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593

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 32(5):593, set-out, 1999.

RESUMO DE TESE

Recebido para publicação em 7/5/99.

Leptospirose ou doença por

Hantavírus

? Aspectos clínicos

A febre hemorrágica com síndrome renal, transmitida por roedores e causada por Hantavírus, pode apresentar quadro clínico semelhante ao da leptospirose. Na presente casuísta estudaram-se 29 pacientes admitidos no Serviços de Doenças Infeciosas e Parasitárias do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, com suspeita clínica de leptospirose, no período de maio de 1993 a agosto de 1994. Os doentes eram avaliados clinicamente à admissão e nos dias subseqüentes. Os soros dos pacientes foram analisados pelo método imunoenzimático Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), para detecção de anticorpos anti-IgM e anti-IgG para Leptospira e para Hantavírus. Todos os casos (100%) foram confirmados para leptospirose. Dez (34,5%) destes pacientes tinham concomitantemente sorologia positiva para Hantavírus. Dois (6,9%) destes apresentaram anticorpos anti-IgM para o vírus Puumala e oito (27,6%), anticorpos anti-IgG assim distribuídos: quatro (13,8%) para o vírus Seoul, dois (6,9%) para o Puumala, um (3,4%) para o Hantaan mais o Puumala e um (3,4%) para o Seoul mais o Puumala. Em relação ao fator risco para leptospirose e doença por Hantavírus, 20 (68,9%) pacientes tiveram contato com águas provavelmente contaminadas com a urina de animais portadores da Leptospira, sete (24,2%) referiram contatos com ratos e águas contaminadas e dois (6,9%) referiram contato apenas com ratos. O s 2 9 ( 1 0 0 % ) p a c i e n t e s a p r e s e n t a r a m manifestações gerais, 27 (93,1%), manifestações hepáticas; 16 (56,2%), respiratórias; 12 (41,4%), renais; seis (20,7%), cardíacas e cinco (17,2%), hemorrágicas. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre sinais e sintomas isolados da leptospirose com os das duas doenças associadas. Através da análise conjunta dos resultados obtidos quanto ao índice clínico (vômitos mais dores abdominais), manifestações gerais e manifestações respiratórias pôde-se afirmar, com uma boa margem de segurança, se o paciente estava com leptospirose ou com dupla infecção.

Leptospirosis or disease caused

by

Hantavirus

? Clinical aspects

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome transmitted by rodents and caused by Hantavirus can present a clinical manifestation similar to leptospirosis. In the present case study, 29 patients were admitted to the Infectious and Parasitic Disease Service of Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, with clinical findings of leptospirosis from May 1993 to August 1994. The patients were clinically evaluated on admission and on subsequent days. Patient sera were tested by the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) to detect anti-IgM and anti-IgG antibodies against Leptospira and Hantavirus. All cases (100%) were confirmed to have Leptospirosis. Ten (34.5%) of these patients had concurrent positive serology for Hantavirus. Two of them (6.9%) had IgM antibodies against the Puumala virus and eight (27.6%) IgG antibodies distributed as follows: four (13.8%) against the Seoul virus, two (6.9%) against Puumala, one (3.4%) against Hantaan plus Puumala, and one (3.4%) against Seoul and Puumala. In relation to the risk factor for leptospirosis and Hantavirus disease, 20 (68.9%) patients had had previous contact with water which had been probably contaminated with the urine of Leptospira carrier animals, seven (24.2%) reported contact with rats and contaminated waters and two (6.9%) reported contact only with rats. The 29 (100%) patients had general symptoms, 27 (93.1%) had hepatic manifestations, 16 (56.2%) respiratory manifestations, 12 (41.4%) renal manifestations, six (20.7%) cardiac manifestations, and five (17.2%) isolated signs and symptoms of Leptospirosis. There was no significant difference in signs and symptoms between isolated leptospirosis and the two diseases in association. Joint analysis of the results obtained in terms of clinical index (vomiting and abdominal pain), general manifestations and respiratory manifestations showed that it was possible to determine with a good safety margin whether the patient had leptospirosis or double infection.

Jocelene Tenório Godoi

Tese apresentada ao Centro de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco para obtenção do Título de Doutor.

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