Oclusão do Apêndice Atrial
Esquerdo
Eduardo B. Saad
MD, PhD, FHRSCoordenador - Serviço de Arritmias e Estimulação Cardíaca Centro de Fibrilação Atrial
Hospital Pró-Cardíaco - Rio de Janeiro
Warfarin Better Control Better (placebo) AFASAK SPAF BAATAF CAFA SPINAF EAFT 50% -50% Aggregate Reduction of stroke RRR 62% Reduction of all-cause mortality RRR 26% 100% 0
Hart et al. Ann Intern Med. 1999;131:492-501
MB
TE
ICH
European Heart Journal (2012) 33, 2700–2708
Dialogues Cardiovasc Med. 2012;17:189-196
What About
the NOACs?
BENEFÍCIOS X RISCOS
Warfarina na Prática Clínica
Taxa de Descontinuação!
A.M.Gallagher J Thromb Haem 6:1500 (2008) 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 2 4 6
%
Years after starting treatment
40-64 65-69 Age 70-74 75-79 80-84 85
Novos Anticoagulantes
•
Descontinuação da droga
- Dabigatrana - 21%
- Rivaroxabana - 24%
- Apixabana - 25%
•
Aumento do risco de sangramento
JACC 2016; 67: 2913-2923
JACC 2016; 67: 2913-2923
More than 1 in 3 pts were treated with ASA alone (no OAC)
JAMA Cardiol 2016; 1: 55-62
Less than ½ of high risk patients receiving OAC
LAA
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Stoddard et al. 1995 Manning et al. 1994 Aberg et al. 1969 Tsai et al. 1990 Brown et al. 1993 Manning et al. 1994 Klein et al. 1994 Leung et al. 1994 Hart et al. 1994
LA Cavity
LAA
N. of Pts 91% dos Trombos no AAEPLAATO
ASO Device WATCHMAN ACP
Devices for LAA Closure:
LARIAT
Endocardial Devices: Epicardial Snare:
Endocardial Implants:
Device Embolization (0.4 -1.3%)
Epicardial Devices:
Severe Pericardial Reaction
All Devices:
Re-opening / Leak of the LAA Tamponade (1.2 – 2.4%) Procedural Stroke (0.4% -1.1%) Thrombus on Device (3 – 15%) 95% Success at Implant Remarkable Reduction in Procedure Complications Non-Inferior to VKA:
Stroke, SE, Mortality
A anatomia doAAE é bastante variável e frequentemente complexa
◦ Relações com estruturas vizinhas
Angulações Tamanho Formato
Planejamento do Procedimento
◦ Trombos vs fluxo lento
◦ Anatomia detalhada e lobos acessórios
Acompanhamento Durante o Procedimento
◦ Punção transeptal ◦ Angulo de ataque
Acompanhamento Pós Implante
◦ Sucesso (oclusão total vs leaks)
◦ Complicações
PROTECT-AF
Randomized Study WATCHMAN vs Warfarin Efficacy (endpoint): CVA CV Mortality Systemic Embolism Safety Non-inferiority Study Follow-Up Non-valvular AF CHADs ≥ 1 Randomization (1:2) Warfarin WatchmanPROTECT-AF
PROTECT AF
Superiority of Watchman over Warfarin
JAMA, 312:1988 (2014)
Primary Endpoint
[ Stroke / SE / CV Death ] CV Death
Hemorrhagic Stroke: 85%↓↓
Impact of Strokes
Disabling vs Non-Disabling PROTECT AF Event Rate (per 100 pt-yrs) Hazard Ratio (95% CI) p-value WATCHMAN N=463 WarfarinN=244 Stroke (all) 1.5 2.2 0.68 (0.42,1.37) 0.26 Disabling 0.5 1.2 0.37 (0.15, 1.00) 0.03 Non-disabling 1.0 1.0 1.05 (0.54, 2.80) 0.67 JAMA, 312:1988 (2014)Eur Heart J 2016; 37:2465-2474 1021 pts. – CHA2DS2-VASc 4.5+1.6, HAS-BLED 2.3+1.2
45.4% had prior TIA or stroke, 62% were deemed unsuitable for
ACP DAP 3-6 meses AAS ? Watchman Warfarina 6 semanas (NOACs?) DAP 6 meses AAS longo prazo
Sem
contraindicação a ACO por curto
prazo
ETE
DAP 6 meses
ACO contraindicada
AAS longo prazo ETE Risco hemorrágico elevado Contraindicado DAP NOACs dose baixa 3 meses (ex. dabigatrana 75 mg x2)
AAS até 6 meses Sem medicação
ETE
Heart Rhythm 2015; 12:1524-1531
REDO - 4 pts
Sem interferência com o dispositivo
Obrigado!
Gentilmente Cedida por Guilherme Saad