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An overview of hydrogen as a vehicle fuel

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Fig. 2. Hydrogen induction in spark-ignition engine [10].
Fig. 3. Minimum ignition energies of ( K ) hydrogen–air, ( ’ ) methane–air and (m) heptane–air mixture in relation to at atmospheric pressure [18].
Fig. 5. Typical variations in indicated power output and efficiency with changes in compression ratio when using optimum spark timing for borderline knock [33].
Fig. 6. Analysis of losses compared to the theoretical engine cycle; gasoline versus hydrogen (PFI and DI), at two loads [12].
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