Arctic climate response to forcing from light-absorbing particles in snow and sea ice in CESM

In both experiments the AMOC is intensified in the course of the solar radiation reduction, which is attributed to the thermal effect of the solar forcing: reduced sea

They are e-commerce security (confidentiality, data integrity, authentication, non-repudiation, privacy and trust), and national environmental factors (relative advantage,

To investigate the influence of snow depth, sea ice density, and area on sea ice thick- ness and volume estimates we use freeboard retrievals from ICESat, together with dif-

Impacts of sea-ice reduction on the future projection of pH and aragonite saturation values in the Arctic surface waters have been investigated by comparing the rates of

To establish the extent to which a snow cover will mitigate the albedo e ff ect of black carbon in sea ice two di ff erent Arctic snow types (also described by Grenfell and

An extensive drill-hole measurement campaign was carried out in November and De- cember 2011 collecting information on freeboard, snow depth and snow density, sea ice thickness

Further, the PMIP2 and PMIP3 models all simulate a smaller and thinner Arctic summer sea-ice cover in the mid-Holocene than in the pre-industrial control climate.. The PMIP3 models

mean (middle right) surface albedo changes due to BC in snow from the 1950s to 2000s, and annual mean (bottom left) and spring mean (bottom right) surface albedo changes due to