Civil servants of the local authorities of the municipality of Heraklion participated in this research through a questionnaire that they filled out as part of a quantitative study. In addition, it was stated that e-government systems in Heraklion Municipality have benefits for the employees themselves, as well as for the quality of services provided to citizens and businesses.
The main limitation of this study, however, is the use of only one research method and one methodological tool. The first chapter briefly presents the definitions of e-government, the research questions of this study and the structure of the dissertation.
LITERATURE REVIEW
The concept of e-Government
- Definition of e-Government
- Benefits of e-Government
- Dimensions of e-Government
- Factors related to the adoption of e-Government from local authorities
At the national level, the strong development of e-government and the use of the Internet in public services has been achieved through the national strategic programs Good Government and Agenda e-Mexico. Cotterill and King (2007) indicated that a defining factor of the adoption of e-government by public services is their size.
E-Government in Greece
Public authorities This is a digital system that will act as a digital repository of the state through the cloud. The Greek e-Government Framework (EGF) is part of the overall design of the Greek public administration to provide e-Government services to organizations, businesses and citizens. The ESPG contains the rules and standards necessary to implement the overall strategy and architecture of the Ministry of Administrative Reform and e-Government and the IT and Communications Committee for e-Government.
EGFI is the national specialization of the European Interoperability Framework and is the cornerstone for the implementation of the Digital Agenda for Europe in Greece. The posted document, apart from those published in the Government Gazette, prevails over all other versions of the act. It is enough to call the authorizing authority of the act to request it from the public authorities.
Security and Validity: Documents in the Health Manual II will have a digital signature from the system guaranteeing their validity. Coordinate and support relevant government departments to provide information and e-commerce services through central public administration portals, in accordance with the eGovernment Services Framework. Coordination and monitoring of the operation of horizontal projects of the Ministry of Interior that support the development and delivery of integrated eGovernment services.
E-Government in Heraklion Municipality
It also offers online submission of requests via the internet, phone and SMS, eliminating the need to visit council facilities. The Municipality of Heraklion continues with the modernization of its services using information and communication technologies, following its operational, strategic planning and urban planning in steps to harmonize the service processes in the context of the current institutional framework through the development of communication and exchange of data with the implementation of this application. Heraklion Municipality, the new web application, version 1.0, was released with reference to the current boundaries of the municipality.
The collection, digitization and processing of data sets was preceded and in 2015 a study was prepared by the Directorates of the Municipality: a) Urban Planning / Department of Technical Archives, Computerization, b) Programming - Organization / Department of Informatics. Harmonization of the procedures followed with the existing institutional framework for sharing geospatial data and open data. There is a link on the main page of the municipality that opens the library webpage (www.vikelaia.gr).
Referendums: Some of the referenda in which the citizen can take part refer to the following question: 'Should you take part in the Carnival carnival events?'. In fact, this part of the electronic services of the Heraklion Municipality has been inactive since 2016. Analytical data on the municipality's income and expenses are available online on the municipality's website.
RESEARCH METHOD, PRESENTATION OF THE RESULTS
METHOD
- Research method
- Methodological instrument
- Population and Sample of the research
The second set consists of five questions (questions 6-10), which investigate the attitude of employees towards e-government. The questions used in this research are of a closed type, as this type can be coded and statistically analyzed, and at the same time, it is easier for the participants to complete them themselves, even in an online format (Cohen et al., 2007). The research sample consists of those individuals who, as part of a larger set, have the characteristics necessary to participate in a certain research (Cohen et al., 2007).
More specifically, the sample is a subgroup of the target group that the researcher also wants to investigate. Then, the results for the sample are used to reach conclusions about the target population (Creswell, 2013). Therefore, the determination of the sampling method depends on what the research is investigating, but also on other parameters, such as easy access to it by the researcher (Javeau, 2000).
In terms of sample size, Cohen et al. 2007) mention that there is no specific number of participants, as in many cases the researcher does not directly control the sample (e.g. there may be no response from the participants due to lack of time or there are not so many participants in the specific environment studied). On the other hand, Javeau (2000) states that in the quantitative study the sample should be more than 30, while Delice (2010) states that in the quantitative research there should be a sample of 30-500 individuals. The questionnaire was sent to 309 employees in Heraklion Municipality, and the sample consists of 101 employees working in Heraklion Municipality.
Descriptive statistics
- Demografic profile of the respondents
- Attitudes towards e-Governmentand familiarity with electronic services
- Opinions about e-Government
Using a 5-point Likert scale (1=never, 2=rarely, 3=often, 4=very often, 5=always), the following figure shows the tasks the respondents have performed in descriptive terms and more precisely through the depiction of it means. Using the above 5-point Likert scale, the following figure shows the participants' attitudes towards specific uses in descriptive terms and more precisely through the depiction of the means. Using the above 5-point Likert scale, the following figure shows the participants' attitudes towards e-government in descriptive terms and more precisely through the depiction of the means.
However, it does not allow citizens to participate at all in the municipal decision-making process (electronic referenda) (32.7%). It provides information on planning the municipality's actions, decision-making and implementation. It offers citizens the opportunity to participate in the municipal decision-making process (electronic referenda).
It provides information on planning the operation of the municipality, decision-making and. It enables citizens to participate in municipal decision-making (electronic referendums). It improves relations between the municipality, businessmen and other public structures. It contributes to the reorganization of the public.
Costs and benefits for the Municipality Costs and benefits for citizens and businesses Increased efficiency of services Number of users of electronic services. Using the above 5-point Likert scale, the figure below shows the opinions of the participants about whom the evaluation results were announced.
Inferential statistics
The table below shows the results of the tests regarding the influence of the demographic profile (age, years of experience and department/organization) on the participants. As can be seen, age and length of service have a greater influence on the knowledge of computers in the private life of the respondents, while their opinion about e-government services is more influenced by the department/organization in which the respondents work.
CONCLUSIONS, DISCUSSION SUGGESTIONS
This results in a rapid degradation of the logistics infrastructure and a difficult response to new requirements. In addition, there is no comprehensive training of employees on basic computer matters, as well as on advanced IT applications. Due to bureaucratic procedures, there is a long gap between emphasizing the need to modernize the information infrastructure and installing new systems. The results are communicated to all interested parties and are available on the agencies' official websites.
In Heraklion Municipality, employees are not aware of the results of using e-government systems. Communicating the results of using the e-government systems in the municipality and their public visibility would create a positive intention for their use on behalf of the employees, as well as trust on behalf of the citizens. Overall, the results of the current study coincide with those conducted in the past in other countries.
Therefore, it is necessary for the Hraklion Municipality to expand the services offered to government organizations and to municipal employees. In addition, the e-government system does not allow citizens to participate at all in the municipal decision-making process (electronic referenda). Furthermore, employees claimed that citizens do not find the municipality's e-government systems to be largely secure.
Limitations of the study and suggestions for further research
Hahamis P Iles J and Healy M (2005) “e-Government in Greece: Bridging the gap Between Need and Reality” The Electronic Journal of e-Government Volume 3 Issue 4, pp 185-192, available online at www.ejeg.com . Evolution of the 20 core e-government services in. http://www.ktpae.gr/uploaded/anakoinwseis/20_vasikes_yphresies.pdf. The digital divide and the quality of electronic service delivery in local government in the United Kingdom.
It was created using Google Forms and the link was sent to Heraklion Municipality officials via email. Searches legislation/instructions in databases Use a specialized commercial application for the needs of the job. In your opinion, to what extent the following applies to Heraklion Municipality.
14 With regard to public services, to what extent do citizens agree with the following: (1=Don't know, 2=Not many, 3=Enough, 4=A lot, 5=A lot). In your opinion, the following factors are obstacles to an effective implementation of e-government in Heraklion Municipality (1= I don't know, 2= Not at all, 3= . Enough, 4= A lot, 5= Very much). Do you believe that the municipality of Heraklion has future plans for the development of e-government (1= I don't know, 2=Notatal, 3=Enough, 4=A lot, 5=A lot):.