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Valproate administered after traumatic brain injury provides neuroprotection and improves cognitive function in rats.

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Figure 2C shows that, contrary to our expectations, post-injury administration of 100 mg/kg VPA had no effect on weight loss (group main effect by repeated measures two-way ANOVA:
Figure 3F). Swimming speed was not significantly different between the 400 mg/kg VPA- and vehicle-treated animals (vehicle: 26.2761.32 cm/sec; 400 mg/kg VPA: 25.061.69 cm/
Figure 5E) or measures of memory during a 24 hr probe trial (latency to platform: Student’s t-test P = 0.134; number of platform crossings: Mann Whitney Rank sum test P = 0.477).
Figure 6B). When examined over the rostral-caudal extent of the injury, it was found that 400 mg/kg VPA reduced the magnitude of damage primarily anterior to the contralateral injury core (two-way repeated measures ANOVA: F (1,18) = 6.271, P = 0.021;

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