national research research programme programme 2003-2006 2003-2006

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SAFIR,

SAFIR, Safety Safety of of nuclear nuclear power power plants plants – – Finnish Finnish national

national research research programme programme 2003-2006 2003-2006

Overview of the programme

prepared by Eija Karita Puska, Director of SAFIR

http://www.vtt.fi/pro/tutkimus/safir

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SAFIR Background – Nuclear energy R&D

• • In Finland In Finland nuclear nuclear energy energy R&D R&D consist consist of of research

research in in three three major major areas areas : :

– nuclear power plant safety, 39 %

– waste management, 50 %

– fusion, 10 %

• • In nuclear In nuclear power power plant plant safety safety nearly nearly 40 % of 40 % of research

research is is done done in in public public research research programmes programmes

• • In In waste management waste management only only 2 % of 2 % of research research is in is in

the the public public research research programmes programmes

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SAFIR National research programmes

• • In Finland In Finland public public research research is is organised organised into into research

research programmes programmes with with 3-4 3-4 year year duration duration

• • The tradition The tradition dates dates back back to 1989/1990 to 1989/1990

• • Currently Currently in the three in the three major major areas: areas :

– nuclear power plant safety SAFIR 2003-2006

– waste management KYT 2002-2005

– fusion FUSION 2003-2006

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SAFIR SAFIR is The mid-field of research and education

Safety case and

licensing evidence

Utility r esearch

Regulatory inspections

reviews and

Regulatory resea rch SAFIR

2003-2006

Safety of nuclear power plants –

Finnish national research programme

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SAFIR SAFIR = mid-field

Research activities supporting

regulatory inspections

do not belong to

SAFIR.

Research activities supporting

licensing do not belong to

SAFIR.

Safety of nuclear power plants – Finnish national research programme

Ministry of Trade and Industry (MTI)

Utilities (TVO, Fort um)

Regulato ry bo dy (ST U K) Mid-field research activities

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SAFIR General SAFIR objectives

• • Basic Basic preparedness preparedness

– expertise

– methods

• • Education Education

– new experts

– experienced experts

• • Networks Networks

– domestic

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SAFIR SAFIR – Six Research Areas

• • 1. 1. Reactor Reactor fuel fuel and and core core

• • 2. 2. Reactor Reactor circuit circuit and and structural structural safety safety

• • 3. 3. Containment Containment and and process process safety safety functions functions

• • 4. 4. Automation Automation , , control control room room and and information information technology

technology

• • 5. 5. Organisations Organisations and and safety safety management management

• • 6. 6. Risk-informed Risk-informed safety safety management management

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SAFIR SAFIR structure

• • Steering Steering group as the group as the highest

highest level level ( ( blue blue ) )

• • Each Each area area has has a a reference

reference group group that that superwises

superwises the the research research ( ( yellow yellow ) )

• • Additional Additional Ad Ad hoc hoc groups groups in in large large areas areas ( ( yellow yellow ) )

• • The The research research is is organised organised into

into projects projects with with project project manager

manager and staff and staff (red ( red) )

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SAFIR Six Reference Groups in the six research areas

1. Reactor fuel & core

2. Reactor circuit and structural safety

3. Containment and process

safety functions 4. Automation,

control room

& IT 5. Organisations

and safety management 6. Risk-informed safety management

ad hoc -ryhmät ad hoc -ryhmät ad hoc -ryhmät ad hoc -ryhmät ad hoc groups Steering

group

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SAFIR SAFIR 2004 – The Research

• • 4,87 4,87 million million € € and 35 person and 35 person years years

• • 23 23 research research projects projects

• • VTT as the VTT as the major major research research organisation organisation ( ( some some 90 % of

90 % of research), research ), others others

– Lappeenranta University of Technology

– Fortum Nuclear Services

– Helsinki University of Technology

– plus some other partners as subcontractors

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SAFIR SAFIR – The Education

• • SAFIR is an SAFIR is an important important forum for forum for education education of of nuclear

nuclear experts experts in Finland in Finland

• • Education Education takes takes place place via via research research work work in the in the SAFIR

SAFIR projects projects

• • Education Education is a is a continuous continuous process process

– New experts into the nuclear field - largely via tutoring by the old experts

– New challenging tasks for the old experts – old

experts have to acquire new skills

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SAFIR SAFIR – The Network

• • SAFIR is a forum for SAFIR is a forum for information information exchange exchange and and link link between between researchers researchers and and organisations organisations : :

– some 130-150 persons involved in the research work in the projects of SAFIR

– 80 persons from safety authority STUK, utilities Fortum and TVO, VTT, universities and other

organisations involved in the quidance of research

via the steering group and six reference groups

(meeting 3-4 times annually)

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SAFIR VTT’s role in SAFIR

• • VTT VTT Processes Processes has has been been selected selected as the as the coordination

coordination unit unit for the for the period period 2002-2004 2002-2004

• • VTT is the main/ VTT is the main/ responsible responsible partner in 16 out of partner in 16 out of the 23

the 23 research research projects projects in 2004 in 2004

• • VTT VTT has has a a key key role role in the in the funding funding of SAFIR for of SAFIR for 2004

2004 with with 1,3 1,3 million million € €

– VTT’s research units decided independently on

their funding in SAFIR and the direction of the

funding within SAFIR

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SAFIR SAFIR 2004

• • Reshaping Reshaping of of funding funding structure structure by by change change of of legistlation

legistlation , , prepared prepared by by Ministry Ministry of of Trade Trade and and Industry

Industry (KTM). The (KTM). The change change of of legistlation legistlation took took place

place 1.1.2004. 1.1.2004.

• • Effects Effects on SAFIR: on SAFIR: funding funding by by KTM, STUK and KTM, STUK and Utilities

Utilities replaced replaced by by funding funding from from a a separate separate fund fund administrated

administrated within within VYR (Valtion VYR (Valtion Ydinjätehuoltorahasto,

Ydinjätehuoltorahasto, ^State ^State ^Nuclear ^Nuclear ^Waste Waste Management Management Fund Fund ) )

• • Funding Funding collected collected from from Finnish Finnish utilities utilities Fortum and TVO pro

Fortum and TVO pro MWth MWth

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SAFIR SAFIR 2004

• • Three-step Three-step selection selection process process for for projects projects : :

– Numerical evaluations by reference groups

– Evaluation meetings of the reference groups

– Final evaluation meeting of the steering group

• • Result Result : :

– Research continues in all six areas

– 7 new projects

– 16 projects continue from 2003

– More weight on area 3: Containment and process

safety functions

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SAFIR SAFIR 2004 scope

• • 21 21 research research projects projects , , where where VYR VYR funding funding involved

involved + 2 + 2 research research projects projects funded funded by by Finnish Finnish National

National Technology Technology Agency Agency Tekes Tekes and Finnish and Finnish Utilities

Utilities +administration + administration , , total total volume 4,87 M volume 4,87 M € €

• • Funding Funding VYR 2,62 M VYR 2,62 M € € , VTT 1,31 M , VTT 1,31 M € € , NKS 0,10 , NKS 0,10 M M € € , Fortum 0,23 M , Fortum 0,23 M € € , EU 0,09 M , EU 0,09 M € € , , Other Other partners partners

0,52 M 0,52 M € €

• • TIFANY and AMY TIFANY and AMY projects projects under under the ” the ” SAFIR- SAFIR- umbrella

umbrella ” ” with with Tekes Tekes and and utility utility funding funding , , reported reported in SAFIR

in SAFIR

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SAFIR SAFIR 2004 Plan

Distribution of funding in SAFIR research areas in 2004

18 %

28 % 36 %

5 % 5 %

8 %

1 2 3 4 5 6

1. reactor fuel and core

2. reactor circuit and structural safety 3. containment and process safety functions 4. automation, control room and IT

5.organisations and safety management

6. risk-informed safety management

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SAFIR SAFIR 2004 Plan

Distribution of person years in SAFIR research areas in 2004

22 %

24 % 35 %

4 % 6 %

9 %

1 2 3 4 5 6

1. reactor fuel and core

2. reactor circuit and structural safety

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SAFIR SAFIR 2003 -2004

Distribution of funding in SAFIR research areas 2003-2004

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Research areas (1-6) and total (7)

k eu ro 2003

2004

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SAFIR SAFIR 2003 - 2004

Distribution of person years in SAFIR research areas 2003-2004

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400

ma n mo n th s

2003

2004

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SAFIR SAFIR projects in 2004

1. Reactor fuel and core

• Enhanced methods for reactor analysis (EMERALD), 570 k€ / 50,5 person months / VTT Processes

• High-burnup upgrades in fuel behaviour modelling (KORU),

281 k€ / 27 person months / VTT Processes

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SAFIR SAFIR projects in 2004

2. Reactor circuit and structural integrity

• Integrity and life time of reactor circuits (INTELI),

1082 k€ / 69 person months / VTT Industrial Systems

• LWR oxide model for improved understanding of activity build-up and corrosion phenomena (LWROXI),

86 k€ / 6,5 person months / VTT Industrial Systems

• Ageing of the Function of the Containment Building (AGCONT), 34 k€ / 2,5 person months / VTT Building and Transport

• Concrete Technological Studies Related to the Construction, Inspection

and Reparation of the Nuclear Power Plant Structures (CONTECH),

107,5 k€ / 8,9 person months / VTT Building and Transport

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SAFIR SAFIR projects in 2004

3. Containment and process safety functions

• Wall Response to Soft Impact (WARSI),

138 k€ /13 person months / VTT Industrial Systems

• Impact tests (IMPACT),

202 k€ /10 person months / VTT Building and Transport

• The integration of thermal hydraulics (CFD) and finite element (FEM) computer codes in liquid and solid mechanics (MULTIPHYSICS),

116 k€ / 7,2 person months / Fortum Nuclear Services

• APROS modelling of containment pressure suppression systems (TIFANY), 192,4 k€ / 14,5 person months / Fortum Nuclear Services

• Thermal Hydraulic Analysis of Nuclear Reactors (THEA),

158 k€ / 10 person months / VTT Processes

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SAFIR SAFIR projects in 2004

3. Containment and process safety functions (continued)

• Severe Accidents and Nuclear Containment integrity (SANCY), 305 k€ / 13,5 person months / VTT Processes

• Fission product gas and aerosol particle control (FIKSU), 55,5 k€ / 4,5 person months / VTT Processes

• Development of aerosol models for NPP applications (AMY), 212 k€ / 20 person months / Fortum Nuclear Services

• Archiving experiment data (KOETAR),

60 k€ / 6 person months / Lappeenranta University of Technology

• Condensation pool experiments (POOLEX),

256 k€ / 23,5 person months / Lappeenranta University of Technology

• PACTEL OECD planning (PACO),

33 k€ / 2 person months / Lappeenranta University of Technology

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SAFIR SAFIR projects in 2004

4. Automation, control room and information technology

• Interaction approach to development of control rooms (IDEC), 196 k€ /14,1 person months / VTT Industrial Systems

• Influence of RoHS-directive to reliability of electronics (ROVEL) - preproject,

20 k€ / 1,2 person months / VTT Industrial Systems

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SAFIR SAFIR projects in 2004

5.Organisations and safety management

• Organisational culture and management of change (CULMA), 210 k€ / 16 person months / VTT Industrial Systems

• Disseminating tacit knowledge in organisations (TIMANTTI) - preproject,

27 k€ / 4,5 person months / Helsinki University of Technology

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SAFIR SAFIR projects in 2004

6. Risk-informed safety management

• Potential of Fire Spread (POTFIS),

158 k€ / 10 person months / VTT Building and Transport

• Principles and Practices of Risk-Informed Safety MAnagement (PPRISMA).

245 k€ / 21,3 person months / VTT Industrial Systems

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SAFIR SAFIR Results 2003

• • Research Research in 20 in 20 projects projects produced produced : :

– Over 100 specified results (Deliverables)

– 140 publications in various categories

– One Doctoral thesis and four Master’s

– See http://www.vtt.fi/pro/tutkimus/safir

– annual report & annual plan 2004

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SAFIR Research 2003

• • TRAB-3D SMABRE TRAB-3D SMABRE internal

internal code code coupling coupling ( ( reactor reactor dynamics & dynamics &

thermal

thermal hydraulics hydraulics ) ) (EMERALD)

(EMERALD)

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SAFIR Research 2003

• • Computation Computation of the flawed of the flawed bimetallic bimetallic pipe pipe bend bend experiment experiment (INTELI)

(INTELI)

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SAFIR Research 2003

• • Stress Stress contours contours of a compact tension of a compact tension specimen specimen finite finite element element analysis analysis model model belonging belonging to the to the local local approach

approach evaluation evaluation and and round-robin of the round-robin of the 'Euro 'Euro Curve Curve’ ’ ’ ’ductile ductile - - to-brittle to-brittle transition transition region region fracture fracture toughness

toughness dataset dataset (INTELI) (INTELI)

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SAFIR Research 2003

• • POOLEX test POOLEX test rig for rig for steam

steam blow blow experiments experiments

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SAFIR Research 2003

• • Preliminary Preliminary steam steam blow blow

test test results results (POOLEX) (POOLEX)

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SAFIR Research 2003

• • Organisational culture Organisational culture researchers researchers analysing data analysing data from from

TVO TVO maintenance maintenance organisation organisation (CULMA) (CULMA)

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SAFIR Research 2003

• • Fortum NS development Fortum NS development simulator simulator and Loviisa training and Loviisa training simulator simulator have have been been used in the used in the Interaction Interaction approach approach to development to development of control of control rooms rooms (IDEC) (IDEC) project

project

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SAFIR Research 2003

• • Cable Cable fire fire test test (POTFIS) (POTFIS)