A numerical study of steady and unsteady viscoelastic flow past bounded cylinders
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![Fig. 2. Expanded view (x ∈ [ − 3R, +5R], y ∈ [ − 2R, +2R]) of mesh M60(WR)-FO: blockage ratio B = 0.5, full cylinder with wake-refined mesh, odd number of cells behind cylinder.](https://thumb-eu.123doks.com/thumbv2/123dok_br/18852276.929645/5.1263.521.882.632.809/expanded-blockage-ratio-cylinder-refined-number-cells-cylinder.webp)
![Fig. 7 shows the comparison of the velocity profiles mea- mea-sured by Verhelst and Nieuwstadt [29] for the Newtonian glucose/water solution at x = − 21, − 3, − 1.5 (upstream of the cylinder) and x = +1.5, +3, (downstream of the cylinder), with the numeric](https://thumb-eu.123doks.com/thumbv2/123dok_br/18852276.929645/7.1263.126.894.1376.1629/comparison-velocity-profiles-verhelst-nieuwstadt-newtonian-solution-downstream.webp)
![Fig. 8. Comparison of predicted velocity profiles for the FENE-MCR at De = 1.2 (L 2 = 144) with experimental measurements of Verhelst and Nieuw-stadt [29] for a PAA solution at a flow rate of 0.020 l/s (De = 1.42)](https://thumb-eu.123doks.com/thumbv2/123dok_br/18852276.929645/8.1263.149.488.1257.1587/comparison-predicted-velocity-profiles-experimental-measurements-verhelst-solution.webp)
![Fig. 10. Variation of the drag coefficient C D with the Deborah number De (FENE-MCR and FENE-CR, L 2 = 144, mesh M45) and comparison with predictions for the Oldroyd-B [15] and FENE-CR (L 2 = 100)[10] models](https://thumb-eu.123doks.com/thumbv2/123dok_br/18852276.929645/9.1263.301.710.1261.1571/variation-coefficient-deborah-number-comparison-predictions-oldroyd-models.webp)
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