A pesquisa demonstrou que a utilização das práticas de DfE/Ecodesign quanto as variáveis do desempenho são reconhecidas e utilizadas pelas empresas localizadas no Brasil, proporcionam melhorias no desempenho econômico, ambiental e operacional e são ferramentas relevantes à tomada de decisão.
A contribuição deste trabalho está na consolidação de um modelo que explicita de forma clara e eficiente as relações das práticas de DfE/Ecodesign do produto com as variáveis de desempenho ambiental, econômico e operacional dentro das empresas localizadas no Brasil na primeira camada de fornecimento do setor automotivo brasileiro.
Ajustar as principais práticas para adoção em pequenas e médias empresas do setor automotivo traz benefícios e a compreensão dos fatores para inclusão das práticas aceitas por estas empresas mesmo que em outros níveis da cadeia. Embora o segmento estudado tenha sido o Tier 1, estas são atribuições e desafios para o melhor tratamento das questões ambientais no desenvolvimento de produto no Brasil. Permitiu através da resposta de designers e engenheiros de desenvolvimento de produto quantificar e relacionar as prática e variáveis de desempenho identificadas na literatura. No entanto, estas ainda são pouco exploradas na indústria automotiva localizadas no Brasil e nas organizações brasileiras. Estudar as ações tomadas no desenvolvimento de produtos no mercado automotivo brasileiro mostraram que a conquista de incremento no desempenho organizacional com a utilização de práticas do DfE/Ecodesign é resultado que deveriam ser reconhecidos pelas organizações fornecedoras do setor.
Esta pesquisa eventualmente pode servir de orientação para apoiar as empresas nos seus esforços na adoção das práticas de DfE/Ecodesign do produto. Traz contribuições à teoria e à prática de P&D nas áreas de engenharia, gerando conhecimento e benefícios com a aplicação de ferramentas de eco eficiência em um setor industrial relevante, combinando com uma análise de desempenho econômico, ambientais e operacionais. Além disso, gestores e profissionais de fabricação podem usar os princípios e os exemplos apresentados aqui para ampliar sua compreensão
de como mensurar os ganhos com a implantação das práticas de DfE/Ecodesign em seus desenvolvimentos e processo de produção.
Esta pesquisa também apresenta limitações que devem ser destacadas e ajudam no entendimento dos resultados. As práticas de DfE/Ecodesign e variáveis de desempenho ambiental, econômico e operacional identificadas na revisão desta pesquisa foram testadas com profissionais de design e engenharia de produto em empresas no setor automotivo localizadas no Brasil e seus resultados serão específicos para o setor local.
Também a pesquisa tipo survey necessita de uma quantidade significativa de respostas para validação, requer um questionário e a aplicação do mesmo mantendo- se inalterados durante toda a fase de coleta de dados. Por este motivo, os resultados e conclusões obtidos neste trabalho servirão de apoio, mas não poderão ser generalizados em nível mundial.
Conclui-se que os designers e engenheiros de desenvolvimento de produto da indústria automotiva brasileira poderiam considerar o DfE/Ecodesign na prática organizacional, possibilitando reduzir custos, impacto ambiental e contribuindo com a literatura científica usando o DfE/Ecodesign como ferramenta para mensurar a eco eficiência no desenvolvimento de produtos uma vez que os resultados desta pesquisa são confirmatórios.
Estes resultados podem ser confirmados a partir da verificação dos aspectos relevantes identificados na revisão sistemática dos trabalhos selecionados e utilizados para a elaboração do questionário utilizado nesta survey e embasando o modelo conceitual de hipóteses desta pesquisa.
Portanto, pesquisas futuras são sugeridas como: um trabalho de pesquisa com abrangência em outra camada de fornecimento, exemplo: tier 2 comparando com os resultados obtidos nesta pesquisa. Ainda uma abrangência desta pesquisa ao cenário das montadoras e uma replicação desta pesquisa em outros segmentos como, por exemplo, o de polímeros. Com base na pesquisa, três análises sobre desempenho foram consideradas importantes. A implementação de práticas DfE/Ecodesign nas empresas setor automotivo localizadas no Brasil geram impactos positivos no desempenho ambiental, econômico e operacional.
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