Os resultados do presente estudo demonstraram que, em mulheres jovens normotensas filhas de pais hipertensos, o treinamento com exercício intervalado ou contínuo apresentam efeitos benéficos para a rigidez arterial, pressão arterial, insulina e razão insulina/glicose, bem como para a resposta ao teste de esforço da pressão arterial, norepinefrina, endotelina-1 e NOx, sendo que o treinamento intervalado demonstrou ser mais efetivo que o contínuo para a melhora da rigidez arterial, e resposta da pressão arterial, norepinefrina, endotelina-1 e NOx ao teste de esforço.
Estes achados podem ter implicações importantes para a prescrição de exercício físico em programas de prevenção de hipertensão arterial hereditária. Embora a realização de estudos prospectivos multicêntricos, utilizando o treinamento com exercício intervalado de alta intensidade em mulheres jovens normotensas filhas de pais hipertensos, seja necessário para avançar nossas conclusões, os resultados do presente estudo sugerem que programas de treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade podem produzir resultados mais favoráveis que programas de exercício contínuo de baixa a moderada intensidade.
ANEXO 1: Ficha recebida pelos sujeitos da pesquisa com as recomendações
para a realização do teste ergoespirométrico.
RECOMENDAÇÕES PARA O TESTE DE ESFORÇO
5 DIAS ANTES DO TESTE Não comer / beber:
- Frituras, carne com conservantes, verduras, legumes, morango, melão, queijos e frios;
- Malte, bebidas alcoólicas, água mineral, água tônica e água com gás. Permitido:
- Pães e cereais (arroz, feijão, milho, ervilha, lentilha, soja, aveia...), SEM QUEIJO, FRIOS, VERDURAS OU LEGUMES;
- Carne fresca cozida, peixe, aves (frango, peru...), SEM CONSERVANTES; - Frutas, sucos e vitaminas em geral, MENOS MELÃO E MORANGO; - Margarina, manteiga, leite, iogurte e sorvetes, SEM QUEIJO;
- Doces, refrigerantes, café, chá, água filtrada ou fervida, açúcar, sal, pimenta (NÃO PODE TEMPEROS COMERCIAIS, BEBIDAS ALCOÓLICAS, ÁGUA MINERAL, TÔNICA OU COM GÁS).
24 HORAS ANTES DO TESTE
Não comer / beber:
- Chocolate, achocolatado, café, chá, refrigerante, bebidas alcoólicas ou qualquer bebida/alimento que contenha cafeína (Redbull, Flashpower...).
Permitido:
- Leite, água filtrada ou fervida, sucos e vitaminas (NÃO PODE ÁGUA MINERAL TÔNICA OU COM GÁS, SUCOS E VITAMINAS QUE CONTENHAM MELÃO OU MORANGO).
Comparecer dia ____ / _____ às ____:____ horas em JEJUM DE 4 HORAS
ANEXO 3: Resumos referentes ao assunto publicados pelo autor.
1. Ciolac EG, Bocchi EA, Bortolotto LA, Varvalho VO, Greve JM, Guimarães GV. Exercise training restores hemodynamic, hormonal and metabolic profile in young normotensive women at high familial risk of hypertension [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med. 2009; 8(Suppl 11): 114.
2. Ciolac EG, Bocchi EA, Bortolotto LA, Greve JM, Guimarães GV. Effects of exercise training on arterial stiffness and vasoactive hormonal levels of normotensive young women at high familial risk of hypertension [abstract]. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009; 41: S442.
3. Ciolac EG, Bocchi EA, Bortolotto LA, Greve JM, Guimarães GV. Effects of exercise training on hemodynamic, hormonal and metabolic profile in normotensive young women at high familial risk of hypertension [abstract]. Eur J Cardiov Prev Rehabil. 2009; 16: S94.
4. Ciolac EG, Bortolotto LA, Bocchi EA, Guimarães GV. Arterial stiffness and vasoactive hormonal levels in healthy normotensive at high familial risk of future hypertension: Preliminary results [abstract]. J Hypertens. 2008; 26: S49.
5. Ciolac EG, Bortolotto LA, Bocchi EA, Guimarães GV. Effects of continuous and interval exercise training on ABP, arterial stiffness and
vasoactive hormonal levels in healthy normotensive at high familial risk of future hypertension: Preliminary results [abstract]. J Hypertens. 2008; 26: S50.
6. Ciolac EG, Bocchi EA, Guimarães GV. Efeito do exercício físico na pressão arterial e catecolaminas plasmáticas de normotensos filhos de hipertensos: resultados preliminares [abstract]. Rev Soc Cardiol Estado
de São Paulo. 2008; 18 (Suplemento 2): 46.
7. Ciolac EG, Guimarães GV, Bocchi EA. Effect of Exercise Training on ABP and Sympathetic Activity of Subjects at High Familial Risk of Future Hypertension: Preliminary Results [abstract]. Medicina Sportiva Bohemica
& Slovaca. 2007; 16: A52.
8. Ciolac EG, Guimarães GV, d´Àvila VM, Bocchi EA. Aerobic Exercise Improves 24-h Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients [abstract]. Medicina Sportiva Bohemica & Slovaca. 2007; 16: A141-A142.
9. Guimarães GV, Ciolac EG, d´Ávila VM, Bortolotto LA, Bocchi EA. Effects of different types of exercise training on arterial stiffness in patients with systemic arterial hypertension [abstract]. Medicina Sportiva Bohemica &
10. Ciolac EG, Guimarães GV, d´Ávila VM, Bernik M, Dória E, Bocchi EA. Efeito do exercício aeróbio sobre a pressão arterial de pacientes hipertensos é dependente do valor da pressão arterial pré-exercício [abstract]. Rev Soc Cardiol Estado São Paulo. 2006; 16 (Suplemento 2): 169.
11. Guimarães GV, Ciolac EG, d´Ávila VM, Dória E, Bortolotto LA, Berlink, M., Bocchi EA. Exercício aeróbio intervalado reduz a rigidez arterial de pacientes hipertensos [abstract]. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2006; 87: 213.
12. Ciolac EG, Guimarães GV, Torlai V, Novaes R, Bocchi EA. Exercício físico aeróbio melhora o descenso noturno da pressão arterial de indivíduos normotensos filhos de hipertensos [abstract]. Anais do XVII
Congresso Brasileiro de Medicina do Esporte. 2005. CD-ROM.
13. Ciolac EG, d´Ávila VM, Morgado CO, Dória E, Bernik M, Lotufo PA, Bortolotto LA, Guimarães GV. Efeito do Treinamento Físico intervalado e contínuo na pressão arterial 24h, complacência arterial e qualidade de vida em pacientes com hipertensão arterial: resultados preliminares [abstract]. Rev Soc Cardiol Estado São Paulo. 2004 (Suplemento 2); 14: 143.
14. Ciolac EG, Morgado CO, Bortolotto LA, Dória E, Berlink M, Lotufo PA, Guimarães GV. Exercício intervalado é melhor que exercício contínuo
para diminuir pressão arterial 24 horas pós-exercício em hipertensos [abstract]. Rev Soc Cardiol Estado São Paulo. 2003; 13 (Suplemento 2): 48.
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