! ! "# $%&
' &
' ( ( ) ( ( *
+ , - + &
, .( . / &
0 (
1 /+ &
2 1 3 4 5 3 ( &
67 - 3 3 % 8&
0 9 - ( ) 0&:& '
1 + ( + - 1 (
( & 8 3, + 1*
CH
2CH
C
H
2OH
OH
OH
; + < 1 /+ + &
= ( ( 3 3 4
0 % 7 > %?# 9? ?" 7 * @ A
" A "#! A& B 1 >
*
% C > &
03 8 + 3 C 1 :" C /+ *
:& 8 1 1 3 /+ &
::& 1 1 &
:::& D + < +7 :" /+ &
' / % ;;'E8 D 3
: & :: & ::: &
: :: & :: ::: &
0 - 9 ( + 3
< + 1 698
+ &
8 < + *
F /
+ +7
+ 1 1 -/ (
3 1 >
&
2 C 3 1 ( 3 + < +7
+7 /+ 1
?"D& %?#& 9? & =? & % "&
03 GH08 I': 8IJ:'9E' ' E'%9 B H:8
8 /+ + @! K 3) & =
+ 3 /+
3 C 1 &
8 /+ + C ( 1
3 &
E 1 /+ + /+
&
6 3 ) /+ + ( 1
3 ,+ +
< ( ) ,+ &
= /+ C < ( L 1 1
/ L &
,+ + + 3 & 8
( ) , + ,
3 + ( , + / 3
3 &
M ( /+ ( 1 3 )
&
8 / > /+ C
( + 3 + + 3 /+ &
8 3 *
: ?/ ( + 3 &
:: 8 C 3 +7 &
::: 8 +7 ( 7 < L +7
+7 & ' / :& ::& :::& : ::& :: :::&
0 9 %"? ? / 1 %? % ? L
:& ( + < 3 + < N
::& ( + < +7 / ( / N
:::& 3 1 ( +7 &
6 3 < : 1 & :: 1 & ::: 1 &
!
03 + /3 + I =&'&
( 1 , + / / &
8 3 ( /
C 3 +7 &
C + ?&
O <
P Q &
C O <
P Q &
F +
?&
I R L ; C > ? 9 3 L + 3 < &
S6 * ? T U N 9 8 @8 V
: = C 3 +> &
:: D ? 3 +7 &
::: ? 1 ( 9 1 > F &
:P 8 + &
D *
: :P& :: :::& :: :P& : ::& : :::&
0 9 3 *
.8 + 1 ( ) / ( /+ ( /+ 1
3 ( + & = )( 3
) &.
2 4
"
"
% + 8 ( 1 3, ( 3
+7 *
% + 8 + ( ) 3 > * %" ?:
?" 9 % (
3 *
% + 8 + ( (
*
% + *
?" W !! !
?"D !
?"D # ?"E " "
/+ 1 F 3 ) +7
( *
1 /+ &
+7 1 /+ &
P 6 Q 1 /+ &
1 /+ 1 &
> < &
% + 3) ( ) - 3
+ < F ( /
( 3 1 , 1 & 8 /+ <
1 )( 1
7 , & E +
+7 +7 &
% ( 3 F 3 ,+ + >
/ < &
8 > )( ( 9X L
# I &
' &
G , & E 3 &
&
% +
(
O /+ &
1 ( + &
+ 1 ( &
1 ( + &
( ( + &
= ? ?% 3 1
+ < +7 & &
+ < P Q ? + < +7 ?% &
+ < +7 ? ?% &
+ < / ? L ?% &
: D )( 3 3 < *
:& 8 3 + ( ) :9E;8 &
::& 8 3 + ( ) :9E'; &
:::& 8 )( &
:P& 8 ( , &
' % ;;'E8D* 8 : :: 8 : :P& 8 ::: :P&
8 :: ::: :P E
= + D ( + ( 1 + +
698 ( 3 + &
+ + < *
& + < +7 &
$
= + % > 3 "&
8 ( 7 % ;;'E8 1*
: ::: :P :: :: ::: : :P :P :: ::: : :P :: : :::
= + Y 1 ) ( /+ & D
( C /+ 1 ) *
& &
+ < 3 &
&
= ) - ( + 3
> - 3, + *
= / 3, 1 3 ( >
& O /+ &
3 3 < ( ) & F &
+ < &
= % % 3,
( + &
'
3, %@?@ & F &
+ 3 &
+ ,3 &
% =
= / ( (
1*
: Z :: Z ::: Z :P Z P :: Z : Z P Z ::: Z :P :: Z P Z : Z ::: Z :P ::: Z :P Z : Z :: Z P :P Z ::: Z P Z : Z ::
= 8 / 3, F (
& 9 /
) 1 3) &
6 + F 3 3 + &
= 3 ( F ( 1
* F > 3 ( 3, &
0 9 + 1 ,
+7 &
3 Q &
&
0 8 < + < +7
3 )( ( + 3) )( &
6 > 1 ) / , (
3 1*
M ) & ' &
G , & % & 8 &
0 ) .+ . J 1
+ ( / & 6 3
) * / ) +>
( ) - )L &
8 !! B + 3 /+ B&
= :" ( 3
@!! B !! B& C + ( 1
1 + [ ) &
' ( ( ( ) ( 1 +
1 1 &
0 8 + + ( &
8 + > L 3 <
) . , . 3 +
L & 8 + ) )
3 + 3 31 ) 3)
) ) & 6
'
0 - G+ )( ) ( ( < + <
* F
+7
L L
0 - - 3, / + 1 +
+ + &
6 ( ( L 1*
/+
03 ; ( 9 8 * "!!! &#! +&
( + ) 3)
1 < & 8 ( 1
( 3
( + *
) ) &
) &
L L &
L & &
03 8
=' 3 &
3 ( 3 1*
+ &
+ &
+ F &
+ +7 & 3 P Q &
8 3 ( < : :: ::: *
+ +7 /
+ +7 + +7 /
/ + +7
/ + +7
+ +7 /
03 + % > )( /+
< &
8 < 3 1
8 < 3 1
: :: ::: :P P
03 + 8 /+ 1 & % C /+ C < (
3 8BD8 1
3 + < +7 F + 9? +
/+ &
+ < +7 ( &
1 +7 + ?% + ( /+ + )
? W % &
) ? W ? / 1 /+ &
+7 "+ /+ <
&
03 + 8 ( > I8: ; 1
03 + ' E' $% 7
% , /
1 1 % ;;'E 3 ( <
(
+ %]\&
O 1 7 / \&
+ / \ + / &
> 1 1 7 / \ O &
03 + = - +
+ & + &
& /+ &
03 + ' ( 3 >
" "
% :% : *
! ! " # $ % ! ! " & '$ %
"
% !"
:% W"@ W^@
"
: W W #
% > 1 % ;;'E 3 (
:% < 3 ( :"&
" $% % " 1 + :% 1 )( :" 1 , &
1 :% F / / &
:% < >
L &
03 + 8 ( ( / (
> *
% ( 1 % ;;'E 3 ( C (
F 3
+ < &
< > L &
+ < +7 &
< &
03 8 < 1 L
3) ( ) ,
( ,+ & 8 +
% 3 ( *
< 3 ( (
/+ &
< 3 ( (
&
7 )( 1 ( + < +7 3 &
+ < 1 7 )( &
< 3 ( (
/+ &
03 8 , L 3
+ < ( ) & 3 , + 1
+ <
Q / &
F / &
Q / &
Q F &
Q F &
03 ( ( + &
8 /+ 1
" #& " # & " # & # "& # " &
03 8 =' +
+7 + # , &
+ # 3 1 ( (
+ 3 1 &
% 3 3
! ` ` ` !&
` ` Z !& Z Z ` !& Z Z Z !& Z ` ` !&
0 = 3 ( /+ , +
( )( & : L + <
/ +7 +7 + 1 /+ + L & 8
< 1 /+
3 P Q &
3 L &
3 &
+7 & + < &
0 % 1 ( +
> L ] % ? 1 O 4
0 ( ) D D E + , 3
+7 + , 3, ( ) ?" ?"D
?"D ?"E &
8 ?"D ?"D ?"E
&
8 /+ ( &
' < *
3 < &
3 < &
3 + < +7 &
3 < &
3 +7 &
0 3 8 + 1
L 3 & 6 +7
, 3 F 3 +7 /+ ( (
D " ?"D& 9" ?" & 9? ?" &
"
0 0 > > & %
+ ( / , J " C
%% # /+ ?" &
? +7 &
? +7 %% #&
? +7 ?" &
? +7 %%#&
? +7 ?" &
0 . &&& % J 5 1 J 3/ #!R D 5 1 ; =
D = 3 3 / 3 + )3 I & 3
L F &. aaa&+ a &+ &
8 F 9? 1 +/ C & 9 1
+ + )( , & 8 (
1 )( &
+ +7
L
L L
) ]
0 ' < / )( 3
/+ & ' / ( (
/+ 1
% + 0 1 + # +[
F +7 " " K # K
+7 K +7 & = 3 ( 1
)( + *
F & &
& P Q &
+7 &
0 = 1 ( + 3 ) 1
1 3 & + , )
/ & 8 ) 1
( ) + ! R+ &
' + ) 1 -/ 1 7 C &
' 7 ( / 1
& / ( 1 +
#
8 ( ) ( 1 C
4 5 3 ( &
6 3 + 1 ) ( 7
3 ( 7 C
&
0 2 ( / /+
1 ) & 0 < ? W
+ ( 3 F 1*
luz
2 2 3
(H O) H O e OH
dímero íon elétron radical
(Números atômicos :H 1; O 8).
+ −
→ + + •
= =
; B a 3, F ) + &
2 3 < ( 1 ) ( - 3
7 4
E > ( 3 /+
, & ' 3
) + + 3 /+ 3)
1 + 3 , 3) &
0 L >
% "?"" 1 L
& D 3, 1 &
2 1 3, ( + L
4 8 ( 3 +> 4
9 3, 3)
3) & 5 3 ( 3 /+
, &
: D )( 1 3 3 *
8 3 + ( ) :9E'; & %';E ';;86 4
5 3 ( &
: % + 3) /+
$
8 8 D 3) +
/ , &
8 J D 3) + /
) + / &
P 3 + ( 3 (
3 3) /+ 'I %868 0I8 68D 8BE';98E:P8D 89E';: ;'D&
: 2 3 L 7 3 (
L /+ )( (
3 ( /+ , 4
03+ / 1 698 1 1 3 & '
O 3 3 ( & B + O
+ ( +7 & 0 ( 7
1 C * 8E%%H8H + E8HH%E% & 8
+ 3, *
; +7 ( 698&
03 - % + *
2 ( 3 - 3 3 3) +
4
03 I 3) >
1 & D ( .
. > F /+ *
( 1 4 5 3 ( + &
( > / O /+ 4 5 3 (
&
03 D 1 )( L + O > & I
O ( + L )
+ &
% ) + ( ( )( ?" % ? "
%
0 6 : :: ::: + *
2 : ::4
: :: 3 &
% ( 1 ) 3
:::4 5 3 ( &
(
2 F b 3) c
* ` ` ` &
H 1 (
+ , &
, L / &
' *
" "
,
9 ?% +?\→? +% +9 \
8 % 1 3 (
+ ? ( 3 L + < +7 +7 /+ &
8 % ( + ? ( 8
( 3 L ( + < +7 +7 (
+ < ( 3 a &
E *
C
H
2C
H
C
H
2O
O
O
H
H
H
O
H
H
O
H
H
&
8( +7 1
/+ + /+ 1 3
&
=' %?# U " AN =' 9? U "#! AN =' ?" U @ A&
%?#* P Q =' &
?" 9? @ * 1 3 L + < +7 *
, & = 1 /+ ?" 3 L + < +7 1 ( F 9? & = =' ?" ` =' 9? &
8 J&
6 % 6 ' % J
8 J& E 7 &
.8 + 1 ! " ( "! ! / ( /+ ( /+
1 3 ( + & = )( # ! " !
&) & " & ! " " " # ! *+ ) & ! ( "! ! $ & ! ,- $ ! &.
6 8 % J 6
8 6 6 J J %
' 6 J 6 J %
C + 1 / ) 3 1
3 ( + W 3 1 3
/+ W / ) &
P ) U !! B
P / ) U !! B ] @!! B U !! B !! B !!K
!! B
U " K / ) &
1 3 1 (
/+ ( 1 & 9 ) L /+ 3 &
8 J % % 6 % %
' 8 6 8 % J '
' J ' 6 8 ' J
'
) C 1 / 3 <
1 ( &
3 + + *
< 1 + <
+7 &
3 + + *
' 1 / + < +7 +7 &
% ? " / ) &
% & 2 3 + / + /
7 3 ( > + /
> &
8 + + , 3) /+ / 3 31
, 1 /+ 1 + /
, /+ &
8 3 L / 1 % ?@ −% ? / /+ 3
) ( , + / 1
% ? / ) /+ + % @? 1 / /
/+ - / &
8 + / + < +7 +7
/+ )( 1 ( , , 1
/+ > ( )( &
6 3 b 3 ( c + < +7 +7
& % ( + +
b + < c ( 3 b
+ < c &
+ *
9" % # < P Q
L )( , & ' < 3 (
3) ( % #
3 ( 9"&
?J 1 1 < ( 1
3 ( L &
8 /+ 1 + < +7 +7 ( 1
3 1 3)
&
8 F * H 1 1 3
L & 8 1 1 &
G+ * H + 1 1 3 L & 8
1 1 &
I * H 1 1 1 + L & 8
1 1 &
8 > O /+ / F 1
1 1 3 L C /+ &
G+ L ) - /+
1 L 1 &
% :* &
% ::* &
::: / ( : ::
1 + 3) 1 1 & 2 3
Q 1 / & 2 1
3 3) 1