• Nenhum resultado encontrado

Evolução dos comportamentos de preparação do substrato para o cultivo do fungo simbionte e cuidados com a cria, rainha e alados em formigas da tribo Attini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2017

Share "Evolução dos comportamentos de preparação do substrato para o cultivo do fungo simbionte e cuidados com a cria, rainha e alados em formigas da tribo Attini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)"

Copied!
102
0
0

Texto

(1)

! "#! $%"! &'!( $% $% ! ) ! &*+ ( ' ! " #$%&$'(

(2)

!"# $%!&! !' $ %(%)%' & ('*(+$*(! &! $(,# (&!& %!&)!- !)-( %! ./0-(' & 1)(%! (-2'3 4 !5") & (' -!#' "!#! '6%$78' &' %(%)-' & ')%'# 5 (+$*(! ('-9:(*! ''-':(!

(3)

! " ! #"$% & '( )* +%,-.//

% !0 !

1#')2 3 4 5 6 * +

7 %7 +5

8& !419

& "+!0 :114)5 2;:3

(4)
(5)

. !*#&(%' 1) %! ?'#5(:! @!5 $! ,#&!& *)-%(,!&'#! *'5&'#! & ?)$:'3 2'5! -% ±

(6)

(7)

:#!&*(5$%'

% 4 "% +

3 7 + 5 " !< +4:

:=> "

!% ? ! + + + & 4=@1 6 A 6

3 =?@$"?12 &**

= B3 @ : +@ 2 @! +> !

0 +4: < " 9 "

0 21:3* +><

"

+4: #+4:'!0 %C4D ! EA F "

+"1 + 9 1E! #+13<'B&

(8)

E

A:

)5' B

6 %#!*% F

$%#'&)78' :#!- #,( 8' &! -(%#!%)#! G

!"H%)-' B ± ,'-)78' &' *'5"'#%!5$%' & "#"!#!78' &' )6 %#!%' "!#! ' *)-%(,'

&' ?)$:' (56('$% 5 ?'#5(:! &! %#(6' %%($(

)5' F=

$%#'&)78' FB

!%#(!- I%'&' FF

'-J$(! )%(-(K!&! FF

6 #,!7L 1)!$%(?(*!7L &' *'5"'#%!5$%' FD

$A-( %!%H %(*! FG

)-%!&' FM

( *) 8' D<

(%#!%)#! *(%!&! DM

!"H%)-' < ± '5"'#%!5$%' & *)(&!&' *'5 ! *#(! 5 ?'#5(:! &! %#(6' %%($(

)5' DN

$%#'&)78' G=

!%#(!- I%'&' GF

'-J$(! )%(-(K!&! GF

6 #,!7L 1)!$%(?(*!7L &' *'5"'#%!5$%' GD

$A-( %!%H %(*! GG

)-%!&' GG

( *) 8' M<

(9)

!"(%)-' F ± '5"'#%!5$%' & *)(&!&' *'5 ! #!($2! !-!&' 5 ?'#5(:! &! %#(6'

%%($(

)5' MN

$%#'&)78' C=

!%#(!- I%'&' C<

'-J$(! )%(-(K!&! C<

6 #,!7L 1)!$%(?(*!7L &' *'5"'#%!5$%' C<

)-%!&' CF

( *) 8' C>

(%#!%)#! *(%!&! >B

(10)

8

7"M

" ! ! !B 9 @$ A ?A .G/ ? ? " ! ! A9 H I ! <

& ? < 9 !

%

7

" E A9 JH " ! 9 7 <

7 6 9

1 9

<

0 ?

K <9 <?0 !

< ? ! ? !6

A! <9

<? "0

6 !

1 9

D 1 0 ? B

"!

A <

(11)

.

! ! A ! ! ! 7 B ! ! < " ! ! ? ! 3 DE 0 !< A

0 ! !6?!

A 0 <! I

79 " !<! ! " 6 < " ! 9 0 < 0 D I 7 " < 0 <

(12)

G

6 %#!*%

1" LM $ " " " <L ! !!L !1" " $@$ A $ " 1" A $.G/ ML" !$ " M " " "$ "L $ $ " $ M" !L" ""

: A L " LM L" " L " "

"$!$ " %

1 1"

" L $ L " ! 1"" L$" <

1" L " ! $ $ " 4""" " " $ " " " $ $

"$"LM4"

" $ L " "

$ L " " " " L" " " ! " $L " ! $4"L " ! " A "L ! "" L " !"LA

"$ " " " L" " N $

4""" "" !"$ 1" "L! L " L ! ! !L ! "

" $ A " "L "

(13)

O

!$ !!" $"" "" ! !" ! L " " $ " $ " L "" !" " !& $"" A"!L""LM!!""" A " LLML LM!! !" !" L""$

4""" "" L ""<L ! !! " ! "$!$ " < " L ! "! L ""$ LMM L" ""$" !"$"LM !"M7 """"! L ""$ L ""$

(14)

! ! ! K ! 9 9 ! < "1 !

E ! I #PQ R S 8/R : .//GRT !.//ORT !.//O'

A ?.G/? 0 B ? ! ./.

? O/U1OOU:0E!

#PQ8/R@.//.R:"R5$.//'

! V 8 ? A 9 ! ? " " ! " !< ? <E! "

M ! #PQ8/R

(15)

! !6 ? !

!99 ?

! M9 ! ! 0 3

? 0 E ! #PQ8/RV 8G'

? ! ! ! 7"<A !? 6 E! !? " ! #VR7 .///R@.//.'

! 0

! < ! M

A ? ? ! ! ! D! A ! 9 " ? E! ? 0J #W8GR@R+ R:"RR@".//8R V 8G'

M "

! ! " ? !6

! 8O " 5 < < ! !6 K

(16)

? !AI ? B 9 & 9 @$ ? < D 9 E! ? ! E! ? 6 !% 0 #5 R @$"J1

.//8R:"R@ 8R@.//.R:".//'

!6

! "0

9 ! 0 < E "< ! ! #5.//8RW8GRPQ8/R@ .//.'

0 !6 !

" ? ! E < ! ? 7 " < ? ! ! ! #W8GRPQ8/R @.//.RV.///R5R@$"J1.//8'

! !6 !

9 0 E " !

!? "///H

"0 ! ? ! " <0 #W8GR PQ8/RV 8GR@.//.R:".//'

A !6 <

"0 6 K ? " !6

" EI

(17)

7 !6 5 @$"?J1

#.//8'M

" "0 ! 7 < !6 0 ? K ! <J !"0 A 9 !6

7 ! @Q8G B ! 9 ! ! ! 9 " ! < ! " ! B ? < < ! " " #+"R *"R :" R @ 8OR 3! .//8R T ! .//O' :"$

! ? ! !6 !

9 B 9 3 < ! ! ! ! ! < #@M .//ORT R@R:"RR 5M.//O'

! ! ! < !

! I 1

! E! <9 ! #@ R 5$R X R : 8R PQ 8/R @ .//.R : .//GR : .//OR *"R5R*".//O'

7 ! 0 ? ?

"0 < 9 9 M

(18)

" !! 9 #PQ 8/R @" 8R @ .//8'

7 !! 9 0 < < 9 0 0 7 ! !! 9

0 < !

!! 9 < ? ! ! < ! < !D ? < ! #@" 8R@.//8R7 : J3 " .//O'

? D E! "0 E! ! 0 7 X8 ? ! < ? 7! X.XGXO? !< 0 A #7 : J 3 " .//OR V .//R +" 8OR @M .//OR T .//O'

! " 0 :! A /Y 0 ?! !? " < ! ! ! !! 9#5R+"8R: .//G'

Z J<M

! M < ! !

A << ! !

<[ < M !

(19)

8/

H #+R A R @ " 8/R 1M R :8R& "R: !R:R3 8R* !.//O'

: ! M !

D ! !

7 ? ! !63

"E! !!

? !6 < E

< !#+ R:R:R@" 8R+ .//8R+ .//8R+ .//G'

? ! <6 E !

0 ! D1 ?

! ? ! ! #+ 8'

1 ? E !

" ? ?

!H < ! A ! #+ R3R@"R5R5 .//'

CF ! < ? ! ?

!

!< ! ? A

"0!< !6

! 9 <? B

9 !< ? < #W.//'

! ? ./ " " E ! S #8' E!

(20)

88

? !

! " E E! 0 W #8G' ! <

"! C F

"! C F !6

<!6

!6

? ! " @$"?J1 #8' E!

0 :" @$ #8'

E! S#8' <[6 1

:"5$#.//'<[ 1PH <

! ? W #8G' M

!?

!6

7? ! <? ?./ ! ! EA T0 !6

9

Z !6

9 ? 3? D < !6 EA << J < 9! "B? !6

M !9 E <

" #:"8RSR:"R@ 8R@ .//8'

(21)

8.

1 A !"0 ! !

" E%

8±: ±" E S#8'

<"0 !! !< " ! ! 0J

.±@ ±X !#8' " E<0

! 9 :! < "0 ! " ! < ! 9 ! ! 9 0J

G± @ ± :! " E

9 "0 1

! E #S 8R PQ8/R@.//8'

O±& ± !

0J < E #@.//8'

± + ± " E ? <

! < ! A A#@.//8'

± 3 " ±1 " E

" 9 " " K ! " ! 0J #@.//8'

±C3F ±@#.//8' " E

(22)

8G

! !:!! " ! 0 ! 0J

± 7 ±1 K " E !

< ! CF A CE F < ! " 7 !! " 7 !#:"J3.//'

1"" E ??!

<" !? ! ? ! #@$"J1

8R:"8R@.//8'

7? D ? ! ? ! < ! <[6 ! 7 ? A D !? ? <[ " D ? D ? 1? 9 6 " E ? #M.//8'

O P

B>MG

= ! !6

! !! 0 < "! ?!0#& !88'#V 8G'

(23)

8O

(:)#! BB%70 ? ± R5± #&%

LLLL!'

: " <<? " !!! 5 !? I I < #&LR& R3 : R: 8RV 8G'

"? 0A !? " " " H " 4 ! "K !H ! 0 H < ! ! ? "! #V 8G'

?A<7!6

S#8' E! 0 < ! ? A < ! J0

(24)

8

! ? !9 " !9 " # V 8GR &0J@9R\ RS .//O'

? ! ? !6

M " "? !

" ! 9J!? 0 ? I " #:"R5MMR58R5R5.//OR:RR R 5 .//OR :R : R V .//R V R R 1 R5.//'

=!6 ?

J< !6 A ./ "D& !<<<? ? K! A #W8GR+"8OR+"8OR:"8'

1A !6 ? !6%

7 ?K ? <

I ? ! !6 !9 !#V 8G'

? " !6

? ! D

5 ?" <<?J M <

! # V 8GR & R R R V R * .//'

7 " ? !9 M !

9 " ? H!I AEA 0#V 8G'

0 ! 9 % 3

(25)

8

! !! "<

M #V 8GR& .//'

B>MG

!!6 @$

8 < ! @Q8G 0 E " < ! ! !9 0 7 !?6 ! ?

MD "?#& !8.'#S8RPQ8/R

V 8GRVM8RV.///'

(:)#! B<% 70 ± R 5± #&%

LLLL!'

7 " 6 ! ? A ? < "H"0 H A 8 ! ? !0 "< " J#&0J@9.//ORT .//O'

(26)

8

M !

AH!! ! < ! ! #T .//OR&0J@9.//O'

2!? !

< " <B 9 3 ! ? ! ? !6 ? " 9 ! #@M .//ORT .//ORT !.//O'

0 !6 A "

!< ! 0 << #3 J: !R .//'

7 !6 OO? !

? "

! CF ? "

9 M9 "988

8.9? K !6A ? < #VM8'

BNBF

(27)

8

? < A ? : #W 8/R @$"J1

8R@$"J1R5.//'

(:)#! BF% 70 ± R 5± #&%

LLLL!'

!? !6

? 0 ! ? "! C1 F < ? #W 8/R

W8GR:"8RS8R@$"J1.//'

!6 !

! <[6 1 ? !#V.///'

7 "<

! "K HM !

0 " H ! !

0A 8 9 ! ? M !

(28)

8

? " ?

5 30?? 3! ! 0 ? 6 " EJ9#W 8/R@$"J18R@$"J1.//'

7 " ? K H ./ G/ 9 A9 "? 0 9 ! "7 < ? ! !9 ? #W 8/R V .///R :.//OR@$"J1.//'

B>M=

!!6 : "8/ < ! &80 E " < ! ! !90 7 !?6 ?

MD " ?

# ! 8O' #S 8R PQ 8/R V 8GR V .///'

7!6? "?

H<K H

M !K "0 "I

" < #&0J@9 .//OR

(29)

./

(:)#! BD% 70 ± R 5 ± #&%

LLLL!'

70!

% 0 ! ! " "

! ! M 0

< ?J Z ! 0

" M0 ! J 7

!D! ! <6 " !#@M RP !" 8'

" "0 ! <

! "

B <

? "I A " ! !6

? 0"

B>NF

7 !6 0 E

< " A ? 0

< 6 BMD

(30)

.8

#@$"J18R@$"J1R5.//.R@$"J1R5

.//R@$"J1R5.//'

(:)#! BG%70 ± R5± #&%

LLLL!'

! ! ?

" "

! 0 <

"#S8RV 8GR@$"J1

8R5"R1 8RV.///RV .//'

? !6

0 M 0 " D

0 M

" D ! < " ! ! #5" 8'

! ? ! 0 !

! 9< M !

(31)

..

" ? 0 0 #5"8'

I ? " <"I "!

EM ! !! <

< " ? J ! 9 ! !6 0 #&0J@9 .//O'

& ! !6 ? EA !

< 9 E! ? "0 "

1A !6 ? ! ? %

! " 7 !6 ?

A /? 9! ! ? 2 ? !6 A "B 0 ?

#@$"J

1 .//.R @$"J1 .//R 5 R @$"J1 .//R @$"J

1.//'

1" ?

! " ? ! < ?

0 9 0 @$"J

1 5 # ' < !6

(32)

.G

? ? < 0

@$"J15# 'A

!6:!? !"

" !2? < ! < ?

!9 E! ? "M"

!0 !

0 ! << #S8'

8 V+7+W=$(5!- 2!,('#=M:@%: .//8OG

. 1*33R&7*14V+R@7*4*R57*117@+R

*@7:T@R@17:+75" #

#P$%& 'LM !" "

$ !'*('6('-':Q O/..GJG/.//.

G 5*5R577@:@==@ < !J

<$ !J!L !2!,('#!- *'-':Q 8GO.JOG. .//O

O 5::@R+P**11=@&!P$": 1 "

V J+ ! 2Q ('-':(*!- $%'5'-':Q ./88J8

5:P*::1R1*14VV7=&3$" "

LM " /')#$!- '?

$ *% 2!,('# 88JG8

5*17+*&R@]PJ121:=L !J!L !!

(33)

.O

5*1^7+*&R@]PJ121:=L !J!L !!

!L "" "L

""$$ " #P$%& ''*('6('-':Q G G5GJ.//8

5*1^7+*&R@]PJ121:="$! "$" "

!" !J!L ! J ! " 4%**:1VV41XR5V&4:P*R3:S*#' &,!$* ($ !$% Q %5!%(* Q5$'"%#! '#5(*(&! 2'5!: %' R(- '$ S G= Q!# '? *'$%#(6)%('$ X &V% !

4 .//+.J

+P3V4PR*P1*:R:+P2V1\1*R@2VV*2X

$" $ "$ L !J!L !" !

*($* .88J8O8O

8/ +*T1:R4_@SR@4+PV:X &!X+

]*($* 8GO88OJ`8/

88 +2**4+* $ ! % " !$ $$)!- ,(T '? (*#'6('-':Q GJG/.//8

8. aaaaaa3

*'-':(! 8.J8/.//8

8G +2**4+*R372V:1@R@11PVV=R577@:@==R54VV1

=+$A ! !J

!L !*($* G888JG.//

8O +2**4+*R:+711=R:2@@*5VV*+R@VV7+P&!J !L ! J ! !!

!%)# G/8J/O8

8 +2**4+*RS71X5R:12*1R:+P2V1\1*R*P1*:R

@2VV*2X " J

$ *($* .GJG.//G

8 :72\=R:7*:4@&RVVV2+41@+

#P$%& '%L J !

(34)

.

8 VVV2+41@+R@7*4*7 ?'#5(:! *'#%!&(#! 1@ +V 7@ 8T @X% &"T 8G ..

8 &*1b1\J@*c1PR\4@@*@1=WRS+4:V7S1!

$< " !J!L ! #P$& '('-':(*!- /')#$!- '? %2 ($$!$ '*(%Q 8GJO.//O

8 &4:P*3=R:1*V41X=R:211715+R31*414V@ !

" !! " J !% $$

Q*'-':(*!- !#*2 8//O8JO8

./ &7*14V+R1*@VR1*33RV73:=&

:R*@7:T@5 #P$%

& '"!" M$'*('6('-':Q O88GJ8G.//

.8 &7SV*PXR&7*14V+R3*4*:4VTTR::15

!J !4%+:V7&X*1R*WT1*@*

#'(# !$% !$& -!?S*)%%($: !$% 6('-':Q !$& 5!$!:5$%5%

S L388JG

.. PdVV75V*5RS4V:7172 !$% 8+ !@%P

2 $38/G.

.G W@3&SS* L "!ee$#P$

& ',( %! #! (-(#! & ('-':(! ./G.J.G8/

.O W7:1+RVW17:1R5711+P*4R*1P7V\S*R

*15+P@RS4*1P*1J L

!J!L !!%)#T( $ *2!?%$ O8/.8J. .//

. W2:1\7T1\!! " ! *%! ''-':(*!

(--'!$! 8.J88G

. V@5*4R14&*R12*4VV\\4:R577@:@==+"

$ J ! 2!,('#!- *'-':Q !$&

(35)

.

. V11W=* E!?@$#P$%& '

#1)(,' & ''-':(! GO8.8J..88

. VV4*R7V4T4*3:&! !!$ % ! "+! 5

$ *% '*(!)U OGJG..///

. V4@3*@%!6'-( 5' *#78' & & "'-(5#! 5 ?)$:' (56('$% & ?'#5(:! !%H$! ($(6(78' & "*%($! .//#3"'J 2 3 4 5 6 * +.//

G/ V4\4114+:('-':(! !#1)(%%)#! & $($2' *'-%! & )6 %#!%' $' ##!&' "'# ?'#5(:! *)-%(,!&'#! & ?)$:' R2-# BN<G Q5$'"%#! ?'#5(*(&! %%($(.//#1#@''J

21:34 5 6 V+ 6 A:=?*

3J:3.//

G8 @*141@@R57]1RX4:V@11@=R:4VT**X $

&& V J+ !1L3J+S3$"

/')#$!- '? $ *% 2Q ('-':Q .88.8J8.8

G. @]PJ121:=(-':$(! & -' %%($( Q5$ '#5(*(&! )$ !"'#% !- *'$'*(5($%' & -! 2'#5(:! ?)$:H,'#! 81#'J

2 : E598

GG aaaaaa: !'-%H$ & $%'5'-':(! $K)-!$!

8/.8J./8

GO @]PJ121:=R5*1^7+*&* $ "

! 38% "!"

!#P$%& ''*('6('-':Q O/GJ.//.

G aaaaaa* $ " ! &3.% 1"!#P$%& ''*('6('-':Q O..8J

G/.//

G aaaaaa* $" !J!L !!$

(36)

.

G @]PJ121:=R5*1^7*&* $ "

! 3G%1"!!#P$%

& '''%!U! 8OOO8J.8.//

G @7PV4:2"! $ " ! ",( %! & *'-':(! !%($'S5#(*!$! G8J

8

G @7*4*R5217+R7V4T4*+XR414\RX*+\

VR+@37:@+X&! ! $

#P$%& ' !'*('6('-':Q /.O/J O8.//

O/ @2VV*2X ! %J " " J !$ 2 5#(*!$ !%)#!-( % 8/J.//.

O8 @2VV*2XR+2**4+*R:+P2V1\1*R@:*@

@R@VV7+P1" ! " J ! 2 V)!#%#-Q

,(T '? ('-':Q .8J8.//8

O. @21W+:45R31==RT4VV:13R@2VV*2XR

5V+WSVV@R@+V2XPV41=+! "

"$ !J!L !#'*&($: '? %2 'Q!- '*(%Q '? '$&'$ .88J8..//O

OG @2*W@41RP4X:P4:: ! L

L " " !

/')#$!- '? %2'-':Q 888J.8

OO 7V4T4*:4VTJ341P14+,'-)78' 5%!6'-( 5' & !-:)$ !%H$' Q5$'"%#! '#5(*(&! ) ?)$:' ! (&('5Q*'%! :!#(*!- .//O#'J21:3J* +:3.//O

O 3X17++&+R5++4=*@R&21X*7@PR52177+R

P5V41X@=R:111*3 $ "A

$ " ! $" J !

(37)

.

O 3411:J:41X*1VR:3V4W1!" ! !"

!$#P$& '

$ $ *% '*(!)U OOG8/JG8.//

O *7*4X2:*'##+$*(! & ?)$:' ?(-!5$%' ' 5 $($2' & '#- BN=> Q5$'"%#! '#5(*(&! )65%(&' ! %#!%!5$%'

*'5 ( *! %9U(*! .//O#@'J4 5 J2J* +.//O

O *71P:R577@:@==R*7:1PV:&!$

$ J ! " !!Q*'-':(*!- !#*2 8/8 8/8J8/.//O

O :1+P\J31:*1L L ! J ! %

A A ! J !$ #P$%& '

$$!- '? %2 $%'5'-':(*!- '*(%Q '? 5#(*! .88J8O.//

/ :+P2V1\1*R5WWT7VR577@:@==

L % !J!L !$ *% '*(!)U

OOOJO88

8 :+P2V1\1*R5*]:X@M $ !

#'*&($: '? %2 !%('$!- *!&5Q '? *($* 8/8OOGJOO/ .//

. :+P2V1\1*R@4**"$! $ " !J!L ! #P$%& % '"! " "

Q %5!%(* $%'5'-':Q ./OGGJG/8

G :4VT-?!S!5(-! 5!-%! $' (56('$% ($:# '--# )*'*'"#($! :!#(*!*! ($$!) %%($( '#5(*(&!.//O#'J21:3* +:3.//O

O :4VTR5++4=*@R:4Z24*+XR52177+R3X17++

&+RP5V41X@=: /')#$!- '? $ *% 2Q ('-':Q OG/JG8G.//G

:V7@71:R@2VV*2XR:+P2V1\1*R+2**4+*R3*4+:

VR7V4T4*:4VTJ341P14+1 ! !$ " !J

!L !$# %& '$ *% '*(!)U 8

(38)

.

:2@1*:R11WRV54=R577@:@==1"

J !% $f$ *%

'*(!)U 88GJO..//O

12W:@R:*\VV74 5 V ! X

$!( &! *!&5(! #! (-(#! & ($*(! O..JG//

8

TVV41X!$ ! #! 'J

L',! &,(:(! G.GJ..//O

aaaaaaX " $! % 41:V:2 <Q*'-':(*!- !#*2 8/OGOJG.//O

/ T4VV:13R@2VV*2XR:+P2V1\1*R@:*@

@R572+W+ J L " !

!J!L !,'-)%('$ 8/...J...//O

8 SVV*&! !5" S"

#& '')%2T %#$ !%)#!-( % GO..8J.8

. S5*1&!J!L !*($* 8GGGJ/O8

G S11**=WR:+P2V1\1*R@4**3"$!$ !J!L ! # '1<"!$'-*)-!# 2Q-':$%(* !$& ,'-)%('$ 8O.JO8

(39)

G/

B ±

)5'

7 " E

! E ? E

! E !

E B M ! 7 EM

E"

1 D < ?

E + A9 !

ED<E

E 6% 9

< !EER<9 <0

9< ER < !

(40)

G8 < A D ?

? E # '

6 E A <[6

<9 ! ? ?

# 1 ' ?

! E 9< 4 ! <

E?! H

< <9

E! E! ! ! E

E E B !

! E

$%#'&)78'

! E ?

!E9 9 ! <

I 7! A / "D

E (

C! F E #PQE R S 8/R

@R+ R:"RR@".//8'

E ! ! <E

A A ?

! !6 <

"E9 !!9? #PQE8/R

V R@ 8GR@RXRR: AR:".//'

9 E E! < ! !

? 0J "

< E !3

M "

(41)

G.

7E 0

! <

! E #Z R+"8R.//.'

" 9 A E B

? ! 0 !6 E

!! <! " ! A 8 9< <?? ! 9 "

! M ! #Z 8R S 8/R

@.//8R.//.'

7 ! ! ! A

E"+ ?A0 " <A

? 9 D < < 0

E ? ! #S 8/R PR

RP M.//.'

? E""0E?

M <[6 0 <

!?0 ?

E !

"0 ?0#S 8/RPQE8/RP.//.'

E ? A .G/ ? < !

! E

! E?

#W 8GR PQE 8/R V R

7 .///R@.//8'

7 ! E <

(42)

GG

E E! :EJ < !

? E E " ?

J< "0E !

! " ! #W8GR@$"J18R:"R@ 8RSR:"R@

8R@!R+ .//'

< ! E ?

"0E 9 "<0 E ? "

0 E #5 R

@$"J1.//R@!.//'+D

E B H

EM E" <

E ! E

0 !? E EE

!

!%#(!- I%'&'

GB '-J$(! )%(-(K!&!

1 "

+

4: 21:3* +:3#..U.GNOOG/F:OUG.N.GFS'

0 E 9 2EE :3 #.G .N

.O8F: O /ON 8O8GFS' M ! "

0

I " EE

0 ! < M !

" !

! H 9 ! E

(43)

GO

ED <O/"?

!

!9

" #$%' "#&

'

(:)#! <B +I 0\S E"

G< 6 #,!7L 1)!$%(?(*!7L &' *'5"'#%!5$%'

ED A9

! #::&' M JH 9

J 1T!9

#& !..'7EM ? !

!

7 E "

H !? M ! !

(44)

G

(:)#! << : EI

< ! K< E ? 0 <[6

K <

EK E

?

+ ? ! E 0

< " 0 <[6 8O" <[6 K<

EK ?

<?9

$A-( %!%H %(*!

& 0 <[6

(45)

G

EM E D

A ?

+ ? ? E

? E 6

E

)-%!&'

& .O/ " E <

! .G

E0 E.87

E!E

< 9< E

0 ! E

<[ E/./

! !/.87 <[

E M ! //8 ?

E 9< E

#1E..'

<[ E

/.8! !EE/.7

<[ E M ! // ?

E? 9< E

E#1E..'

<[ E

/OG.! !/.O7 <[ 9< //8/?

(46)

G

<[ E

/G.! /.8/7 <[

E M ! ! E //GO

1 <[ E /..

! /..G 7 <[ EM !//G#1E..'

1! <[ E

/O ! /... 7 <[

!E//GG! !//GO+

8 0 9

<[ EM !//8O <[

E///G ?

! 9< E

#1E..'

3 . 0 ? (< E

<[/8O! //O//O7

<[ ! E //8/ !

! //8O 3 G 0 ? (!

<[ E/.!

/8. /8/ 7 <[ !

///.! EM !///O#1E..'

& O0 0A <[

E /// <[ ! E

///8 9< E M

! ! E#1E..'

G < E

..O ! O <

! #E..'

! E < "0 0

EE0

(47)

G 0 0 < A <

K E? <B

#1E..'

0 < E

E A < M

8Y 7 ?

9< E E

! EM !0

6 ! 6

7 ! ? E

E #1E.G'

!0 E #& ! .G' ! 6

!% ? E

0 !

! M ?

<[6 ! E E M

!R!!? E

1G 0

M ? <[6

E 9< E

ER !? E 8O<

.

0 ! !

(48)

G

!6-! <B% E E

! E ?

'5"'#%!5$%' *#(78'

:)#!# ' )6 %#!%' 2 0 !9 EEM !

E

!56# ' )6 %#!%' T0 0 E !!

"' (%!# -H1)(&' ?*!- 0 !09< E A <!

#$ !# ' )6 %#!%' 0 9 < E E ? <

*'#%!# ' )6 %#!%' 2 0 E9E

(U!# ' )6 %#!%' $' M!#&(5

& ?)$:'

0 EM !

?< < M

$'*)-!# ' ?)$:' (56('$%

0 9E " !

E E E

(49)

O/

!6-! << &<[6 E ! E ? 1±K E? R 8O± 9 ?

# W DD='

# W G=M'

# W BB>='

# W NB<' # W GBG' 8# WBB='

. # WB<M>'

G # W<<DC'

O # WGN'

1 # WFM>D'

:)#!# /.8 /8. //. //GG //O //// //8/ //.. ///8 //GG

!56# /./ /.8 /OG. /G. /.. ///G /8O /. /// /O

"' (%!#

-H1)(&' ?*!- //// //// //8/ //O // //// //O //G //// //8

#$ !# //// //// //// /.8/ /..G //// //O /8. ///8 /...

*'#%!# //// //// //// //G // //// //. /8/ ///G /8G

"' (%!# $'

M!#&(5 &

?)$:'

//8 // /8. //GO //G //8O //./ ///O //// //G

$'*)-!#

?)$:' /8 /. /.O //GO //O //8G //8 ///. //// //GO

(50)

O8

!6-! <F T 76

! ? '5"'#%!5$%' B GC>NX < FF>=X

:)#!# J/G J/G/

!56# //O /O

"' (%!# -H1)(&' ?*!- /O8 /G/

#$ !# /O8 /GO

*'#%!# /O. /.

"' (%!# $' M!#&(5 & ?)$:' J/O/ /G

$'*)-!# ?)$:' J/O. /G8

343 33 536 530 537 538 , 9. )* )+, )+ )-, )-)., . ., --, + )* )+ )- . - + *

(:)#! <F*!0 E

± R @$±

R@±R1 ± R1

± 1R8JO± 9

(51)

O.

( *) 8'

7E 6

< #S #.//G' ?

< <[6 0 ? 9 0 E ! E1 E" E <

! <[E?"

< 0 ? ! E?

? \\ \S\ 0\\S#Z 8R5"

R1 8R@M RP !" 8R.//.R@!.//'

9 ? < E

" ! <[6 <

? E <M !M

1 0 !

! " <

! E + ? E"?

0 < M

\ #Z 8R.//.R@!.//'

! ? <9 0 9<

E<[6 ?

0 !< E ?

!K !<

<[6 ?

0\\SSS<<0\

S 9<

E ? < 0 0\\S

\S\ < ! <[6 #@M

(52)

OG

1

<[< <[6E?

"< !

\ "? ?

9 .G#? ' <

E < < 8 O 0

<0 ! !6

\ #S 8/R 5" 8R .//.R +!R & R

VRR7 .//'

gE " < 9< ? ?

A 6

! < ! ! E

!E ! ! ! <

<9 0 E

! E !?

!

E #@ R 5$R X R : 8R "MR : R : .//OR

*"R5R*".//OR: .//O'

E <9

E E ! ?

<9 E S 0\\S

9< E 0S

< H E <9 E

? !!#@ 8R@.//.'

K ?

E M ! ! E

"? E?<0

! ?K < 8

#5"

(53)

OO ?

0 !

0 M

0 E "?

M ! 1

9 !0 <9

0 0

0 6 ? ? < " 0 0 D#R&MR@:".//8RP.//.R5RPL.//'

! E "!% 3

1 ? !6

? E!?

!6 ! !6 \

! !60\ E

E"? 3 <

1 <0 E

#W8GR:"8RS8'

0 E 6

! < M E

! ! E 9 !<

! !

E E 6

<9 ?E 0\\S

SS0S

! " E E

9< < K! !E

E<

(54)

O

E ? !6

\S\ "? E #@M

8R@!.//'

7 !6 \\ ? EA !

! EJ

< ? !6 !E <9 7

E ? !

" < S

A ! E < ? E #5"8RPQE

8/'

! K! !

E M ! <9

"B ! ?E !

" < ? ! g 0< < ! 0A < ! E

!K? 0 E

\\ !

I 9 A E ?

0 I #PQE8/'

7 !

! 0 !O

" "E?0 ? <

9 <9 0 < <

E A

(55)

O

E? "<

? <

E

8 1*:71+R&*1W:1*R@+:PS1"A $" "

M $(5!- 2!,(')# .OOGJ8 .//8

. 1*33R&7*14V+R@7*4*R57*117@+R

*@7:T@R@17:+75" #S

#P$%& 'LM !" " E

$E !'*('6('-':Q O/..GJG/.//.

G 5:P*::1R1*14VV7=&3$" " LM

" \\ S/')#$!- '? $ *%

2!,('# 88JG8

O/0"12((3(45/67)008/(9(/:;$ :;:<

: $ : << $)$= $

<) $ :/ ( >((80??0@4(?(3874(8(A/"

#'(:;<5=<,9,><,=5&9>/ ,.<+/.>=5=:<(+?/><@

,/33A=B/#C19<./45/,.=-,=/3@ 3?>/

$ +..B((C(B+)DD(

52*@RP7S*==+J! ! E$"

%"! J !$(5!- 2!,(')# /GJOO.//

+@*X7*:R&7*14V+RV73:=&:R1*33R71114

V1!$" " J !\ ##

(56)

O VVV2+41@+R@7*4*7 ?'#5(:! *'#%!&(#! 1@+

V 7@ 8T @X% &"T 8G..

*1PV=*@R:4VT+3R:@2V:*4 ! $ J !

##P$%& % '% E

"! /')#$!- '? $ *% 2Q ('-':Q /8J 8.//O

P*1XR1*:71+RP114W:&VS1M ! J

!*%! %2'-':(*! 8J88.//.

8/ PdVV75V*5RS4V:7172 !$% 8+E !@%P

2 $38/G.

88 W2:1\7T1\!! " ! *%! ''-':(*!

(--'!$! 8.J88G

8. VV4*R7V4T4*3:&! !!$

% !E "+! 5 $ *%

'*(!)U OGJG..///

8G @1X71@R+2**4+*XE E"

!J!L !!$!&(!$ $%'5'-':( % 8GO8JO.//

8O @*141@@R57]1RX4:V@11@=R:4VT**X $

&& V J+ !1L3J+S3$" /')#$!- '? $ *% 2Q ('-':Q .88.8J8.8

8 @]PJ121:=(-':$(! & -' %%($( Q5$ '#5(*(&! )$ !"'#%

!- *'$'*(5($%' & -! 2'#5(:! ?)$:H,'#! 81#'J2 : E598

8 @2VV*2X ! %J " " J !$E 2 5#(*!$ !%)#!-( % 8/

J.//.

8 @2VV*2XR+2**4+*R:+P2V1\1*R@:*@

@R@VV7+P1" ! " J ! 2 V)!#%#-Q

(57)

O 8 @2VV*2XRX**71@R1@WR:4_VR:+P2V1\1*

1" ! $$)!- ,(T ($ *'-':Q ,'-)%('$ !$&

Q %5!%(* GGJ.//

8 @2*W@41RP4X:P4:: ! L

\S\ 0\\SL " " !

E /')#$!- '? %2'-':Q 888J.8

./ Z241V1*=R+P**11=@* :E3 :$E

5LV J+ !$AJ7 #* "'4&&!

*'-':(*!- $%'5'-':Q ..88J8/8

.8 *71P:R577@:@==R*7:1PV:&!$ E$

J ! " !!Q*'-':(*!- !#*2 8/88/8J 8/.//O

.. :+P2V1\1*R@4**"$! $ " !J!L ! #P$%& % 'E"! " "

Q %5!%(* $%'5'-':Q ./OGGJG/8

.G :4VT-?!S!5(-! 5!-%! $' (56('$% /JJJS

($:# '--# )*'*'"#($! :!#(*!*! $[ ($$!) %%($(

'#5(*(&!.//O#'J21:3* +:3.//O

.O S11**=WR:+P2V1\1*R@4**3"$!$ !J!L ! # E 'E1<"!$'-*)-!# 2Q-':$%(*

!$& ,'-)%('$ 8O.JO8

. S4V:717+ VE V J+#P$

& '8"73 J:A2!,('#!- *'-':Q !$&

'*('6('-':Q .8OGJ88/

(58)

O

< ±

)5'

7 E! ! ! < 0 D<

E 9 9 ?

9 !3

0 !6 E

EM E"

? !6%

17 E< A9 ! ED E < ! % ! !

E DE E? E 1 !

(59)

/

A E E

!6 ! E 3 E ! E E< H < ! < ! !DE < A 0 ? I! E < ! H A I ? E? E A ! 0 < E?" I 3K

? !6 E? E

0 ? E

? "!E?

!

$%#'&)78'

7 ? 9 <

M E !D E"

" E ! < < 6 E" " ? <0 EE ! 9 0 AE? D I #S" R S" 8R 3 R T 8RPQERS 8/'

(60)

8

E 0 E 1 K 0 E 9< A #S"8R3 8'

! !E 9 @$ E

E

E !9 < #SE 8R @" 8R @R + R :"R R @" .//8'

D ! E !?

! ? !6

0 !6 \[

"! ! X8 <

:0 "M !

0 " < A ? A !! 9 0 9 E K #SE 8R 5 R +"8OR+"R*"R:"R@8OR:"R@ 8RSR :"R@ 8R@" 8'

! ! "0 M 9I 0 A9 9E

0 ? < 6 1

E < ! ! #PQE8/R5"R1 8R@.//.R:" .//G'

(61)

.

8/R:"8RS8R@M RP !" 8R@.//.R @M .//O'

E E

B ! !!<9E E9<9 ! ! " ! E ! EA BE M6<6 < #S"8OR3 8R:" .//G'

! 9 & E? E < < 9 0 #PQE8/R5"8R@M 8R:" .//G'

!? < ? "

D ! E 6 I E0 <

" ? 6 ! 9 3 ! ! E 9 ! EJ9 E B < ! B 0 #PQE8/'

6 0 A < #' #' ! E A

! A 0 ? % V

#SV\\[IVV$\[ JVV$ #] $V#V

#V+? "0

(62)

G

2 A

!6 ! !A !6?

E ! E E 0 E ! < 0 E ! E EM D< 7 < E ! 0 #SE 8R R @R:"R1.///R@.//8R MMR5.//G'

" E ! 6 7

" ? E

!!6 0 !

7ED<6 B E !! <E ! # .///R MM.//G'

DA E ! E ""E ! EM E" 0 !6 ! ! E0 E E?

!%#(!- I%'&'

GB '-J$(! )%(-(K!&!

1 "

1 +

4: 21:3* +#..U.GNOOG/F:OUG.N.GFS' 0 E 9 2EE :3 #.G .N

(63)

O

I " 0 ! I " ! ! H 9 !E #& !.8'

! " " ? M ! ED !

!9 1

" #$%V' "#5V'

G< 6 #,!7L 1)!$%(?(*!7L &' *'5"'#%!5$%'

ED A9 ! #::&'#& !..' M JH9 J 1T! 9

ED " 0 < 9 M !&E " 0! !?!6 0 ! TP: < & /"E?

< ED ! K < E 0 <[6 +$\[VJ? ! E <[6

(64)

$A-( %!%H %(*!

+D E D D A 0 E ? ?!5 O/

+ ? ? E

? E E

)-%!&'

1 G/ " ED 8G 8.O/ ! E 0 EG8

<[

<[6 /O ! E ! /8O/8O.7 <[ A ! /// ! A //. ? K! I E ! E ! E? E E? #1EG.'

7 <[

/.O ! A /./ 7 <[ E !///8! E !///7 ? K! A ! E? E E? #1EG.'

<[

(65)

! ///G ! I E /// A E? #1EG.'

1 <[

/. ! /. 7 <[ I ///.! A !///G A E? #1EG.'

<[

/O! E? E /8.7 <[ A ! ///G ! I /// A E? #1EG.'

1! <[

/G ! ? K! /8/8.7 <[ E !///8! I A ! ///.///O

A E? E

E? #1EG.'

Z 9 8

0 9 <[ /8 ! ? K! ////G7 <[ I !E///8 ? #1EG.'

(66)

E A ! E !E !#1EG.'

3G <[ //G! //G 7 <[ ///8 ! A !E ! ///.///GI E ! E#1EG.'

3O <[ //.7 <[ A9 B!6 9 ///. I A !E !E ! E8 <

8. ! O

< 8O #1EG.'

6 ! < M

E E E A9 A

6 I A ! 0 9

0 A /Y E E 7 ? <[6 A E !E ! E? E 7 ? <[6 A E ! 7 6 ? <[6 A9 B!6 9#1EGG'

!0

!E

(67)

! < #& !G8'

7 ! E 1

< E

B E ! ? K E? E #& !G8'

7 K ! ? E ?

E A <[6 BE !6 E? E E? E"<"0 #& !G8'

(68)

!6-! FB% E ?

'5"'#%!5$%' *#(78'

(5"K! 0 ! E E !

#!$ "'#% 0 9E

"

$%$!# *#(! 0

-(5$%!78' )$:'

0 ! A9 9E! !

-(5$%!78' #'?!-!U(!

0 A ! E "9E! E E<!9< <? !

5'78' &' 5*J$('

K 9 Z 0 EA !E A

#'?!-!U(! "#'*%'&!- -!#,!

" ?E ! 9< K < ! ? ! 0 <A

#'?!-!U(! "#'*%'&!- ")"!

3 ! 9< K ? E < E? ! ? ! 0

)UH-(' Y 5#:+$*(!

0 E 9 ! <

$(*(!# *'6#%)#! & ?)$:' 0 E < ? K! ! EE?J

!$%# *'6#%)#! & ?)$:' 0 E

!<E 9E

5',# *'6#%)#! & ?)$:' +A9 9E0 !<E M !

#!$ 5(%(# 6!*%I#(! (56('$%

(69)

/

!6-! F<% <[6 ? 1± K E

? R 8O± 9 ?

'5"'#%!5$%'

#WMG='

#WG=G'

#WBDND' #WB<B=' 1 #WF<B='

1

#WFMB<' 8#WBC<M'

.

#W>DN' G#W>N<' O#WBDG'

(5"K! /8O // /8.O /. /// // //G //88 ///8 ////

#!$ "'#% //// //.O //8 //8 //G. /8. //O //O //G ///

$%$!# *#(! /O /.O /// /. /O /G /8 // //G //.

-(5$%!78' //// //// /8/O //O/ /8// /8 // // //8 ///O

#'?!-!U(! //G /./ //// //// //// //// //// //// //// ////

5'78' &' 5*J$(' //// //8/ /// ///. /// ///. ///8 ///8 //// ////

#'?!-!U(! "#'*%'&!- -!#,!

//. //.O //. //8/ //. //O8 //8 /// //8/ ///

#'?!-!U(! "#'*%'&!- ")"!

/// //// ///G ///G ///G ///O ///. //// ///. ////

)UH-(' Y 5#:+$*(! // //.. //O // //OG //G/ //88 /// /// ///.

$(*(!# *'6#%)#! /8O. //8O /8. //G8 // /8G. //GG /// // ///

!$%# *'6#%)#! //// /// /// //. //G8 //. //. //// ///G ////

5',# *'6#%)#! //// ///8 //8G //. //8/ ///8 ///8 //// //// ////

(70)

8

!6-! FF%T6 76

! ?

/(E /(*

/(+

/(- 5(

(<

(

/ 5;

)*, )* )+, )+ )-, )-)., . ., --, +

)* )+ )- . - + * E

(:)#! FB% !0 E

8JO± 9 R±R@$±

R@±R1 ± R1± 1

'5"'#%!5$%' B #D=MNX' < #<GF=X' F BNB=X

(5"K! /G. J/8G J/.

#!$ "'#% //. /GO. J/O/

$%$!# *#(! /8 J/O8 /GO

-(5$%!78' )$:' /. /.8 /.O

-(5$%!78' #'?!-!U(! J/8.O J/. J//.

#'?!-!U(! "#'*%'&!- -!#,! /G J/.8 J/8.

)UH-(' Y 5#:+$*(! /. //8 //8

$(*(!# *'6#%)#! & ?)$:' /G. // /GO/

!$%# *'6#%)#! & ?)$:' /O8 /// J/..

5',# *'6#%)#! & ?)$:' //O. J/8 J/./G

(71)

.

( *) 8'

0 <!% ! ? K! A I A9 B !6 9R B E ! E !RD E 0 A !R E? E

7 ! ! E ? ! 7 6 < M ! !6 E9 ? 9 & #PQE8/'

DA ! < ? K! A 7 0 E !K? E ?! E

A K E

? !6 !< " ! 4 E E" E?? 0!<

E M ! <

E #S" 8OR PQE 8/R SE 8R :" .//GR@M .//O'

7 !E

?

(72)

G

A 4 < ! EA !

!6 3 #W

8GR @ 8R @$"J1 8R :" 8R R 5 R ]8RS8'

! E !?

< "!3 9EI 0E A ! E! 3

"!1 9E ! E

K9<6 " ! E 0E A ! K #S"8ORS"8R:"8'

7 I A9 B !6 0 ! E 9 @$ ! <[6 EA ? I ? < A9 B!6 M ! 0 #PQE 8/R :" .//G'

7 B E ! M0

E? E !6A

$ E"0 A E

! <0 E ! E < M 7 < E ! " ! 6 0 < #SE8R.///R@.//.R MM.//G'

7< BE ! 0 E ? < E E ! < ! < < E < E < 0\\S $S SV

(73)

O

A! D4!<? E E !

* < ! E ! " E 0 0 " " ! < 9 <[6 < ! E ? ! E #* "R3R M "R= R 5 .//'

7 DE 0 <

M0 ! !

E < ! EH < 0 ! ! J 9 I #PQE 8/R 5"8R:" .//G'

A 0 E!K ? ! ? ! ! 7E <E 0 ?! ! E E I #S" 8R PQE8/R5"8R:" .//GRV.//'

3 E A 0 ! E? E 7 K A

! ? E ? !6SV < !

E A !

0 "0 M?!

E < 9 ! < 9E I #PQE 8/'

7 E? E !63V

E E 0SV\\[1 \\[

(74)

! !? ! A "! E? #+ .//GR+ R+ .//'

! 3 "! E? < 90 ! !

"! E?

< 0 #+ R :R :E R @" 8R + R 3R@"R5R5 .//'

!1 ! "!

3V ? E \\[ E?

9! E $\[

E 90 < <E$

E 3VM ! B

90 #+ .//'

8 @:*@@R@2VV*2XR:+P2V1\1*R17*15!J

% !!E$0J\[

!%)#T( $ *2!?%$ 8.OJO.///

. 5::@R+P**11=@1"* V J+ !SM

#P$& ' &!X@ *'-':(*!- $%'5'-':Q

8G.8J../8O

G 5:P*::1R1*14VV7=&3$" " LM " \\[VSV/')#$!- '? $ *%

2!,('# 88JG8

O +&*7@=R+2**4+*3"$! $ E L " !J!L !!$!&(!$ /')#$!- '? (*#'6('-':Q

(75)

+@*X7*:RV73:=&:R&7*14V+5" LM LLMJ<JLM

#V#V&888#P$& '/')#$!- '? ""-(& $%'5'-':Q 8G/8J/.//

+P3V4PR*P1*:R:+P2V1\1*R@2VV*2X

$" $ "$E EL !J!L !" !

*($* .88J8O8O

+2**4+*R372V:1@R@11PVV=R577@:@==R54VV1= +$A ! E !J!L !

*($* G888JG.//

+2**4+*R:+711=R:2@@*5VV*+R@VV7+P&!J !L ! E J !E !!

!%)# G/8J/O8

+2**4+*RS71X5R:12*1R:+P2V1\1*R*P1*:R @2VV*2X " J E

$E *($* .GJG.//G

8/ 4=W:1*@5R577@:@=='SJ\VS"#3 %

'%!J \\[\[ !J!L !

!%)#T( $ *2!?%$ /8.J8.//G

88 414\=V@R5*17+*&R]@@717+45 !$ %S

" ! " % E ! !J$E

!%)#T( $ *2!?%$ ./J.O8

8. PdVV75V*5RS4V:7172 !$% 8+E !@%P 2 $38/G.

8G W2:1\7T1\!! " ! *%! ''-':(*!

(--'!$! 8.J88G

8O V73:=&:RP2XP:S7PR+@*X7*:R&7*14V+V

E $\[ J !$ *% '*(!)U .

(76)

8 @]PJ121:=(-':$(! & -' %%($( Q5$ '#5(*(&! )$ !"'#% !- *'$'*(5($%' & -! 2'#5(:! ?)$:H,'#! 81#'J2 : E598

8 @7&&11@S5" "!J$3#

#P$%& '%L " $ *%

'*(!)U GGOOOOJO8

8 @7PV4:2"! $ " ! " $SV,( %! & *'-':(! !%($'S5#(*!$! G8J8

8 @2VV*2X ! %J " " J !$E 2 5#(*!$ !%)#!-( % 8/ J.//.

8 @2VV*2XR+2**4+*R:+P2V1\1*R@:*@

@R@VV7+P1" ! " J ! 2 V)!#%#-Q

,(T '? ('-':Q .8J8.//8

./ @21W+:45R31==RT4VV:13R@2VV*2XR5V+WSVV @R@+V2XPV41=+! " "E$ !J!L !#'*&($: '? %2 'Q!- '*(%Q '? '$&'$

.88J8..//O

.8 @2*W@41RP4X:P4:: ! L

\S\[VV0\\SL " " !

E /')#$!- '? %2'-':Q 888J.8

.. 31*V4*:RT41:71:5+ $ "!

!E" Q*2 OGJGO8

.G *4+P*&=R372V:1@R*4=&P721&R=71:XR577@:@== : $ " LME ! $ $\[\[ !J!L !/')#$!- '? 25(*!- *'-':Q GG8...8J....//

(77)

. :+P2V1\1*R@4**"$! $ " !J!L ! #P$%& % 'E"! " "

Q %5!%(* $%'5'-':Q ./OGGJG/8

. S5*1&!J!L !*($* 8GGGJ/O8

. S11**=WR:+P2V1\1*R@4**3"$!$ !J!L ! # E 'E1<"!$'-*)-!# 2Q-':$%(* !$& ,'-)%('$ 8O.JO8

. SPV*X+1"V "&!JXL !5#(*!$ (&-!$&

!%)#!-( % O/GOJ8O

. SPV*X+RSPV*=% L$" 5'(# '? %2 $%'5'-':(*!- '*(%Q '? R! 2($:%'$ 8J8/8

(78)

F ±

)5'

2 S ! ! E ! ! ! ?

S " S SH 9SI 1E"S 0 S? E EM S S? E !

< S S E ED

S A JHS"!

9 ! S0 S? E

S S " <[6 SS !3 S " <[

S? E < S? <[ 6

S? E ! <[6 SS0

SSES ! E

(79)

/ S" D 7 " S? ! SS0 ! <! E! A 6 S0 S S" D

$%#'&)78'

S? !S S " #! ' < ? SS"# 'S IS

SSS S I

" ? S0S I ? < S S0 M SS" D#PdVV75V*S 8/'

S " S? A D

! S S" S S

S? AS "S S0 S !S? E " S"! DS0 ?S " E? S #5 E 8OR PdVV75V* S 8/R&0J@9R\ S .//O'

SI ? ?S 9 6 "< ES IS

E SS S0 ?

ES E A ! S? E 6

S" D S0 S "S ! 7

"S I S

#PdVV75V*S 8/'

! E ! E 9 @$

S!S ! S?<

(80)

8 9 E #PdVV75V*S 8/R&0J @9R\ S .//O'

7!6E ! S " :EJ

< ! IS EE ! B S? " S " " <

S ? SS K 8 < H

S " "K E " S ?" 1H !! ! E <AI ! ESI S ! E 9< !E E

S 6 S S0 E K !

S AS" !

S S" S S J ! "

#PdVV75V*S 8/RV @ 8G'

S 6 I $?SS 9

9SS SSS0

? SS I S 1 "

6S" "#V @ 8G' 7 !6 E 6E ! S E" S?EJ<S S

$ 6 SS <"S

! " S

ES !? "!6E

< E S S !

#&0J@9R\ S .//OR&0J@9.//'

7S "E??S"

M0 E< 6!6$\[SS"!

(81)

. ASSJ <S " " ! ! ? < ! ! ! " AS !S S

!6S"S EM E"

S S " E

9 SS S0 S SD

S

!%#(!- I%'&'

GB '-J$(! )%(-(K!&!

1 " $SVJ SV 0\\S S 0\V SV

\\[IVV \\[S1 +

4 : 4 5 6 21:3 * + +S 2 0 = : #..U.GNOOG/F:OUG.N.GFS' M ! "S0

I " EE SS

S S0 ! S <S S M !

S S S " !

! H 9S ! ES S S

#& !.8'

7 ! 0\\S S $SVJ SV 0\V

SV !9 \\[ IVV

\\[S1 S

G< 6 #,!7L 1)!$%(?(*!7L &' *'5"'#%!5$%'

(82)

G JS 1T !9 #& !..'

7 S "E S

! < 9S 9 M !

3 SESE<I S S 9 S ! TP: S S < & 8./"E

< ED ! K <

S ES S0

<[6 SS 7 S " E

\VSV\\[S17S B 6

E 0\\S S$SVJSV 0\V

SVS " E$SVJ

SV0\VSV\\[S1\\[IVV

)-%!&'

& S " ! O.GGS S E0 EO8

1 SE S S0 0\VSV J

S "///.S <[ " EM !/.O! S /. 7 S <[ E //.

SSSE E !

S " <[ < SS0 #1EO.'

(83)

O <[ 6 S/.G! SSS E E S /8 /88 7 S <[ //88 ! <S "S 6 <[< SS0 #1EOG'

S SV K S "

S S0 S <[6 //G S <[ " E /G.G ! S S/.7S <[ //G. E S

SSE ! S " 6S " <[< ? " S< 6 < "#1EOO'

1 SE S \\[S1 S

" SS0 /8GG S <[ " /.G7S <[ //G 7S SSE E#1EO.'

7S "\\[S1

SS0 S/8S <[ " E M ! /.G <[ ! E // 7

S SS E

E#1EOO'

1 SE S $SVJSV K S

6E SS0 S

(84)

<[< SS0 #1E OG'

3 S? E S

" S S0 7 S <[

" S/G! SM !/G8

7 S <[ M !

/8/1 ES SSE !"S? <SS#1EOO'

1SE S\\SSS

6 SS0 S//G7 S <[ 6 /G/ <[ //8. ! S SSE//8 !S <[< SS0 #1EOG'

1 SE S \\[ IVV S

<[ " S S0 S /88 7 S <[ " E

M ! /.8 ! S E /88 7 S

<[ M !

// S? S SS

(85)

!6-! DB% SE "

S SVJ SV 0\V SV 0\\S S

\\[IVV\\[S1

'5"'#%!5$%' *#(78'

-(5$%!78' S0 "S S

! SE

(5"K! 9 S0 E !S "

5'6(-(&!& " E ! EM

$&!# '6# ' M!#&(5 & ?)$:' "S! S SM !

'-(*(%!78' & !-(5$%'

"S

S0 <"S !9E

!

-(5$%!78' &(#%!5$% &' M!#&(5

& ?)$:'

" M

! E !

9ES !

)%' -(5"K!

" S S

S S S SE

2 S S S !0 S

E !0!

)(&!&' *'5 ! *#(! " ! <SSE S0

#"!#!78' &' )6 %#!%' ! 6E S EM

(86)

!6-! D< <[6 S " S

1±KS E

'5"'#%!5$%' 0\WCDC S \WCG= \[ " ',

-(5$%!78' ///8 /8GG

(5"K! ///. ///

5'6(-(&!& //. /8/

$&!# '6# ' M!#&(5 & ?)$:' /.O //G

'-(*(%!78' & !-(5$%' /. /.G

-(5$%!78' &(#%!5$% &' M!#&(5 &

?)$:' //OG //G

)%' -(5"K! /.8 /8/

)(&!&' *'5 ! *#(! /8O //G

#"!#!78' &' )6 %#!%' //// ////

!6-! DF <[6 S 6

S 1±KS E

'5"'#%!5$%' 0\\S " WMBM

$SJS

WBCN

0\S

WB=CG

-(5$%!78' //8. //// ///8

(5"K! //G /// //8

5'6(-(&!& //O //. /88

$&!# '6# ' M!#&(5 &

?)$:' /8 /.G /8.

'-(*(%!78' & !-(5$%' //8. //// //88

-(5$%!78' &(#%!5$% &' M!#&(5

& ?)$:'

/8G/ // /8O

)%' -(5"K! /.8 /.8 /.G

)(&!&' *'5 ! *#(! /G/ /O8G //

#"!#!78' &' )6 %#!%' //8 //OO /8

(87)

!6-! DD <[6 S "S

1±KS E

'5"'#%!5$%' $SJ

SWF>

0\

S WGCF

\\[ "

', W<FF \WB=G \[

-(5$%!78' //// //// //G8 //.

(5"K! //// //G /8 /88

5'6(-(&!& /.88 /G.G /8/ /88

$&!# '6# '

M!#&(5 & ?)$:' /G8 /8.. /.G /.8

'-(*(%!78' &

!-(5$%' //// //G. /8G. /8GG

-(5$%!78' &(#%!5$% &'

M!#&(5 & ?)$:'

/8/ /8 // //

)%' -(5"K! /G /. /8 /8/

)(&!&' *'5 !

*#(! //// //// //// ////

#"!#!78' &'

)6 %#!%' //// //// //// ////

( *) 8'

S S? E 9 @$ ! E S S " S <S E

7 " S E

<[6 S S S0

<[6 S "\VSV

SE ESE S?AE A

<[6 S ? " S ! E 9 E 3 @$ <A S S0 " S? E E

(88)

! <[6 E??E" S ! E 9 E #&8OR= 8.'

\\[S1S "

<[ S? S

S : " < I ! " S SE? E

SS SS0 S 4 <6

E ?S0 "

S S0 S <

S S #5 E 8OR V @ 8GR &0J @9.//O'

P0 E? 6 " S? E S0 E0\VSV\\[S1<

" S SS? S9 I < " S S? ! "SS S9 <S S0 "S !

S S0 S #5 E 8OR PdVV75V* 8/R

V 8GR&0J@9.//O'

7 S B 6 ! S "

" <[6 S ? < <[6 S SS0 S E< 6E SSS0 < "

$SVJSV0\VSV0\\SS

E SJ < 6 !

6 < E " MS S? E S ! 6E " E SS S0 4 <

S? 6 S ! !

(89)

/ ?S 6S? E

SS0 SSES

! E S "

E ! !S?M0 " ES

! E 9 3 < < S S SE#&8O'

SS0 < 6S S < S I < S? I J "S "SE E S0JS ! E #&8OR&0J@9.//O'

"S6 SS? E

<[6 S S9 <[6 S SES?

\\[?" S #PdVV75V*

S 8/RV @ 8G'

3" S

SS E < <[S 6 4S

AS S " ! S0

(90)

8

5\4*5 @ Z J:A #P$ &' 5" ! S +$'5"% $&) 6&'5!&!(# & !$* & - *!&5( & *($* #( .8OS8./8J8./O8O

VVV2+41@+R@7*4*7 ?'#5(:! *'#%!&(#! 1@+ V 7@ 8T @X% &"T 8G..S

&*1b1\J@*c1 PR \4@@*@1 = WRS+4:V7 S 1 ! $ < E " !J!L ! #P$S & '('-':(*!- /')#$!- '? %2 ($$!$ '*(%Q 8SGJO.//O

&*1b1\J@*c1 PR \4@@*@1 = WR S+4:V7 S 1R*P1* : +$ " !S"$ E !J!L !

\SVV #P$S% & '/')#$!- '? !%)#!- ( %'#Q G

./S8GJ8OG.//

&*:127 S: J: 3 1SJ

7E $#P$& 3 '$ *% '*(!)U G8OSGJ O/.8O

PdVV75V*5RS4V:7172 !$% 8+E !@%P2 $ 38/G.S

=4::71 3R &*:12 R 1]V7* * SRV174* : J7! :3 81"$ J@S+M$ *% '*(!)U GOSO.JOG8.

(91)

.

Z

SS E !

"!% 3 S S !6 0\\S $SVJ 0\SV1 SS!6 E J<

"! ! SE ! S

! "0 SA / "D ! " E

"! D ! ! S < < ! ! #W 8GR

:"@$8RS8R:"5$.//'

E S ! ?

! E E! !SS ?!

< ! A 9"0E 9S S

S S 0 #PdVV75V*S 8/R

V @ 8GR@.//8'

7S E"

S S ! 7 !

S ! ! S?

E S

7SSSE9

! SS S

!!< ! !

(92)

G ! " " S

E! S "<S <

EEM0 S SS !

E SS#T !.//O'

S S9 S E!

I S0 SS !

0S ! M ?

S S SS! #V7 .///'

S E! I S

<S? E SSE E" SS ! S ?S <

! < ! " S

! $SVJSV < ! 9 3

\S\[ !S VV < !

E E" E S

#@M P !" 8R*JV.//R@!+ .//'

i < ! S

S E SA 9

S ? < S E"S S

SS ! ?< <S <

MS9< !#5"1 8R

.//8'

E?S S

! !<! ! E ?

<S? "!3 S A !

< < ! 4 ? ! !6%S <

!6S B E 5S" < ? 0A SEA ! ! <

" ! 7 ? "! 3 ! ! SE ! E < ! <

S? ?9 # 8R@

(93)

O 1 S ! E

<SSSE !S

? " !

E S S9S S E

E" 0\VSV E"S S? E #@.//8R: J3 " .//OR*JV.//'

S ! ! S

? !S S

!! ! ? < SM !

6 S E#@" 8R@

.//8'

7 S ? SD A

S? ! ! < ES

S S S ! <D S

E?< S < S SS S

9 ! !<S0 S E

S? ! S B 9 E! <

SDE

7 S S B 9 E!

E! ! !< S? S

M B ! !

7 ! S B D < SD

E S S M B

! S

! ? S S

ES SS ?< !

9MSM?S9

S S S ! S? SS #M.//'

!S S5LS #8'

! E T < ! 9E

(94)

S? E S B S 6E

A E S " 6 S !

H <9E!

A < C! "F < < "S S

S

7 ! ! S

PdVV75V* S #8' ! E 5

:!$ E < ! S S

9S ! <SE S ! ? SS S !

! S9 ? SS6

! S S

A S !5

#88'ESD E! !6\[5 J2E

#8' E !6 SV 3L #.//' E SD

E! ! E 9 1 E" SH ! SS ! S?A S ! !

! S E <

SDS A S? M <

C F S S? SD <

! #WE 8G' !

S E" S #8' !

< ! "0E S < S

SS < < < !

0

! E K S T J1

#.//' < S S0

" ! gE " < ! " !

A S0 < E ! ! SS

? " < S S! !<! !

(95)

<DS ! ! S<

! S E SE" !

#"!#!78' &' )6 %#!%' "!#! ' *)-%(,' &' ?)$:' (56('$%

S S ESSES? E

B ? < E A <[6

S <9 7 E ? S S

D E! S? S

S!S E#+S9.'

7<9 S S%S ?

K! S !?SS 9<

E E ! ? ! E ?

SS

S S ?S9 ! ! ! S S ! < 0J

! A S ! S S? E #@ 8R : .//R *"R 5 * .//O' 7 E E" <S !E S9< S< ! K! S<

!

3 !S !SS

! K! !" S 0J E ! ! S? E S

" E E?

M SSSE

? ! ! < <9 S ! !

Referências

Documentos relacionados

O petróleo existe na Terra há milhões de anos e, sob diferentes formas físicas, tem sido utilizado em diferentes aplicações desde que o homem existe. Pela sua importância, este

Estudos sobre privação de sono sugerem que neurônios da área pré-óptica lateral e do núcleo pré-óptico lateral se- jam também responsáveis pelos mecanismos que regulam o

Tabela 8 – Comparativo entre rankings de setores segundo índices de especialização regional para os anos de 2000, 2007 e 2012.. Fonte:

Embora haja poucos estudos sobre os efeitos do ciclo menstrual na hidratação da pele, Muizzuddin et al (2005) mediram a hidratação da pele, utilizando a

Finalizando a análise dos resultados desta pesquisa, os gestores apontaram quais fatores dificultam a apropriação e a utilização dos resultados do SADEAM pelos

Usamos algumas hipótese sobre a convergência da média de funções ao longo das trajetórias do sistema perturbado (Hipóteses H1 e H2) as quais são naturais na maioria dos

Até a década de 1970, não havia vestígios de interesse de posseiros na região, até mesmo porque essa realidade começa a se despertar no Brasil a partir da década de 1960, fato

Transforma - se, assim, numa alterna t iva útil que, de acordo com Meyer (199S) ,envolve entusiasmo, criatividade e flexibilidade no pro -.. cesso de ensino e aprendizagem