The efficiency of malaria chemoprophylaxis

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Σσηομ 7ομ, Σετχομ 3ο, Ιοτζιομ - ΢επτέηβλιομ 2008

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email: sarmar32@hotmail.com

REVIEW

The

efficiency

of

malaria

chemoprophylaxis

idi Maria , Pappa Vasiliki Sar

. RN, MSc,Faculty of Nursing, University of Athens

ABSTRACT

(3)

Σσηομ 7ομ,

Σετχομ 3ο, Ιοτζιομ - ΢επτέηβλιομ 2008

Purpose: This critical review was conducted, in order to respond to the following questions. A Which antimalarial regimen is most effective? B Which regimen is the safest for travelers in endemic regions? C Which regimen is b st tolerated? e

Methodology: The literature research was conducted through the )nternet. The Medline and Cinahl databases were used, as well as the search engines google, altavista and lycos. The research included articles that described clinical trials. The material was selected based on the aforementioned research questions and the chronological time limits.

Results: Atovaquone/proguanil, tafenoquine, primaquine were the most effective regimens. Tafenoquine, as well as, primaquine have been related to hemolytic events in individuals with G PD deficiency, gastrointestinal disorders, backache and flue‐like syndrome. Doxycycline and mefloquine were related to gastrointestinal and neurological disorders. Those were the less tolerated regimens.

Conclusions: Atovaquone/proguanil, tafenoquine, primaquine were the most effective regimens. As far as safety is concerned, tafenoquine and primaquine should not be prescribed to individuals with G PD deficiency. All the regimens were considered well tolerated, however, in doxycycline and mefloquine trials were the most withdrawals due to adverse effects.

Key words: malaria prophylaxis, malaria chemoprophylaxis, atovaquone ‐ proagunil, tafenoquine, primaquine, doxycycline, mefloquine

Key words: malaria prophylaxis, malaria chemoprophylaxis, atovaquone ‐ proagunil, afenoquine, primaquine, doxycycline, mefloquine

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CORRESPONDING AUTHOR Saridi Maria, e‐mail: sarmar @hotmail.com

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Number of malaria cases, by Plasmodium species United States, 2001,2002and 2003

Plasmodium species

2001 No %

2002 No %

2003 No % P.falciparum 693 50.1 699 52.3 682 53.4 P. vivax 385 27.8 339 25.4 293 22.9 P.malariae 62 4.5 38 2.8 46 3.6 P.ovale 50 3.6 37 2.8 33 2.6 Mixed 14 1.0 11 0.8 12 0.9 Undetemined 179 12.9 213 15.9 212 16.6

Total 1,383 100.0 1,337 100.0 1,278 100.0

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A New Primaquine Analogue,

Tafenoquine WR , for Prophylaxis against

Plasmodium falciparum Malaria

G. Dennis Shanks, Aggrey J. Oloo, Gladys M.

et.al,

The efficacy and tolerability of doxycycline and

mefloquine in malaria prophylaxis of the )SAF troops in Afghanistan

Alper Sonmeza,*, Ali (arlakb, Selim Kilicc t.al, ?

e Malaria chemoprophylaxis with tafenoquine: a

randomised study `

Bertrand Lell, Jean‐Fran ois Faucher, Michel Anoumou Missinou, et.al., Safety and Efficacy of Atovaquone and Proguanil

(ydrochloride for the Prophylaxis of Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in South Africa

J. Dirk van der Berg, MBChB,l Cornelia S. J.

Duvenage, et.al, ?

Randomized, Parallel Placebo‐Controlled Trial of pua, )ndonesia Primaquine for Malaria Prophylaxis in Pa

J. Kevin Baird, Mark D. Lacy, (asan Basri ,

et.al,

Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled Trial of

Atovaquone/Proguanil for the Prevention of Plasmodium

falciparum or Plasmodium vivax Malaria among Migrants

to Papua, )ndonesia

Judith Ling, , ,a J. Kevin Baird, David J. Fryauff, et.al,

Primaquine as Prophylaxis for Malaria for Nonimmune Travelers: A Comparison with Mefloquine and

Doxycycline

Eli Schwartz and Gili Regev‐Αochay,

A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Field Trial to Determine the Efficacy and Safety of Malarone,

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Atovaquone/ Proguanil for the Prophylaxis of Malaria in Βambia

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