Adaptive learning and complex dynamics

Texto

(1)Repositório ISCTE-IUL Deposited in Repositório ISCTE-IUL: 2019-03-26. Deposited version: Post-print. Peer-review status of attached file: Peer-reviewed. Citation for published item: Gomes, O. (2009). Adaptive learning and complex dynamics. Chaos, Solitons and Fractals. 42 (2), 1206-1213. Further information on publisher's website: 10.1016/j.chaos.2009.03.077. Publisher's copyright statement: This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Gomes, O. (2009). Adaptive learning and complex dynamics. Chaos, Solitons and Fractals. 42 (2), 1206-1213, which has been published in final form at https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2009.03.077. This article may be used for noncommercial purposes in accordance with the Publisher's Terms and Conditions for self-archiving.. Use policy Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in the Repository • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Serviços de Informação e Documentação, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL) Av. das Forças Armadas, Edifício II, 1649-026 Lisboa Portugal Phone: +(351) 217 903 024 | e-mail: [email protected] https://repositorio.iscte-iul.pt.

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7) . .

(8)

(9) !"

(10) #$

(11) %

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15) &

(16) ' (

(17) %) * + , '$, # .//0 ,. . 1

(18) 2 3

(19) 4 ! 2 567,/6 #

(20) 2 ! - !(

(21)

(22) # 1 8 95 79 96. /7 5: ;1 8 95 .< =. 56/- ,1 > ---.

(23)

(24) ( 2 ? (

(25) ; ; ,

(26) @

(27) A

(28)

(29) ?(( (

(30)

(31)

(32) ; ; , (

(33) (

(34) ;

(35)

(36) - +( (

(37) ; 1

(38) ; ; ( B

(39) ,

(40) C (

(41) A 4

(42) - +(

(43) #

(44)

(45)

(46)

(47) ; ( A

(48)

(49) (

(50)

(51) ( (- ( ? 2 ?(

(52) ( ;

(53)

(54) 4

(55) ; (

(56)

(57)

(58) 2

(59)

(60)

(61)

(62) B

(63) , C - +( 4 ; (

(64) ; ( #(

(65) ;

(66) #

(67) - +? ,

(68) (? ( ;

(69) ;

(70) ( (

(71)

(72)

(73) ?D?

(74)

(75) 1

(76)

(77) 2 )

(78)

(79)

(80) 2 # , 2

(81) 1 =2 =.2 062 9.-.

(82)

(83)

(84)

(85)

(86) . . .

(87) ( ; ? 2

(88) ; ( #

(89)

(90) ( #E ; ( ;

(91) ;

(92)

(93)

(94)

(95) - +( (

(96) ? ( 2

(97)

(98) ;

(99) ( ( B

(100) 4

(101) (

(102)

(103) ;

(104) (

(105)

(106) C2 (

(107)

(108) (( ; # F( B7=C

(109)

(110) # B7<.C- G?

(111) ( ; F

(112)

(113) B707C

(114) (

(115)

(116)

(117) ;

(118)

(119) B

(120) ?(

(121)

(122) ( ;

(123)

(124)

(125)

(126) ;

(127)

(128)

(129) C

(130) (

(131)

(132) (

(133) # # # ( ;

(134) ;

(135) # (

(136)

(137) (

(138) (

(139) (

(140) ; ( (

(141)

(142) (

(143) (

(144) # ; (

(145)

(146)

(147) (

(148)

(149) ?- H ; ( ; (

(150) ;

(151) 2

(152)

(153) I

(154) D(E B.//2 .//0C2 I

(155) D(E

(156) F B.//92 .//=C2

(157)

(158) B.//9C

(159) 3

(160) F B.//.C+( ;

(161)

(162)

(163)

(164) ( 2

(165) (

(166) J #

(167)

(168) 2

(169) A

(170)

(171) # (

(172)

(173) ( ? ;

(174)

(175)

(176)

(177)

(178) ,

(179)

(180) ; (

(181)

(182) (

(183) # ( (

(184) (

(185) ?( ( (

(186)

(187) 2

(188) ?((

(189)

(190)

(191) 2

(192) 2

(193) (

(194) 2 ( ; (

(195) # ; ( ;?

(196) ; -

(197) ?

(198) ;

(199) 2

(200)

(201) (

(202)

(203)

(204)

(205)

(206)

(207) ( :

(208) ( 2

(209)

(210)

(211)

(212)

(213) B

(214) (

(215) ?( (

(216) ;

(217)

(218)

(219)

(220) C- +(

(221) (

(222) K

(223)

(224)

(225)

(226) ?((

(227)

(228)

(229) ; ; ; (

(230) ;

(231) ; K

(232)

(233)

(234)

(235) ( ;

(236)

(237) 2

(238)

(239) ;

(240)

(241) ?( 2

(242) ?

(243) ;

(244) ?

(245)

(246) 2 (

(247) ; D

(248) ?

(249)

(250) ( 2

(251)

(252) ( (

(253)

(254)

(255)

(256) ?((

(257)

(258) ?

(259)

(260)

(261) 4

(262) - +(

(263)

(264)

(265)

(266)

(267)

(268) B

(269)

(270) (

(271)

(272)

(273) (( (

(274) (

(275)

(276) 4

(277) ;

(278)

(279) C2 ?

(280)

(281)

(282)

(283)

(284)

(285) 2 ?(( ( #

(286)

(287) (

(288)

(289) (

(290) ;

(291)

(292)

(293) ; (

(294)

(295)

(296)

(297)

(298) ,

(299) ( ;

(300) ( ( J

(301) ;

(302)

(303)

(304)

(305)

(306)

(307)

(308)

(309) .

(310)

(311)

(312)

(313)

(314) ; (

(315)

(316)

(317) 3 B776C2 B.//=C2 ( B.//.C2 I

(318) B770C2 (

(319) (; B777C

(320) B770C- +(

(321)

(322) (

(323) ?( ? ; ( (

(324)

(325)

(326)

(327)

(328)

(329) A

(330) 2

(331)

(332) ,

(333)

(334) ?

(335)

(336)

(337)

(338) #

(339) #

(340)

(341) ; ; (

(342) E ; ( #

(343)

(344) (

(345)

(346) ( 2 ? ? (

(347) ; ;

(348) , @

(349) A

(350)

(351) ?(( (

(352)

(353)

(354) ; ; (

(355) (

(356) ;

(357)

(358) -

(359)

(360)

(361) ,

(362)

(363)

(364) ? ( - +(

(365)

(366)

(367) ; ? D ;

(368)

(369) 4

(370) ; #

(371)

(372)

(373) ?

(374)

(375) ?(

(376) ;

(377)

(378)

(379)

(380)

(381) (

(382) ;

(383) K

(384)

(385) (

(386) (

(387) ; ; (

(388)

(389) - 3 4

(390) ,

(391) #

(392)

(393) 2 (

(394)

(395)

(396) (

(397)

(398)

(399) ( J ( # ( ; ( ; ( # #

(400)

(401) 2

(402)

(403) 4 ( ?( 4,

(404) . ; #;

(405) 2

(406) ( ( (,

(407) , L

(408)

(409) +( (

(410) ;

(411) ( ; #

(412) ,

(413)

(414) ( -

(415) ( ? 2 ( (

(416) ; ;

(417)

(418) -

(419) (

(420)

(421)

(422)

(423)

(424) # ( J ;

(425)

(426) 2

(427) (

(428) (

(429)

(430) (

(431)

(432)

(433) ( (

(434) ( D

(435) ? # ( (

(436)

(437)

(438)

(439)

(440) 2 #2

(441) ( ( (

(442) 2

(443) ;

(444) ; ( , D

(445) ? #- +( ;?

(446)

(447)

(448) 2 # # B.//.2 - .6C2 (

(449) ;

(450)

(451) : #

(452)

(453) 2 ( ( D ( ;?

(454)

(455) 1

(456)

(457)

(458)

(459)

(460)

(461)

(462)

(463)

(464)

(465)

(466)

(467) 2 (

(468) (

(469) D

(470) ;

(471) - +(

(472) # ; ;

(473)

(474) ,

(475) # ( ( (

(476) (

(477)

(478)

(479) (

(480) ( 2

(481)

(482)

(483) #

(484)

(485)

(486)

(487) # ?(,

(488)

(489) -

(490) (

(491) 2 (

(492)

(493) (

(494)

(495) ; 1

(496) (

(497) D

(498) - +(

(499) ?( (

(500) ? # # ( ;

(501)

(502)

(503) ; (

(504)

(505) ; ( D

(506) ? . +( # B.//=C

(507) 4

(508) ; ( (

(509) # ( @ ;

(510)

(511)

(512)

(513)

(514)

(515)

(516) J

(517) ?( 2 ( (

(518)

(519)

(520)

(521) ; ? D-. ..

(522)

(523)

(524)

(525)

(526) #

(527) ( ; ; ( # ; K

(528)

(529) (

(530)

(531) @

(532)

(533)

(534) ; ;

(535)

(536)

(537) # B.//.C2 ( ;

(538)

(539) A ;

(540)

(541)

(542) B- -2

(543)

(544)

(545)

(546)

(547) C ( ;?

(548) 1 B C

(549) #

(550)

(551) B

(552)

(553) #

(554) ; (

(555) ( ( ? (? ;? ( ( ;

(556)

(557)

(558) ; ( # (

(559) C: B C (

(560)

(561)

(562) ( #

(563) ( (

(564)

(565) # ? B( ? 2 (; ?

(566)

(567) (

(568)

(569)

(570)

(571)

(572)

(573) ?

(574)

(575)

(576)

(577)

(578)

(579) C: B C ( #

(580)

(581)

(582) ;

(583)

(584) # ( ( B; ( 2

(585) ? ( (

(586) #

(587) 4 ; (

(588)

(589) ;

(590)

(591) ( ?

(592)

(593) ;

(594) # ;

(595)

(596)

(597) ; ( (

(598)

(599) , ( C

(600)

(601) ; ; ( (

(602) J ( ( ( ( ( ; ; ( B- -2 # ( ; ( # ( (

(603) ; ; (C

(604) A

(605)

(606)

(607)

(608)

(609)

(610) - +( ; (

(611)

(612) ( # - +(

(613) (2 ;

(614) ;

(615) 2

(616) (

(617) D

(618) @ D

(619) ? (

(620) # ( # (

(621) 2 #

(622) (

(623)

(624) ?(( ( (

(625)

(626) ?( ( ( ( (, #

(627)

(628) (

(629) ;

(630)

(631) -

(632) ( ? 2

(633)

(634) 1 ? (

(635) , ( #

(636) # ?( (

(637)

(638) ;

(639) 2

(640) ( ; ?( ? - G

(641)

(642) (

(643) ; #;

(644) B- -2 (

(645)

(646)

(647)

(648) (

(649) ;

(650) ;

(651) * D

(652) ? # ? ?(( ( #

(653)

(654) (C

(655)

(656)

(657)

(658)

(659)

(660)

(661)

(662) ; K

(663)

(664)

(665) 1 ?( (

(666)

(667) 2 (

(668) ( ( (

(669) ;

(670) D ( (

(671) (

(672) ( D

(673) ? (

(674)

(675) A (

(676) D

(677) ? (

(678) M +(

(679)

(680) (

(681)

(682) H B.//<C2 ?( (

(683)

(684) ; ; D

(685) ?

(686) (

(687) ;

(688) # - +( ( J (

(689)

(690)

(691) #

(692) ,

(693) ;

(694)

(695)

(696) ( ;

(697) (

(698) +(

(699) ; (

(700) J ;?-

(701) . 4 @

(702) A

(703) ?(

(704)

(705)

(706) ( ; ,

(707) ;

(708) -

(709) ( 2

(710)

(711)

(712)

(713)

(714) ( A ;

(715)

(716) :

(717) 2

(718) ?

(719) 4 2 ?(

(720) ( ; ( (

(721) ; ,

(722) -

(723) 9 ? ,

(724) - +( 4 (

(725)

(726) ;

(727) L

(728) 4 - H(

(729) ; ; ( #

(730) 2

(731) 9.

(732)

(733)

(734)

(735)

(736)

(737)

(738)

(739) #

(740) ;

(741)

(742) L

(743) ; (

(744) L

(745)

(746) - +(

(747) (

(748) J

(749) ?( : #

(750)

(751) ( #

(752)

(753) ; ( ;

(754)

(755)

(756) #

(757) (

(758) # ( (? ;

(759) ( (

(760)

(761) 2

(762)

(763)

(764) 2

(765) ( 2 ( # ;

(766)

(767)

(768)

(769) ; #(

(770)

(771) # 1 ( D ;

(772) (

(773) # 2 ?(( (

(774) ;

(775) ,

(776) -

(777) 6

(778) -. . . H 4

(779)

(780) ?((

(781) ; ( (

(782)

(783) -

(784) (

(785) ; ( 2 ?

(786)

(787)

(788)

(789)

(790)

(791) # ( (

(792) ?

(793) . 2 ?(

(794) ( @

(795) A

(796) (

(797)

(798) 4 +( ; (

(799) #

(800) ( D ( # ( ; (

(801)

(802) -. . ! . +( 4

(803)

(804)

(805)

(806)

(807) ?((

(808) # (

(809) ;

(810)

(811)

(812) #

(813) (

(814)

(815) ;

(816)

(817) # 2 - -2 B

(818) C- + (

(819) # ? (

(820)

(821) ;

(822)

(823) A

(824) ; ( (

(825)

(826) 2

(827) ( ? ( 2 ?(

(828) #

(829) +( ,

(830) ;

(831) ;? (

(832) B

(833) C2

(834) 2 F

(835) )

(836) B.//=C- N #

(837) (

(838)

(839)

(840) D

(841) ?

(842) (

(843) A

(844) -

(845)

(846)

(847) ?(

(848)

(849)

(850)

(851)

(852) ( ; K

(853)

(854)

(855) 2 - -2 ?(

(856) ( (

(857)

(858) ( ( 2

(859) (

(860)

(861) ( # ;

(862)

(863) ;

(864) ?

(865) ( ; ( 2 , 2 ; ; (- +(

(866)

(867) A

(868) ( ( #

(869) J (

(870) ( - +(

(871)

(872)

(873) ( ;

(874)

(875)

(876)

(877) # ( ( ( ;?

(878) 1

(879) - +(

(880)

(881)

(882)

(883)

(884) ;, 4

(885)

(886)

(887) (

(888) (

(889)

(890) #

(891) ( ; (

(892)

(893)

(894)

(895)

(896) - 4

(897)

(898) # 2

(899) # #

(900)

(901) (

(902) ; K

(903)

(904)

(905) : (

(906) ;

(907)

(908) #

(909)

(910)

(911)

(912)

(913) : #,

(914) ( 2

(915) J ( (

(916)

(917)

(918)

(919) 2 - -2

(920)

(921) ;

(922) 4

(923) 2 (

(924)

(925) # 6.

(926)

(927)

(928)

(929)

(930) (

(931) D

(932) #

(933)

(934)

(935)

(936) ; (

(937) A

(938) # 2 ,

(939) (

(940) K

(941)

(942)

(943) -

(944) ? ( ;?

(945) ; (

(946) ; (

(947) # 1

(948)

(949)

(950) ( 2 ? ( # - (

(951) ( (

(952)

(953) ?

(954) ?

(955) ; ,

(956) # # 2 # ; (

(957) ;

(958) -

(959)

(960) # 2 ?

(961) ?

(962) (

(963) 2 - -2 ( K

(964)

(965)

(966)

(967) ? #

(968)

(969) ;

(970) * D

(971) ?

(972) #

(973) :

(974) 2 (

(975) , (

(976) (

(977)

(978)

(979) ( J ( ; D

(980) ? +(

(981) 4

(982) (

(983) ; ?

(984) ; (

(985) # : 4

(986) #

(987)

(988) # 4

(989) 2

(990) ( ;

(991)

(992) ; ; (

(993)

(994) - G

(995) 2 ( # (

(996) -

(997) ?

(998) ( 2 (

(999) ? (

(1000)

(1001) . +( 4

(1002) ; (

(1003) A

(1004)

(1005)

(1006) K

(1007) 2 ; D

(1008) ? ?

(1009)

(1010)

(1011)

(1012)

(1013)

(1014) 2 ( (

(1015)

(1016)

(1017) - ? D

(1018) ?

(1019)

(1020) (

(1021)

(1022) , (

(1023)

(1024)

(1025) ? ; 4

(1026)

(1027)

(1028)

(1029)

(1030)

(1031) # ( B

(1032)

(1033) (

(1034)

(1035) C- G 4 ?

(1036) ?( ;? ( ; (

(1037)

(1038)

(1039) # (

(1040) - '

(1041) 2

(1042) ( ,

(1043) 2 ( # ( # ?

(1044) ( ;

(1045) (

(1046)

(1047) ; ( # 2 ( ( ;?

(1048) B

(1049)

(1050) ( C1 BC N # 4

(1051) ( ; #

(1052) - BC (

(1053) ;

(1054) A ; -..

(1055) 2

(1056) ( 2 (; ?

(1057) J - +(

(1058) ( (

(1059)

(1060)

(1061) ?

(1062)

(1063)

(1064) (

(1065) #

(1066)

(1067)

(1068) " !

(1069)

(1070)

(1071)

(1072)

(1073)

(1074)

(1075)

(1076)

(1077)

(1078)

(1079)

(1080)

(1081)

(1082) !

(1083)

(1084) .. H ? 4

(1085) 2 ? ( 2

(1086) 1 (

(1087)

(1088) # ?

(1089) (

(1090)

(1091)

(1092) (

(1093)

(1094)

(1095) -. 5.

(1096)

(1097)

(1098)

(1099)

(1100) " 3

(1101) J

(1102) BC

(1103) (

(1104) ; ( 2

(1105)

(1106)

(1107) B.C

(1108)

(1109) ; # # ( O#

(1110)

(1111) B.C$2

(1112)

(1113)

(1114) +( 4

(1115) ( (

(1116)

(1117) 4 2

(1118)

(1119)

(1120) ; ( ; -

(1121) ( 2 2 (

(1122) #;

(1123)

(1124) 2 #

(1125) D

(1126) ? ( (

(1127) (

(1128)

(1129) - +(

(1130)

(1131)

(1132) ( ; 2

(1133) ( ; ( ( A

(1134)

(1135) ; #- H(

(1136) 2 (

(1137)

(1138) ( ? # L #;

(1139) - G

(1140) 2 (

(1141)

(1142)

(1143) 2

(1144)

(1145) (

(1146) ; (

(1147) ; ( O#

(1148) ; (

(1149) -

(1150) ( 2

(1151)

(1152)

(1153) # ?( ( (

(1154)

(1155) # 2

(1156) ( ; ,( # +(

(1157)

(1158) # (- )

(1159) (

(1160) 2 ? #( (