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Uncertainties in SOA simulations due to meteorological uncertainties in Mexico City during MILAGRO-2006 field campaign

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Fig. 1. (a) WRF domain (red box is the WRF-CHEM domain) and (b) WRF-CHEM domain (red box indicated in a) and the observation sites for aerosol measurements in MCMA (red dot:
Fig. 2. Vertical distribution of the initial ensemble spread for (a) horizontal winds (u, v, m s −1 ), (b) temperature (T , K ), (c) pressure (p, hPa), and (d) water vapor mixing ratio (q, g kg − 1 ) using 3DVAR-method.
Fig. 3. The 500 hPa, 700 hPa geopotential heights and winds and surface winds and sea-level pressure at 12:00 CDT from GFS-FNL reanalysis data for 29 March (a, c, e), and 24 March (b, d, f) 2006
Fig. 4. Temporal evolution of (a) the surface [POA] and (b) [SOA] from each ensemble member (thin green lines), ensemble mean (bold black line), reference deterministic forecast (bold  or-ange line), and the best member (compare to observations) of the CTR
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