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543

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 35(5): 543-544, set-out, 2002.

IMAGENS EM DIP

Cervical spinal cord schistosomiasis

Esquistossomose da medula espinhal cervical

Luciana C.S. Silva1, Cleverson Martins Kill 2

and José Roberto Lambertucci1

1. Serviço de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias do Departamento de Clínica Médica da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG. 2. Hospital Santa Rita, MG.

Address to: Prof. José Roberto Lambertucci. Depto de Clínica Médica/FM/UFMG. Av. Alfredo Balena 190, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.

e-mail: lamber@net.em.com.br Recebido para publicação em 5/8/2002.

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544

Silva LCS et al

A 34 years old man, born and living in Minas Gerais state, Brazil, presented with cervical pain initiated on April 1998, followed by progressive difficulty in moving his upper and lower limbs that evolved in 10 weeks. There was no anal or urinary sphincter involvement. He was admitted to hospital with tetraparesis, tetraparesthesia and hypoesthesia at the level of C5. Blood counts, serum chemistry, and cerebrospinal fluid analyses were normal. Magnetic resonance imaging scans, obtained on May 29, revealed a widening of the cervical spinal cord from C1 to C7 and enhancement of the medullar signal on T2-weighted images. A fine, diffuse, nodular contrast enhancement on T1-weighted images after gadolinium administration was observed (Figure A – red arrows). He was submitted to posterior laminectomy with biopsy of the spinal cord. Histologic examination showed schistosomal granulomas (Figure B – an egg shell of S. mansoni surrounded by a granuloma; Gomori´s thricrome stain X400; Figure C – an egg shell without inflammatory response; the elements stained in green represent collagen tissue). The patient was treated with oxamniquine (15mg/kg, body weight, single dose) and prednisone (60mg/day, single dose), the latter for 2 months, with great improvement in strength and resolution of hypoesthesia. Paresthesia was maintained at the left arm and leg. A second magnetic resonance imaging scan was performed 4 months later. It showed still an enlarged spinal cord from C2 to C3. The clinical picture has been unchanged for the last 3 years. This is the fifth case of cervical spinal cord schistosomiasis reported in the literature.

O paciente, de 34 anos de idade, nascido e residente em Minas Gerais, Brasil, era sadio até abril de 1998, quando notou dor cervical, perda progressiva de força e dificuldade de movimentar os membros superiores que evoluiu durante 10 semanas. Não havia alterações de esfíncteres urinário e anal. Ao exame clínico, notou-se tetraparesia, tetraparestesia e hipoestesia ao nível de C5. O hemograma, os elementos químicos do soro e o exame do líquor mostraram-se normais. A ressonância magnética realizada em 29 de maio revelou alargamento da medula espinhal de C1 a C7 e aumento de intensidade do sinal medular nas imagens ponderadas em T2. Nas imagens em T1, após a administração de gadolinium, descreveu-se à impregnação nodular fina e difusa do contraste (Figura A – setas vermelhas). O paciente submeteu-se a laminectomia com biópsia da medula espinhal. O exame histológico revelou a presença de granulomas esquistossomóticos (Figura B – granuloma em torno da casca de ovo de S. mansoni; tricrômio de Gomori X400; Figura C – casca de ovo sem resposta inflamatória; as fibras colágenas coram-se em verde). Realizou-se o tratamento com oxamniquine (15mg/kg de peso em dose única) e prednisona (60mg/dia em dose única, por dois meses). Houve melhora da força e resolução da hipoestesia. Persistiu, entretanto, a parestesia em dimídio esquerdo. A segunda ressonância magnética, realizada 4 meses mais tarde, mostrou apenas alargamento da medula espinhal em C2 e C3. O quadro clínico manteve-se inalterado três anos após o tratamento. Este é o quinto caso de esquistossomose da medula espinhal cervical descrito na literatura.

REFERENCES

1. Amaral RS, Porto MAS. Evolução e situação atual do controle

da esquistossomose no Brasil. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 27 (supl III): 73-90, 1994.

2. Lambertucci JR, Serufo JC, Gerspacher-Lara R, Rayes AA,

Teixeira R, Nobre V, Antunes CM. Schistosoma mansoni: assessment of morbidity before and after control. Acta Tropica 77: 101-109, 2000.

3. Nobre V, Silva LC, Ribas JG, Rayes A, Serufo JC,

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