ɍȾɄ 725
Ƚɟɬɭɧ Ƚɚɥɢɧɚ ȼ’ɹɱɟɫɥɚɜɿɜɧɚ
Ʉɚɧɞɢɞɚɬ ɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɢɯ ɧɚɭɤ, ɩɪɨɮɟɫɨɪ
Ʉɢʀɜɫɶɤɢɣ ɧɚɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɢɣ ɭɧɿɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɛɭɞɿɜɧɢɰɬɜɚ ɿ ɚɪɯɿɬɟɤɬɭɪɢ, Ʉɢʀɜ
Ʌɟɫɶɤɨ ȱɝɨɪ Ɇɢɤɨɥɚɣɨɜɢɱ
Ⱥɫɩɿɪɚɧɬɤɚɮɟɞɪɢ ɚɪɯɿɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɢɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɣ
Ʉɢʀɜɫɶɤɢɣ ɧɚɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɢɣ ɭɧɿɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɛɭɞɿɜɧɢɰɬɜɚ ɿ ɚɪɯɿɬɟɤɬɭɪɢ, Ʉɢʀɜ
ȼɂɁɇȺɑȿɇɇə ɈɉɈɊɍ ɌȿɉɅɈɉȿɊȿȾȺɑȱɋɍɆȱɓȿɇɈȽɈ ɉɈɄɊɂɌɌə ɄɈɆȻȱɇɈȼȺɇɈȽɈ ɌɂɉɍȻȺȽȺɌɈɄȼȺɊɌɂɊɇɈȽɈ ɀɂɌɅɈȼɈȽɈ ȻɍȾɂɇɄɍ
Ⱥɧɨɬɚɰɿɹ. ȿɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɢɦ ɲɥɹɯɨɦ ɜ ɧɚɬɭɪɧɢɯ ɭɦɨɜɚɯ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɨ ɨɩɿɪ ɬɟɩɥɨɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɿ ɫɭɦɿɳɟɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɤɪɢɬɬɹ, ɹɤɟ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɧɟ ɤɨɦɛɿɧɚɰɿɽɸ ɤɥɚɫɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɬɚ ɿɧɜɟɪɫɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɿɜ ɩɨɤɪɿɜɟɥɶ ɧɚɞ ɠɢɬɥɨɜɢɦ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɨɦ.Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɨɚɧɚɥɿɡɨɜɚɧɿ ɧɚ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɿɫɬɶ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɢɦ ɜɢɦɨɝɚɦ ɬɚ ɪɨɡɪɚɯɭɧɤɨɜɢɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹɦ.
Ʉɥɸɱɨɜɿ ɫɥɨɜɚ: ɫɭɦɿɳɟɧɿ ɩɨɤɪɢɬɬɹ; ɨɰɿɧɤɚ ɬɟɩɥɨɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɿɜ ɨɝɨɪɨɞɠɭɜɚɥɶɧɢɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɣ; ɟɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɢɣ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ
ɉɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɢ
Ⱦɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɜɿɪɤɢ ɬɚ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɸ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɫɬɿ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɢɦ ɜɢɦɨɝɚɦ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɧɢɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɶ ɬɟɩɥɨɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɿɜ ɨɝɨɪɨɞɠɭɜɚɥɶɧɢɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɣ ɛɭɞɿɜɟɥɶ ɿ ɫɩɨɪɭɞ ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɢ ɟɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɿ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ. ȿɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɿ ɜɢɩɪɨɛɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɦɨɠɭɬɶ ɜɢɤɨɧɭɜɚɬɢɫɶ ɜ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɢɯ ɚɛɨ ɧɚɬɭɪɧɢɯ ɭɦɨɜɚɯ ɡ ɞɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɧɹɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɢ [5].
Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɨɸ ɩɟɪɟɜɚɝɨɸ ɧɚɬɭɪɧɢɯ ɜɢɩɪɨɛɭɜɚɧɶ ɽ ɬɟ, ɳɨ ɜɢɩɪɨɛɭɜɚɥɶɧɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɹ ɩɟɪɟɛɭɜɚɽ ɜ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɢɯ ɭɦɨɜɚɯ ɟɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɿʀ ɞɨɜɝɢɣ ɱɚɫ(ɧɚ ɜɿɞɦɿɧɭ ɜɿɞ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɢɯ) ɡɚ ɹɤɢɣ ɜ ɧɿɣ ɜɿɞɛɭɥɢɫɹ ɚɛɨ ɜɿɞɛɭɜɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɿ ɡɦɿɧɢ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɥɨɝɿɫɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɧɭ. ɇɟɞɨɥɿɤɨɦ ɞɚɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɭ ɹɜɥɹɽɬɶɫɹ ɜɿɞɫɭɬɧɿɫɬɶ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɭ ɞɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɿɯ ɲɚɪɿɜ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿʀ ɞɥɹ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɧɢɯ ɬɟɩɥɨɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɿɜ ɬɚ ɩɪɢɱɢɧ ɡɦɿɧɢ ɨɩɨɪɭ ɬɟɩɥɨɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɿ.
Ⱥɧɚɥɿɡ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɢɯ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɶ ɬɚ ɩɭɛɥɿɤɚɰɿɣ
Ȼɿɥɶɲɿɫɬɶ ɩɭɛɥɿɤɚɰɿɣ ɧɚ ɬɟɦɭ ɟɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɢɯ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɶ ɨɩɨɪɭ ɬɟɩɥɨɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɿ ɡɨɪɿɽɧɬɨɜɚɧɚ ɧɚ ɫɬɿɧɨɜɿ ɨɝɨɪɨɞɠɭɸɱɿ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿʀ.
ɉɨɤɪɢɬɬɹɦ ɞɨɫɿ ɩɪɢɞɿɥɹɥɨɫɹ ɦɚɥɨ ɭɜɚɝɢ.
Ɇɟɬɚ ɪɨɛɨɬɢ
ɉɪɨɜɟɫɬɢ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɬɟɩɥɨɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɨɝɨɪɨɞɠɭɜɚɥɶɧɨʀ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿʀ (ɫɭɦɿɳɟɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɤɪɢɬɬɹ) ɡɚ ɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɨɸ ɟɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɭ ɜ ɧɚɬɭɪɧɢɯ ɭɦɨɜɚɯ.
ɉɪɨɚɧɚɥɿɡɭɜɚɬɢ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɿɫɬɶ ɞɚɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɤɪɢɬɬɹ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɢɦ ɜɢɦɨɝɚɦ.
Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɚ ɱɚɫɬɢɧɚ
Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɹ ɧɚɬɭɪɧɢɯ ɜɢɩɪɨɛɭɜɚɧɶ ɛɭɥɨ ɨɛɪɚɧɨ 24-ɨɯ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɨɜɢɣ ɠɢɬɥɨɜɢɣ ɛɭɞɢɧɨɤɭɦ.
Ʉɢɽɜɿ (ɞɟɬɚɥɶɧɚ ɚɞɪɟɫɚ ɬɚ ɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɿ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɦɨɠɭɬɶ ɛɭɬɢ ɧɚɞɚɧɿ ɩɿɫɥɹ ɩɨɝɨɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɿɡ ɟɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɭɸɱɨɸ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿɽɸ). Ȼɭɞɢɧɨɤ (ɪɢɫ. 1) ɛɭɜ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɟɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɿɸ ɜ 2015 ɪɨɰɿ. Ⱦɥɹ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɨɛɪɚɧɨɫɭɦɿɳɟɧɟ ɩɨɤɪɢɬɬɹ ɧɚ ɜɿɞɦɿɬɰɿ +79,480 ɦ, ɹɤɟ ɪɨɡɦɟɠɨɜɭɽ ɨɩɚɥɸɜɚɥɶɧɿ ɠɢɬɥɨɜɿ ɩɪɢɦɿɳɟɧɧɹ ɬɚ ɡɨɜɧɿɲɧɽ ɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɟ.
Ɋɢɫɭɧɨɤ 1 - Ɏɨɬɨ ɨɛ’ɽɤɬɚ.Ɍɟɩɥɨɜɿɡɿɣɧɢɣ ɡɧɿɦɨɤ.
Ɂɚɝɚɥɶɧɿ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɢ
ȼɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɬɟɩɥɨɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɿɜ ɜɢɤɨɧɭɜɚɥɢɫɹ ɭ ɞɜɨɪɿɜɧɟɜɿɣ ɤɜɚɪɬɢɪɿ ɩɪɨɬɹɝɨɦ
49
ȿɧɟɪɝɨɟɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɿɫɬɶ ɜ ɛɭɞɿɜɧɢɰɬɜɿ ɬɚ ɚɪɯɿɬɟɤɬɭɪɿ. ȼɢɩɭɫɤ ʋ 948 ɝɨɞ. ɋɟɪɟɞɧɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɶɨɝɨ ɩɨɜɿɬɪɹ ɫɤɥɚɞɚɥɚ 20,33 °ɋ.
Ʉɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜ (ɩɨɲɚɪɨɜɢɣ ɫɤɥɚɞ)ɫɭɦɿɳɟɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɤɪɢɬɬɹ ɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ.2.
- ɬɪɨɬɭɚɪɧɚ ɩɥɢɬɤɚ/ɝɪɚɜɿɣ - ɪɨɡɞɿɥɨɜɢɣ ɲɚɪ ɝɟɨɬɟɤɫɬɢɥɸ
- ɭɬɟɩɥɸɜɚɱ ɡ ɟɤɫɬɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɨɝɨ ɩɿɧɨɩɨɥɿɫɬɢɪɨɥɭ - ɪɨɡɞɿɥɨɜɢɣ ɲɚɪ ɝɟɨɬɟɤɫɬɢɥɸ
- ɝɿɞɪɨɿɡɨɥɹɰɿɹ
- ɪɨɡɞɿɥɨɜɢɣ ɲɚɪ ɿɡ ɫɤɥɨɬɤɚɧɢɧɢ
- ɭɬɟɩɥɸɜɚɱ ɡ ɟɤɫɬɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɨɝɨ ɩɿɧɨɩɨɥɿɫɬɢɪɨɥɭ - ɩɚɪɨɿɡɨɥɹɰɿɹ
- ɩɨɯɢɥɨɭɬɜɨɪɸɸɱɢɣ ɲɚɪ ɡ ɩɨɥɿɫɬɢɪɨɥɛɟɬɨɧɭ - 20-394 ɦɦ -ɡ. ɛ. ɩɥɢɬɚ ɩɟɪɟɤɪɢɬɬɹ
Ɋɢɫɭɧɨɤ2 - ɋɤɥɚɞ ɩɥɢɬɢ ɩɨɤɪɢɬɬɹ
Ⱦɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɹ ɡɚ ɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɨɸ ɦɨɛɿɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɭ ɞɥɹ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɟɧɟɪɝɨɟɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɣ, ɬɟɩɥɨɜɿɡɨɪɚ, ɩɿɪɨɦɟɬɪɚ, ɛɚɪɨɦɟɬɪɚ ɬɚ ɚɧɟɦɨɦɟɬɪɚ.
Ɇɨɛɿɥɶɧɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɦɚɽ 4 ɝɪɭɩɢ
ɩɟɪɟɬɜɨɪɸɜɚɱɿɜ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɨɤɭ ɞɥɹ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɨɤɭ ɿ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɟɜɨʀ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɢ ɜ ɱɨɬɢɪɶɨɯ ɬɨɱɤɚɯ ɨɝɨɪɨɞɠɭɜɚɥɶɧɨʀ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿʀ, ɬɚ 12 ɬɟɪɦɨɩɚɪ ɞɥɹ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɢ ɧɚɜɤɨɥɢɲɧɶɨɝɨ ɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɚ.
ɚ) ɛ)
Ɋɢɫɭɧɨɤ3 - Ɋɨɡɦɿɳɟɧɧɹ ɞɚɬɱɢɤɿɜ (ɜɫɶɨɝɨ 18 ɲɬ.) ɉɌ ɬɚ ɉɌɉ ɡ ɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɶɨʀ (ɚ) ɬɚ ɡɨɜɧɿɲɧɶɨʀ (ɛ) ɫɬɨɪɨɧɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿʀ Ɉɛɪɚɧɭ ɞɿɥɹɧɤɭ ɩɨɤɪɢɬɬɹ ɛɭɥɨ ɪɨɡɛɢɬɨ ɧɚ 4
ɡɨɧɢ ɩɥɨɳɟɸ ɩɨ 0,25 ɦ2, ɩɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɭ ɤɨɠɧɨʀ ɛɭɥɢ ɪɨɡɬɚɲɨɜɚɧɿ ɬɟɩɥɨɦɿɪɢ ɬɚ ɬɟɪɦɨɩɚɪɢ ɡɝɿɞɧɨ [5](ɪɢɫ. 3). Ʉɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɹ ɡɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɭɫɬɚɥɟɧɨɦɭ ɪɟɠɢɦɿ ɟɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɿʀ. Ⱦɚɧɧɿ ɡɚɩɢɫɭɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɦɨɛɿɥɶɧɢɦ
ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɨɦ ɡ ɿɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɨɦ 1ɯɜɢɥɢɧɚ. ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɿ ɨɛɪɨɛɤɢ ɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɢɯ ɞɚɧɢɯ ɛɭɥɢ ɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɿ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɧɿ ɭɫɟɪɟɞɧɟɧɿ ɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɢ (ɬɚɛɥ. 1).
Ɋɨɡɩɨɞɿɥ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ ɩɨ ɡɨɜɧɿɲɧɿɣ ɿ ɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɿɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɹɯ ɩɨɤɪɢɬɬɹ ɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɨ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 4-5.
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɹ 1 – Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢ ɬɟɩɥɨɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɢɯ ɜɢɦɿɪɸɜɚɧɶ
ɇɚɡɜɚ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɢ ɍɫɟɪɟɞɧɟɧɿ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ
Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɧɚɜɤɨɥɢɲɧɶɨɝɨ ɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɚ ɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɹ Ɍɇɋ.ȼɇ.,°ɋ 20,33
Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɧɚɜɤɨɥɢɲɧɶɨɝɨ ɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɚ ɡɨɜɧɿɲɧɹ Ɍɇɋ.ɁɈȼ.,°ɋ -5,84
Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɿ ɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɹ Ɍɉ.ȼɇ.,°ɋ 19,67
Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɿ ɡɨɜɧɿɲɧɹ Ɍɉ.ɁɈȼ.,°ɋ -5,78
ɉɨɜɟɪɯɧɟɜɚ ɝɭɫɬɢɧɚ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɨɤɭ q, ȼɬ/ɦ2 4,29
Energy-efficiency in civil engineering and architecture. Issue No. 9
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Ɋɢɫɭɧɨɤ 4 -Ɍɟɩɥɨɜɿɡɿɣɧɢɣ ɡɧɿɦɨɤ. Ɋɨɡɩɨɞɿɥ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ ɩɨ ɡɨɜɧɿɲɧɿɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɿ ɩɨɤɪɢɬɬɹ
Ɋɢɫɭɧɨɤ 5 - Ɋɨɡɦɿɳɟɧɧɹ ɞɚɬɱɢɤɿɜ ɿ ɪɨɡɩɨɞɿɥ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ ɡ ɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɶɨʀ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿʀ
Ɂɝɿɞɧɨ ɡ [5] ɛɭɥɨ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɨ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɢɣ ɬɟɪɦɿɱɧɢɣ ɨɩɿɪ RɈɄ = 5,93 ɦ2°ɋ/ȼɬ ɬɚ ɫɭɦɚɪɧɢɣ ɨɩɿɪ ɬɟɩɥɨɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɿ RȈ = 6,1 ɦ2°ɋ/ȼɬ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿʀ ɩɨɤɪɢɬɬɹ. ȼɿɞɧɨɫɧɚ ɩɨɯɢɛɤɚ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɨɩɨɪɭ ɬɟɩɥɨɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɿ ɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɜɢɳɭɽ 5 % ɡɝɿɞɧɨ [7].
Ɋɨɡɪɚɯɭɧɤɨɜɢɣ ɨɩɿɪ ɬɟɩɥɨɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɿ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿʀ ɛɟɡɩɨɫɟɪɟɞɧɶɨ ɜ ɡɨɧɿ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɹ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɫɤɥɚɞɚɽ 5,92 ɦ2°ɋ/ȼɬ ɿ ɤɨɥɢɜɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɦɟɠɚɯ ɩɨɤɪɿɜɥɿ ɜɿɞ 4,8 ɦ2 °ɋ/ȼɬ (ɡɨɧɚ ɜɨɞɨɡɛɨɪɭ) ɞɨ 8,46 ɦ2 °ɋ/ȼɬ (ɩɚɪɚɩɟɬɧɚ ɡɨɧɚ).
Ɂɝɿɞɧɨ ɡ [4] ɦɿɧɿɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɨɩɨɪɭ ɬɟɩɥɨɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɿ ɫɭɦɿɳɟɧɢɯ ɩɨɤɪɢɬɬɿɜɞɥɹ
ȱ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨʀ ɡɨɧɢ ɩɨɜɢɧɧɨ ɫɤɥɚɞɚɬɢ6 ɦ2·Ʉ/ȼɬ.
Ⱦɨɫɥɿɞɠɭɜɚɧɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɹ ɧɚ ɞɟɹɤɢɯ ɞɿɥɹɧɤɚɯ ɩɨɤɪɢɬɬɹ ɞɟɳɨ ɧɟ ɡɚɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɹɽ ɜɢɦɨɝɭ RȈɩɪ R qmin.
Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɢɣ ɩɟɪɟɩɚɞ ɦɿɠ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɸ ɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɶɨɝɨ ɩɨɜɿɬɪɹ ɿ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɨɸ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɸ ɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɶɨʀ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɿ ɨɝɨɪɨɞɠɭɜɚɥɶɧɨʀ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿʀ ɡɚ ɱɚɫ ɜɢɩɪɨɛɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɜɢɳɭɜɚɜ 1 °ɋ, ɬɨɛɬɨ ɭɦɨɜɚ ǻtɩɪ ǻtcɝ = = 3 °ɋ, - ɬɚɤɨɠ ɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɭɽɬɶɫɹ.
Ɇɿɧɿɦɚɥɶɧɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɶɨʀ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɿ ɨɝɨɪɨɞɠɭɜɚɥɶɧɿɣ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿʀ (ɪɢɫ. 6) ɛɭɥɨ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɨ ɜ ɦɿɫɰɿ ɩɟɪɟɬɢɧɭ ʀʀ ɡ ɮɚɫɚɞɧɨɸ ɫɬɿɧɨɸ, ɿ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɥɨ 13 °ɋ (IJ ɜ min>tmin = 10,68 °ɋ).
Ɋɢɫɭɧɨɤ6 -Ɍɟɩɥɨɜɿɡɿɣɧɢɣ ɡɧɿɦɨɤ. Ⱦɿɥɹɧɤɢ ɡ ɧɚɣɦɟɧɲɢɦɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹɦɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɿ (t =10,3 °ɋ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɨ ɧɚ ɜɿɤɨɧɧɿɣ ɪɚɦɿ)
ȼɢɫɧɨɜɤɢ
ȼɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨ ɞɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɿɜ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɬɟɩɥɨɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɿɜ ɫɭɦɿɳɟɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɤɪɢɬɬɹ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɧɢɣ ɨɩɿɪ ɬɟɩɥɨɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɿ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɽ ɪɨɡɪɚɯɭɧɤɨɜɨɦɭ (ɞɥɹ ɤɜɚɪɬɢɪɢ, ɭ ɹɤɿɣ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɜɢɦɿɪɸɜɚɧɧɹ). ɉɪɨɬɟ ɭ ɦɿɫɰɹɯ ɜɨɞɨɡɛɨɪɭ (ɞɟ ɭɯɢɥɨɭɬɜɨɪɸɸɱɢɣ ɲɚɪ ɦɚɽ ɧɚɣɦɟɧɲɭ ɬɨɜɳɢɧɭ) ɨɩɿɪ ɬɟɩɥɨɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɿ ɦɨɠɟ ɛɭɬɢ ɧɢɠɱɢɦ ɡɚ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɢɣ.
Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɿ ɫɬɟɥɿ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɡɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɚɫɶ ɜ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɢɯ ɦɟɠɚɯ. ȼɢɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɹɦ ɹɜɥɹɥɚɫɶ ɞɿɥɹɧɤɚ, ɩɥɨɳɟɸ ɞɨ 0,5 ɦ2, ɭ ɦɿɫɰɿ ɩɟɪɟɬɢɧɭ ɩɨɤɪɢɬɬɹ ɡ ɮɚɫɚɞɧɨɸ ɫɬɿɧɨɸ. Ⱦɥɹ ɭɫɭɧɟɧɧɹ ɞɚɧɨɝɨ ɦɿɫɰɹ ɩɿɞɜɢɳɟɧɢɯ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɬɪɚɬ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɨɜɚɧɨ ɩɨɜɧɿɫɬɸ ɭɬɟɩɥɸɜɚɬɢ ɡɚɥɿɡɨɛɟɬɨɧɧɿ ɩɚɪɚɩɟɬɢ ɡ ɭɫɿɯ ɫɬɨɪɿɧ.
ɇɚɬɭɪɧɿ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɨɩɨɪɭ ɬɟɩɥɨɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɿ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɢ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɭ ɤɚɪɬɢɧɭ ɫɬɚɧɭ ɬɟɩɥɨɿɡɨɥɹɰɿɣɧɨʀ ɨɛɨɥɨɧɤɢ ɛɭɞɿɜɥɿ. ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɿ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɡɚ ɮɿɤɫɨɜɚɧɨ ɜɿɞɯɢɥɟɧɧɹ ɜɿɞ
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ȿɧɟɪɝɨɟɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɿɫɬɶ ɜ ɛɭɞɿɜɧɢɰɬɜɿ ɬɚ ɚɪɯɿɬɟɤɬɭɪɿ. ȼɢɩɭɫɤ ʋ 9ɪɨɡɪɚɯɭɧɤɨɜɢɯ ɬɟɩɥɨɮɿɡɢɱɧɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿʀ, ɬɨɦɭ ɩɨɫɬɚɽ ɩɢɬɚɧɧɹ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɩɟɪɲɨɩɪɢɱɢɧ ɰɢɯ ɜɿɞɯɢɥɟɧɶ ɬɚ ʀɯ ɜɩɥɢɜ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɸ ɩɪɨɬɹɝɨɦ ɜɫɶɨɝɨ ɬɟɪɦɿɧɭ ɟɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɿʀ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɰɶɨɝɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨ ɦɚɬɢ ɦɨɠɥɢɜɿɫɬɶ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɭ ɞɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɿɯ ɱɚɫɬɢɧ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿʀ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɹ ɞɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɢɯ ɜɢɦɿɪɸɜɚɧɶ ɬɚ ɜɡɹɬɬɹ ɩɪɨɛ ɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɿɜ ɩɨɤɪɢɬɬɹ. ȼ ɛɭɞɿɜɥɹɯ ɬɚ ɫɩɨɪɭɞɚɯ, ɳɨ
ɟɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɭɸɬɶɫɹ,ɨɬɪɢɦɚɬɢ ɞɨɡɜɿɥ ɜɿɞ ɜɥɚɫɧɢɤɿɜ ɩɪɢɦɿɳɟɧɶ ɬɚ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɥɶɧɢɯ ɫɥɭɠɛ ɧɚ ɪɨɡɤɪɢɬɬɹ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɣ (ɧɚɜɿɬɶ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɨ) ɽ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɬɢɱɧɢɦ.
Ɍɨɦɭ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɹ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɜɢɩɪɨɛɭɜɚɧɶ ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨ ɜɢɤɨɧɭɜɚɬɢ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɚɛɨ ɩɚɪɚɥɟɥɶɧɨ ɡ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɹɦ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɧɢɯ ɪɨɛɿɬ ɱɢ ɲɥɹɯɨɦ ɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɹ ɟɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɢɯ ɱɚɫɬɢɧ ɛɭɞɿɜɟɥɶ.
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Ʌɿɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ
1. Ƚɟɬɭɧ Ƚ.ȼ. Ⱥɪɯɿɬɟɤɬɭɪɚ ɛɭɞɿɜɟɥɶ ɬɚ ɫɩɨɪɭɞ. Ʉɧɢɝɚ 1.Ɉɫɧɨɜɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ: ɉɿɞɪɭɱɧɢɤ/ Ƚɟɬɭɧ Ƚ.ȼ.– Ʉ.:
ɄɈɇȾɈɊ, 2011. – 378 ɫ.
2. ȾȻɇ ȼ.2.6-14-97. Ʉɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿʀɛɭɞɢɧɤɿɜ i ɫɩɨɪɭɞ. ɉɨɤɪɢɬɬɹ ɛɭɞɢɧɤɿɜ i ɫɩɨɪɭɞ. – Ʉ.: Ⱦɟɪɠɤɨɦɦɿɫɬɨɛɭɞɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ, 1998. – 150 ɫ.
3. ȾȻɇ ȼ.2.2-15-2005. ɀɢɬɥɨɜɿ ɛɭɞɢɧɤɢ. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɿ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɹ. – Ʉ.: Ⱦɟɪɠɛɭɞ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ, 2005. – 36 ɫ.
4. ȾȻɇ ȼ.2.6-31:2016. Ɍɟɩɥɨɜɚ ɿɡɨɥɹɰɿɹ ɛɭɞɿɜɟɥɶ. – Ʉ.: Ɇɿɧɪɟɝɿɨɧɛɭɞ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ, 2016. – 36 ɫ.
5. ȾɋɌɍ Ȼ ȼ.2.6-101:2010.Ɇɟɬɨɞ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɨɩɨɪɭ ɬɟɩɥɨɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɿ ɨɝɨɪɨɞɠɭɜɚɥɶɧɢɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɣ. – Ʉ.:
Ɇɿɧɪɟɝɿɨɧɛɭɞ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ, 2010. – 84 ɫ.
6. ȾɋɌɍ Ȼ ȼ.2.6-189:2013. Ɇɟɬɨɞɢ ɜɢɛɨɪɭ ɬɟɩɥɨɿɡɨɥɹɰɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɭ ɞɥɹ ɭɬɟɩɥɟɧɧɹ ɛɭɞɿɜɟɥɶ. – Ʉ.:
Ɇɿɧɪɟɝɿɨɧɛɭɞ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ, 2013. – 52 ɫ.
7. ȾɋɌɍ ȽɈɋɌ 8.207:2008. Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɣ. ɉɪɹɦɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɦɧɨɝɨɤɪɚɬɧɵɦɢ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹɦɢ. Ɇɟɬɨɞɵ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ.
8. Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ Ɇ00013184.5.023-01. ȼɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɢɯ ɩɨɬɨɤɿɜ ɤɪɿɡɶ ɨɝɨɪɨɞɠɭɜɚɥɶɧɿ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿʀ//
ɇɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɢɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬ Ⱦɟɪɠɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɿɬɟɬɭ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɡ ɟɧɟɪɝɨɡɛɟɪɟɠɟɧɧɹ ɬɚ Ⱦɟɪɠɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɿɬɟɬɭ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɡ ɛɭɞɿɜɧɢɰɬɜɚ ɬɚ ɚɪɯɿɬɟɤɬɭɪɢ. - Ʉɢʀɜ: Ʌɨɝɨɫ, 2002. - 131 ɫ.
9. Ɏɚɪɟɧɸɤ Ƚ.Ƚ. Ɉɫɧɨɜɢ ɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɟɧɧɹ ɟɧɟɪɝɨɟɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿ ɛɭɞɢɧɤɿɜ ɬɚ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨʀ ɧɚɞɿɣɧɨɫɬɿ ɨɝɨɪɨɞɠɭɜɚɥɶɧɢɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɣ: ɦɨɧɨɝɪɚɮɿɹ/ Ƚ.Ƚ. Ɏɚɪɟɧɸɤ. – Ʉ.: Ƚɚɦɚ-ɉɪɢɧɬ. – 2009. – 211ɫ.
10. Mat Santamouris. Advances in Building Energy Research, vol 3, p.322.Published by Earthscan in the UK /London/ and USA /Sterling, VA/ in 2009.
ɋɬɚɬɬɹ ɧɚɞɿɣɲɥɚ ɜ ɪɟɞɤɨɥɟɝɿɸ 18.03.2017 Ɋɟɰɟɧɡɟɧɬ: ɞ.ɬ.ɧ., ɩɪɨɮ. ȼ.Ɉ. ɉɥɨɫɤɢɣ, Ʉɢʀɜɫɶɤɢɣ ɧɚɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɢɣ ɭɧɿɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɛɭɞɿɜɧɢɰɬɜɚ ɿ ɚɪɯɿɬɟɤɬɭɪɢ, Ʉɢʀɜ.
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Ƚɟɬɭɧ Ƚɚɥɢɧɚ ȼɹɱɟɫɥɚɜɨɜɧɚ
Ʉɚɧɞɢɞɚɬ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɭɤ, ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪ
Ʉɢɟɜɫɤɢɣ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɵ, Ʉɢɟɜ Ʌɟɫɤɨ ɂɝɨɪɶ ɇɢɤɨɥɚɟɜɢɱ
Ⱥɫɩɢɪɚɧɬ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɵ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ
Ʉɢɟɜɫɤɢɣ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɵ, Ʉɢɟɜ
ɈɉɊȿȾȿɅȿɇɂȿ ɋɈɉɊɈɌɂȼɅȿɇɂə ɌȿɉɅɈɉȿɊȿȾȺɑȿ ɋɈȼɆȿɓȿɇɇɈȽɈ ɉɈɄɊɕɌɂə ɄɈɆȻɂɇɂɊɈȼȺɇɇɈȽɈ ɌɂɉȺ
ɆɇɈȽɈɄȼȺɊɌɂɊɇɈȽɈ ɀɂɅɈȽɈ ȾɈɆȺ
Ⱥɧɧɨɬɚɰɢɹ. ɗɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɜ ɧɚɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɨ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɩɥɨɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɟɫɨɜɦɟɳɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɤɨɦɛɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ.Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɧɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɢɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɵɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɦ.
Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ: ɫɨɜɦɟɳɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɹ; ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɬɟɩɥɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɨɝɪɚɠɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ; ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ.
Getun Galina
Doctor of Philosophy, Professor
Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv Lesko Ihor
Postgraduate studentarchitectural constructions
Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv
EVALUATION OF TERMAL RESISTANCE
FOR RESIDENTIAL APARTMENTS COMBINED FLAT ROOF
Abstract. Residential apartments combined flat roof was tested by experimental method in real conditions.Results of the study were analysedand compared with regulatory requirements and the project values.
Keywords: combined flat roofs; evaluation of thermal parameters for envelope structures; experimental method.
