ECONOMICAL HERALD

The world financial crisis has clearly demonstrated acute problems in the innovative development of the former Soviet Republics (USSR). The consequence of the economic order established in the former Soviet Republics is their innovation gap with developed countries.

Table 1 Some Indicators of Innovative Activity in the World * LMIC — low and middle income countries (according to the World Bank classification)

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT P ART I

Introduction: Orthodox and Heterodox Economics about Financial Markets in the

In particular, post-Keynesian and institutional approaches reject the idea of unlimited rational behavior in financial markets (as well as in other markets) due to the importance of various information problems, such as the uncertainty of the future, the extensiveness and complexity of information, as well as asymmetric information (Ees and Garretsen, 1993; Lavoie, 1994). ; Davidson, 1996; Hodgson, 1997; Dequech, 2000a). Sometimes providers and demanders in financial markets behave according to the principle of bounded rationality (see on this principle in Simon, 1959; Dequech, 2000c).

IN THE 1990s AND NEW CRITIQUE OF THE BIG BANG POLICY

In short, all possibilities of negative impact of financial markets on the real sector are irrevocably excluded. Heterodox (post-Keynesian and institutional) economics, on the other hand, proves that the expansion of financial markets can harm the real sector for various reasons.

HETERODOX APPROACH

Demand in the Financial Markets in the Transition Economies
Supply in the financial markets in the transition economies
Heterodox Economics of Initial Financial Markets Dynamics in the Transition Economies
The Implications for Policy and Conclusions The main practical conclusions are the following

It is one of the most important patterns of portfolio choice in the transition economies. The expansion of the financial markets in the transition economies must always be controlled and managed by the state.

OF THE MODERN ECONOMIC SYSTEM

The modern development of the economic system is based on the formation and implementation of innovative development models. The development of technological progress is recurrent due to economic fluctuations and uneven development of innovations [11].

І. Conceptualization of economic development in the paradigm of the modern

Necessary and sufficient conditions of regular optimality

In the conditions of regular equilibrium, it is possible to perform integration by parts in the Lagrange functional, as a result, the functional will take the form: It is clear that this expression reaches a maximum under partially differentiable functions X )(t , Q(t) with certain initial conditions and partially continuous functions P(t)³0, Y(t) only when almost everywhere at [0, Т]. As far as the function P(t) — is partially continuous, then it is bounded on [0,Т] and then under the properties of the utility function (.)f the inequality is achieved P{t)>0, and the left part of equation (2) is positive and separate from 0 on [0,Т].

OF INTERTEMPORAL BALANCE IN ECONOMY

Statement 2

As can be seen from [3], the integral W(T) has the same origin; this emerges as a result of the agent's job being homogeneous in relation to the funds. It is well known that the negativity of equity is a characteristic feature of the “financial pyramid”.

Statement 3

INTRODUCTION
LEGAL POWER OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT

Foreign trade plays a leading role in external economic relations of the People's Republic of China. Participation in the World Trade Organization is the central direction of trade and economic policy of the УДК 339.5(510).

Table 2 China’s export value by category of commodities

THE ROLE OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT FOR THE FUNCTIONING

Moreover, the accepted meaning of this regulation of the constitution of the CC has been used with the same meaning by all state authorities and organizations. This is evident from some of CC's decisions from recent years. 2 of the Constitution envisages legal but not economic parity, and such has precisely been established in this case.

2 of the Constitution and generally outside the scope of the right to free economic initiative.

CONCLUSION

KS notes that the economic possibilities of entities for carrying out this type of activity are outside the scope of regulation according to Art. 2. One of the recently confirmed decisions of the court turned out to be a key decision for a large sector of the economy, namely the trade in medical products. Article 5 of the CRB, the National Assembly adopts restrictions on economic entities that, by opening a pharmacy, do not have the right to carry out retail sales of medicines.

The subject of this report is the activity of the Constitutional Court (CJK) and its role in implementing the basic principle of the market economy in accordance with the Bulgarian basic law - the free business initiative.

OF DEVELOPMENT

In total, 35% of employees were employed in medium-sized enterprises in 2008 (table 5). Assessment of the state and perspectives of the economic development of monofunctional cities in the Donetsk region. The social and economic development of monofunctional cities also foresees an increase in the specific weight of the production of such cities in the economy of the region.

The modern problems of economic development of the monofunctional cities in the Donetsk region are conditioned by their branch specialization.

Table 2 Comparison of definitions of SMEs (EU) [3, p.35]

IN LITHUANIA

The novelty of the work - the answer to the question of what features of the real estate market and the slowdown can affect the economy of new countries with open economies. Much has been written about the causes of real Table 5 Rate of contribution to real estate price inflation in Lithuanian districts. Among the many explanations is the hypothesis that emphasizes the role of boom and bust in real estate prices.

One of the major social and economic problems in recent years has been the continued property price spiral.

Fig. 1. The classify of the speculative real estate bubble [3, c. 182]

OF SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE IN BULGARIA

Moreover, it is of great importance for the sustainable development of the rural regions and the preservation of the natural environment. Some of the cereal crops can be grown in succession in the same place - wheat,. Two-phase harvest (separate harvest) - in the transition period from wax ripeness to the beginning of full ripeness.

Biological agriculture has been chosen as a pilot agricultural activity within the framework of the agro-ecology measure in the country.

ON INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

It is possible to reduce the extent of the impact of agriculture on the environment, reduce the vulnerability of agricultural production systems to climate change and ensure that agriculture provides more environmental services. Predicted transformation of world agricultural performance in 2080 from climate change. including greenhouse gas emissions from fertilizers) [6]. The absolute energy consumption in buildings is expected to increase in the next 25 years, while maintaining a constant share of the growing global volume.

Basically, with few exceptions, the authors of the first works on economic synergetics were physicists and mathematicians.

COUNTRIES: SYNERGETIC APPROACH

M. Myedvyedyev, PhD (Economics)

OF UKRAINE: DYNAMICS AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC REASONS

On the one hand, the birth rate and the natural rate of increase with respect to the data in Tables 1 and 2 show a clear upward trend with increasing socio-economic development. Stock indices and their dynamics are designed to assess the state of the stock market, making this research topical. The aim of this article is to build a model of interaction between Ukrainian and foreign stock markets and to interpret this model.

To model the long-term relationships, we need to build two correlation models of the PFTS index, MICEX and Dow Jones.

Table 1 Correlation of demographic and socio-economical development of Donetsk city, Donetsk region and Ukraine 1

MODELING THE INTERACTION AMONG THE UKRAINIAN AND FOREIGN STOCK MARKETS

Alyeksyenkova's paper, Borovikova's research on the stock index behavior, Polyuhovich's analytical papers and analysis of the stock indices quality by Belarusian scientist A. The obtained regression equation describes the dependence of the PFTS index on Dow Jones, and PFTS- index on MICEX. Observation value of the Fisher criterion is more than critical, therefore one can conclude about the statistical reliability of determination coefficient with probability 95%.

After checking the adequacy, accuracy and reliability of the designed models (regression equation), they can be used for the analysis and forecasting.

0,646 micex

O. Nykytiuk, postgraduate student

OF INDUSTRIAL ENTITIES IN UKRAINE

One of the main differences between them that there is no liability in foreign companies. It gets the whiff of removal from foreign territories and the reality of the external contractor. Similar problems arise in the analysis of the main player of foreign affairs - foreign companies.

The Bahamas According to offshore transactions, the Bahamas occupies one of the first places in the world.

Table 3 Projected amount and sources of financing silicon production in Ukraine [11].

CONCEPTUAL FUNDAMENTALS AND BASIC FEATURES

Requirements for drawing the balance sheet In Lithuania as well as in the entire European Union

Lithuania applies international and national standards for the withdrawal requirements of the entire group of financial accounts, as well as for one of its constituent elements, namely, the balance sheet. 225] show that in EU countries, IAS has been mandatory to list what constitutes a consolidated set of financial accounts. However, if the annual set of financial accounts is withdrawn from an enterprise that does not comply with BAS, the reasons must be presented in an explanatory document.

That is why there were currently discussions more and more often that lower requirements for the set of financial accounting of smaller enterprises in Lithuania should be introduced [5, p.

POSSIBILITIES

Possibilities for balance sheet improvements Even though the balance sheet the way it is used in

Possibilities for improving the assets part of the balance sheet
Possibilities for improving the part on owned capital and liabilities of the balance sheet

Levi š auskait ė Kristina, Legenzova Renata
V š į Lietuvos Respublikos apskaitos institutas. (2006) 1-ASIS VERSLO APSKAITOS STANDARTAS
V š į Lietuvos Respublikos apskaitos institutas. (2006) 2-ASIS VERSLO APSKAITOS STANDARTAS
calculate credit risk concentration level in credit union (Herfindahl index);
formulate FGP model;
Step 2: to identify the direction of fuzzy type of goals and specify lower tolerance limits for „ >~ “type goals
construct the membership function of the fuzzy goalsbased on the desired tolerance limits
apply the model. For the simple additive model go to Step 4.1 or for weighted additive model go
solve problem, go to Step 5
solve problem according to weights for different goals. If the results do not serve, then solve the
Step 5: if the solution is satisfactory then report the solution as the best compromised solution in the
Step 6: calculate newly formed credit risk concentration level and compare the results

In fact, in IAS 1, the balance sheet is called the statement of financial position at the end of the period. One of the items of short-term real estate in the balance sheet is customer indebtedness. The concept of credit risk in credit unions The World Council of Credit Unions (WOCCU) has put together the PEARLS1 monitoring system.

Most studies have identified commercial banks' need for credit risk management system development.

Table 1 Accounting standards used in the business sector of the EU countries

IN UKRAINE

In accordance with recent changes in the European legislation (2004/18/ES, 2004/17/ES) the term of concession agreement may exceed 30 years, and the compensation of the state may exceed 50% of the total expenditure of the concessionaire's investments. The experience of PPP in the UK contributed to its spread in other countries: the USA, Canada, countries of the European Union, Australia, India and others. PPP in the European sense is an alternative form of added value creation and economic efficiency increase.

Attracting European investments in concession contracts in Ukraine The economic sense of the public-private partnership (PPP) was taken into account.

Fig. 1. PPP projects in the world by fields of use

IN LUGANSK REGION

Collection on request. Curbside collection programs often are available in urban areas to handle bulky
Retail collection. A local store might be willing to allow residents and/or small businesses drop off
Nonprofit/thrift retail collection. This collection model is similar to the retail collection model
Shulayeva, Donetsk Nathional Ttchnical University, Ukraine

This is confirmed by the results of the survey made among the group of people. The results of the survey according to its ranking in descending order are presented in table 2. This means that the value of the indicator is located in the interval «indicator + standard deviation», i.e.

In most EU countries, on-demand e-waste collection is an additional model to the existing waste collection program.

Table 4 Number of births per 1000 women by age in Lugansk

IN THE UKRAINIAN BUSINESS IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS

Voronkov, PhD (Economics),

CONCEPTUAL MODEL BASED ON KNOWLEDGE OF THE PERSONNEL

Khadzhynov, PhD (Economics),Donetsk National University, Ukraine

DIRECT INVESTMENTS

Alternatively, governments may decide to outsource investment promotion activities to the private sector, where it would operate independently or autonomously. Research by Morisset and Andrews-Johnson at FIAS and UNCTAD [5] shows that the effectiveness of investment promotion activities depends on the functions performed by the IPA, as well as the organization, status, budget and staff of the IPA. The World Association of Investment Promotion Agencies [6] conducts training programs and regional meetings for IPA staff.

Research also shows that the Internet is generally viewed as a key tool in promoting investment.