Importance of tropospheric volcanic aerosol for indirect radiative forcing of climate

The well- predicted aerosol quantities, such as aerosol number, mass composition and optical properties, and the inclusion of full aerosol-cloud couplings lead to

As a first step, the total e ff ects of clouds on aerosol radiative forcing is quantified through the di ff erence of all-sky minus clear-sky radiative forcings, shown for the

The number of aerosols that eventually activate into cloud droplets depends on the aerosol concentration, size distribution and chemical properties and on the updraft ve- locity,

Large variation in microphysical characteristics of the boundary layer clouds and the aerosol concentration were found, and in particu- lar the CDP cloud droplet number concentration

The model has been used to study the impact of aerosol direct radiative e ff ect on East Asian climate (Zhang et al., 2012a), direct radiative forcing of anthropogenic aerosols (Bond

P ¨oschl, U.: Aerosol- and updraft-limited regimes of cloud droplet formation: influence of par- ticle number, size and hygroscopicity on the activation of cloud condensation

Here we investigated the relationship between forcing and climate response for fires using a global Earth system model that included direct and semi-direct aerosol e ff ects.. In

fire aerosol radiative effect (RE) at TOA, radiative effects due to aerosol–radiation interactions (REari), due to aerosol–cloud interactions (REaci), surface-albedo changes (REsac)