of the decrees of Ghazzan declare having a mosque and bathroom is mandatory in every city or village under his government.
External influence was not noticeable in Ilkhanian era. In carrying and turning the minor Asia impact was more noticeable and cornice making which was prevailed in Syria and Iraq may have impacted Iran architecture (the same the same). Summing up the debate Ilkhanian architecture consists of following elements and innovations.
emergence of sols hand writing substitute to Naskh hand writing (same :same)
HOTELS
Although tendency to travelling is not new and human beings have been passionate to travelling
but in recent years with automobile
manufacturing travelling have come to need stage.
Many people but a fluent could not afford automobile. in after second world war with popularizing new transportation facilities including trains, airplanes and with growth of the owners of private automobiles meanwhile the Europe was grappling with difficulties’ war has caused to them, US made innovations in building the first chain – hotels was inaugurated in US through the money of the American capitalists . These new hotels which had ignored grand hotel pattern. Promoted international tourism industry. The new tourism industry by the end of the reconstruction just when the Europe has relieved relatively from the war disasters in 50th, travelling and tourism gained its momentum and the trips and hotel came to its summit particularly in ancient cities hotels are some renting places which are leased to people for a short – term. Hotels are accounted as residential and tourism facilities which are more used by tourists. Hotels have many rooms some time hundreds in addition to rooms and suits which are residential facilities hotels have many side facilities including restaurants,
swimming pools, coffee –shops and
amphitheaters usually the clients are resided in the rooms and enjoy beds ,bathrooms and water closet .The single bed or two beds rooms are more popular .
Frank Revid Right was the only renowned self thought architecture who undertake to instruct the Imperial hotel in Tokyo but other famous architecture in the initial of the 20th century like “Salivan “,”Gropios “,Lekorbozie “did not share the business and many chain hotels in cities ; like Paris , Newyork and Lasvegas were designed and conducted by less renowned architects. In the peak of the modern architecture known as the pragmatics with regard to of the domination of international
architecture style on all European countries. There were no innovation in design and construction of the hotels to 60th s and quantity problems were take into consideration than qualities only public spaces was considered crucial dancing saloons, casino and restaurants as the spaces used by the residents of the cities made a great transformation in programming and money making of hotels .In 1965 John Portman designed “Hait Regency” hotel in Atlanta. He evolved the hotel designing in to a new stage. He designed atrium revived the idea of the main saloons of the grand hotels this pattern was welcomed by the chain hotels and atrium is considered as the main characteristics of huge hotels in public image.
Khajick an immigrant from Russia established Naderi café in Tehran he was a confectioner; sometimes late. He erected a hotel beside the confectionary with the same name. In the restaurant of this hotel for the first time foreign foods like steak, beef steaks were served. Different snaps, desserts, ice creams were among the services they delivered to their clients.
Beside the establishment of the hotels different cafes set out in Tehran Rasht, Anzali harbor, Babolsar, and other Iranian cities number of these hotels proliferated with second would war and entrants soldiers from U.S.A U.K and Russia to Iran and many were closed with the exit of the occupier soldiers. The most renowned cafe in Tehran in those times were Continental and Loghanteh cafe. Continental café was in Stumbol street and continental was in Baharestan street and Nezamieh palace another was grand hotel located in lazeghie which was dedicated to foreign guests going to these cafes and restaurants was a kind of aristocracy in those times and could identify the clients as intellectual or fluent classes.
Modern hotels
Knowing about the before mentioned issues and philosophy of hospitality and evolutions they have made during different stages and impacts of them on architecture a provide broader insight to for us to study modern hotels. These days the main goal in designing a hotel is comfort of the passengers namely aware circumstances cheerful environment so as the passenger can feel at home. The hotels should satisfy the individual; social needs of the passengers their physical, cognitive sensational needs be gratified. The sumptuous saloons in grand hotels used only by a few clients who were rich and extravagant. The conditions were changed in better conditions, conditions, in which an ordinary people can use the facilities easily in modern hotels due to modern facilities. Inter connection between passengers and crews have turned to least. And in other hand the ceremonies have totally converted and more humanitarian connections has been substituted. Those glorious saloons with their delicates
decoration are deleted these days. Instead less broad spaces and less sumptuous saloons are in use. Extremism in simplification has led to a kind of monotony and boring circumstances in 1930th . The complexes erected by Racial movements are so cool and boring. Any way philosophy of hotel running is evolving to eradications of privileges and specialty of the grand hotels and are moving ahead to satisfy different classes with different incomes. The distribution of these complexes around the cities. Beside the high ways and beaches is similar to those karvans saras inns, pubs once could be seen in old contexts of the cities or beside the roads several forms of hotels can be chosen.
Cheaper boarding houses in which everyone should carry out his own tasks to mobilized apartments which are leased to clients. We see also in hotels and mountain sanctuaries the same architects try to design complexes in which the passengers feel at home and enjoy more quality. The man leave the popular cities to enjoy his privacy and solitude . So the ideal hotel is not the sumptuous and but those which can provide more tranquility
Introduction of hotel spaces
Entrance saloon; modification of view
visual image as well draw attentions to where needed at the same time unconsciously eye is catch by the more lightened spot eye catching verges and corners hence we can emphasize more on linear and specify lights on verges in a back ground of peripheral lighting we can illuminate the reception with intensive lights with different colors. So as the reception can be more eye – catching than the other parts of the entrance saloon reception.
Reception
Reception part has two main roles at the sametime, applied and decorative. Lighting in applied level should be versatile. Downward lightings are located above the table and aids to client to study and sign the reception sheets. At the sometimes at the backward of the reception lighting is necessary for use of the crew to use it for reading and waiting.
The materials used in this part should not reflect the light or have any reflection on monitors used by the stuffs. This space should be warm, hospitable and attractive at the sometime eye – catching we might use warm lights as well illuminating surfaces in vertical back grounds. Lighting from the ceiling accompanied by the receptor table lighting as well as peripheral. Lightings should be modified so as the countenances of the clients as well the crew look more beautiful and do not look horrible in many hotels the receptor table is the first thing catches the eyes this could decorated with various kind of lighting these days are prevalent in bazaar. There is a common view among the architect about reception decorating and designing. They believe in creating a corner simulator the stages in theaters but silent with illuminating counter decorated with flowers and different states or any simple ornamentals to catch eyes unconsciously.
Corridors, pass ways
Light , a guidance to pass: corridors are among those spaces which are less cared about, any careless have been architect in designing the pass ways, he can revive this dead space by a little attention to lighting in any hotel obviously the main goal is leasing the rooms but it sounds begin the management to make the corridors
more pretty even this mandatory to keep the hotel more beautiful and eye – catching . Since the corridors located in the parts of building without day lights they should be decorated with lighting round the clock. Hence in corridors also we have the aesthetic and applied aspects and economic in use of energy. Hence a control system in corridors seems mandatory so as the intense of light can be modified automatically. Obviously none aspects an intensive dazzling lighting in 3 am meanwhile an obscure situations is not favored in the early morning . creating variety of images are also a good reason for alternating different sources of light in daylong local lighting or background lighting of tablets scores applying floor dispersing parallel with walls can alternatively create various images linear lights continual and follow are among the instruments we can supply in corridors round or compacted florescent . Lamps are recommended in some hotel the spaces are horribly designed and are spoiled so as the residents of the hotel always are hurrying to pass the corridors. The lighting is solely from the ceiling which cause more shadows. Than lighting there is no plan for lighting and with no privilege recognizing the faces, countenances is impossible and obscure besides such lighting it is better to pay attention to vertical lighting too. Lighting the walls vertically reduce sense of menace someone may feel if the corridor is long which usually is, we might break the distance in some ways. we can beak linear lighting which follows the root by positing an ornamentals in or passing doors luster can break the lengths and gives an usual stop to passengers.
Restaurants , coffee shops
restaurants which are defined beside the hotels and we cannot recognize independent identity for them conventionally with an independent identity is designed beside them .the main factor in eating and drinking initially is social nature. the main problem in lighting these spaces is how the people does look and what sense they have in restaurants countenances should sound calm and warm.
Hence the lighting should be modified from above and sides to prevent shadows to appear. Light should create a soft space. Regarding this point entails a appropriate lighting for different parts of the day an intelligent control system can be designed to modify the lighting for breakfast, lunch and dinner. Lighting should motivate visual images and with regard to the food served in restaurant, we can define the lighting so as client be persuaded to keep more in restaurant for example in fast – food counters where there is no time for sitting long, or for magnificent restaurants we have to design different lighting many facilities can be used to persuade the client to stay more. We might design a warm space with did of different layers of lighting in addition to that we may use proper ornamentals including statues and bunch different sections of the walls can be lighted and we can create more abstract space by hiding the sources behind the tables and furniture and in low levels to light verges, backgrounds glasses cold cathode bars and light fibers can be applied to create a space statues like attractive with three –d demonstrations
Those entertainment spaces are the best for applying different techniques including variable projectors with several colors. To create light – dancing even in internal official designs colored projectors or water falls lighting as dynamic elements can be applied to reduce the cold circumstances. (same – same)
Rooms
Although the approaches to design any international hotel is changing continually designing the rooms have not changed and almost it is the same and traditional. May be conservative hotel – owners have prevent the changes. They are cautious about the changes and are afraid about the reflects clients may
have in exposing with unexpected in convenient spaces. Monotony in coloring , applying old furniture to induce sense of belonging to clients are usually facilities used in rooms so far. Costs is another prohibitive in changing the rooms for instance adding only one bulb to a room means 30 hundred bulbs costs to hotel. Any way since the rooms are the most important space during the residence in hotels revising the lighting of the rooms is the most complex tasks an architecture is exposed to .since lighting has three or four application at the same time any source of light has realm of illuminating which should not be violated by the other sources any way now days the hotel owners view is changing about the matter gradually.
They have accepted that look of lighting may and new designs in this issue may make bring about problems. Night – lightings have been designed recently to suggest less trouble making going and coming for roommates.
With least lighting studying – lights have been designed in a controlled scope, or facilities to work with computers are provided individually. Optics fiber are as the touchable and controllable lighting are applied to economize energy consumption as well bring about a concentrated light. These are have substituted the low – voltage which are not disposed – light – pointed though more expensive but cost – effective in long – term.
One key point even in traditional designed rooms is where? The electrical switches are located in most of times last long to learn where the switches are located and every switch belong to which part of the space. Locating the switches does not any particular pattern which may cause miss – haps all these in correct approaches should be avoided to provide comfort and needs of passengers, though many hotels promise to deliver these services but they are not met yet.
Bathrooms Bathing in light
These make the bathing more attractive which the traditional bathroom never could. Hence the mirror is the main point in such cases. Creating a favored situation avoiding sharp shadows, the best way is lighting in sides, to have a soft light on the faces, lights used here should be warm accompanied with these lighting downward lighting also should be provided precisely we should avoid the location of lights being exactly above the head which create unwanted , un favorite shadows and obviously these sharp shadows are reflected in mirrors emplacing a bulb in showers prevent the shower to look as a black hole .switches in bathrooms also should be controllable.
Celebration saloons ,versatile rooms fantasy
lighting
Administrative debates and conferences , social events, local celebrations and clothing exhibitions are all events which providing appropriate spaces them in hotels leads to huge incomes and added values remarkable growth of such economic relations beside the progress of technology. Effectuated to advent of flexible attractive spaces particularly lighting in the past hanging some luster and lights on the walls were supposed to be sufficient soon the projectors came to arena . The most complex task in saloons are the celebrations in which in additions to flexibility , they enjoy the ornamental elements and an expulsive spectrum of lightings are necessary. Various kinds of downwards lightings volume lightings, lights on walls applied lighting, luster and downward lighting for stays and optic fibers are all among this category.
Obviously the ceiling is the most congested because in addition to direct lightings all the facilities are located on it.
The cold cathode lighting for volumetric lights with two on three substitutable colors locate beside each other opting luster entail accuracy, and taking to account dimensions of the spaces and volume of the light needed to avoid dazzling either obscurity such a luster nowadays have been developed by moving lights as well laser and digitals. Tables and table clothes can be identified with low – voltage lights, such multi – application lights are designed with several
colors to be used in different ceremonies and appropriately can be interchanged. False ceiling cuttings and concave and convex in ceiling decorated with mirrors and with aid of mirrors hidden lights are reflected concentrated a huge space are divided in to different smaller islands with the aid of lighting so as they became. congruent in a complex in this approach partitions are negative and obscure spaces instead of walls, and concrete partitions we should provide lead bulbs in each section to guide new entrances, this space looks fantasy. Which attracts those who refer to this space should create illusion and images so the clients become mere passionate to apply it.
Different things in the space can be omitted .they added to space through the lightings. When a tranquil circumstances are needed for eating the space is converted in to a warm peripheral light and things well – lighted create comprehensive detailed circumstance and the
same space convert to appropriative
environment through some. Variable moving colored lights in which entitles and statues, ornamentals are lost in obscurity in the stage, and manifestation plant in addition to lighting the walls and space the floor should be taken into account sensors which regulate on and off lights through the walking are necessary it is a good to provide hanging lights from the ceilings either hidden ones lengthening shortening automatically .Laser lights are new instruments applied recently .
Lobbies
Commercial stations
These spaces are play key role in prosperity the hotels these days . these spaces located in obscure section of the hotels .lighting has a crucial role in productivity of the summits .providing facilities for the participants who are forced to stay in summit long (8-10hours continually)sometimes is mandatory in this environments applying warm wide spread, as well , controllable and manual for each participant. Modifiable lights for demonstrating films or power points images, scripts are necessary.
tedious tail of focusing on sheets, documents and so forth for long hours. The source of lightings may be designed as vertical plates or lights on walls instead of merely being provided on the ceilings. These accompanied with tungsten lights may make the space illuminated in eating times
Welfare, sporting facilities:
What was counted on as secondary services in 80th now days has turned to remarkable part of services delivered by the hotels. Different body – building facilities, health entrustment , swimming pools, son ate body building courts, evaporation rooms, massage pools, and beauty – saloons are different parts of hotels. Provide service to affluent clients all these spaces need to lighting urgency. Those different parts always needs to a kind of lighting to fade the ceilings an induce a more spacious room to images. Achieving this goal we might accompanied with a soft light provide circumstances. Close to the spectrum of sun linear lights as throughout bands are installed in convergence of the walls and ceilings. As well bands are designed to light the surface of the walls completely concentrated low voltage lights are installed in peculiar tablets. It is essential to notice reflections on monitors managed. metallic instruments are positive elements of the case which create special reflective illumination .we don’t need peripheral lighting in body-building saloons .a fading ground light is necessary to illustrate every instrument and other lights are decorative Thus we emphasize on parts of the instruments and create back – grounds colored lights by projectors. lighting in pool is not vital and might be more sensory than rationally. In the pools , we could concern pool itself as the main reflective surface and lighting in ceiling are designed . Not to have reflection on the pool. Applying false ceilings and creating different patterns when pools are in use ,otherwise is fantastic . These patters and their visible images created in water pool is very attractive if well-done. in this case applying light bobbles which are applied in moist circumstances and below the water is very important. There are two main points in health – room lighting and variety of sources and quality of locations halogen
tungsten is a good opt to demonstrate completions more fair and this is good for individual who try to look more young and fresh. Moreover in such spaces most of the times people are staring to ceilings , hence it is necessary to have pretty patterns as well dazzling light be avoided .
It is mandatory to provide the light through light plates installed in walls and avoid dazzling light in ceiling here also a light control system is applied to create a cheerful space in mornings, tranquil and cool in afternoons. If the space is designed versatile it is mandatory with respect to determined tranquility or active space sharp lighting as well versatile lighting become provided.
In general we can categorize lights in peripheral light for the rooms mobilized with monitors, local for instruments, colored for coffee – shops, colored calm light for pools variable and versatile lights peripheral or local for health – rooms.
Faced, civil ads.
May be some thinks of lighting on faced and keep it switched on all night long is not cost effective but the fact is impact of the manifestation of hotel all night long with a variable , attractive lighting is more cost– effective than prohibited faced decorating in days.
Lack of lighting or an attractive lighting may make all the investments in internal spaces go with wind.
A well designed faced lighting declare its presence in fluently and make its image permanent inviting, in the minds. well lighting might change the hotel as icon of a city.
addition to demonstrating various light and illustrating allures. Creating profound senses is also an effective impact we might achieve in lighting. Lighting some boundaries and leave sides we might create vacuum and evoke the contrast between full and empty.
And change the image of the hotel totally in nights and convert images people have in their minds since the days and we can induce a poetic feeling to the spectators.
Parking
Parking for automobiles and access to them in hotels is should be concerned and designed. We can not design a decorative magnificent entrance for hotel and the same time design a narrow semi dark horrible aisle or path way for parking this is a contradictory design.
In side of parking should be designed with fading light and with aid of linear colored identify the divisions. Icons must be illustrative colored and variable an effective proximate is not necessary prohibition with nigh tech facilities. colored lights in boxes and emphatic linear Fluorescents and compact plain or drawn with glass bricks can work as partition and are specified with colored background. Identifying pedestrian pathways are effective and less prohibitive resolutions . the waiting room for elevators can be decorated with drawn layers and plain glass – bricks are divided in general we might convert parking from a plain monotonic space to an applied , attractive with fantastic visual image by colored variable lighting capabilities.
Suggestion providences delivered in this article are used a new designing hotel as an absolute term. Beside the provide and use of efficient sources of light also they can be applied in amendment the residential complexes. These are well – applied resolutions for construction of obsolesce hotels and old ones without
expanding too much costs. Of course
identification and designing new patterns, reconstructions, lighting, relighting, recreating, spaces from the existing spaces or new ones is incumbent every innovative architect.
Main goals in designing floors for guests. Direction / location.
Luminosity
Direction of wind
View a guest room might enjoy.
Location of building in the way visible from street
Assessment of visual impacts and costs for alternatives in different forms (the same , the same)
Regularities for designing different floors. Designing should be organized in manner, in – high 70% percent of the buildings are devoted to guest – rooms.
Elevators, and ladders should be located in inner spaces rather than external walls.
The pathways plan should be designed so as facilitate the guest going and comings:
The foyer of elevators should locate in the midpoint of the skeleton.
Ice supply machines and drinking – supply machines can stop close to public elevators. The elevator for services, storage – room for sheets and wastes – shoots must be installed in central part of the hotel.
The pathways should be 5 feet wide at least. 5 feet and 6 inches are more convenient.
The distance between guest – room and relief-steps should not be more than 150 foot (if the facilities are watering) or according to local regalities.
Guest – rooms should be located back – to back to economic input building costs.
The handicap guests rooms locate in lower floors and close to elevators.
Designing the guest rooms which are almost three – forth of the hotel or more is a crucial factor in productivity of the project as a whole. The goals for designing which contribute to architecture to assess the relative success of any idea in any design includes control indicates as well.
The necessary services in hotels. Convenient chilling and heating systems. - Convenient ventilations system.
- clean sheets with ironed , starched pillows and suitable and convenient bed.
Convenient lighting accompanied with natural light.
- Suitable parking space in relation to capacities of the rooms.
Toilets for women and men among the sections for public.
- services exclusive to handicaps for seen in all the rooms.
Percentage of square footage in different sections of a hotel.
-Facilities related to residence ,rooms ,toilets ,bathrooms ,pathways services in different floors 50-60 percent
-public rooms ,reception ,saloons ,halls, 4-7percent
-entertainment spaces ,restaurants ,coffee shops ,pubs ,guests rooms ,lobbies,4-8percent
- Feast, banquet spaces including debate rooms , speech rooms and summits 4-12 percent
-Service spaces including crew rooms ,storage room 9-14 percent
-Administrative and secretarial spaces 1-2 percent
-Maintains and repair spaces 4-7 percent -Leisure times , sporting ,shops and barberry 2-10 percent
some peculiar spaces like seminars , hygiene space and therapeutic facilities with no roof also are necessary which areas devoted to them may be variable .
Assessing levels
National , compulsory or voluntary distinct assessment are different and with use of letters , numbers , stars and so far distinguish .more than 100 a? and almost all of them according global tourism organization.(wto)but conforming them to local restriction and regulations have converted.
Two analytic comparative case among the Iranian and foreigner hotels.
Hotel Sheraton
