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Development of a system emulating the global carbon cycle in Earth system models

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Fig. 1. Structure of the loosely coupled model developed in the present work. (1–3) are corre- corre-sponding to text in Sect
Fig. 2. Land and ocean used in this manuscript.
Fig. 3. Output (a–d) and deviance from reference (e–h) for basic variables. After tuning in Sect
Fig. 4. Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. After tuning in Sect. 3. An equilibrium state after a 3000 year spin-up is presented.
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