Conclusion

There are various dimensions of a smart and sustainable city, which can fall under the large umbrella of environmental, economic and social princi-ples. The study aims to change the perspective to look at the ways in which these principles can operate; and asks how can we achieve a system in which we, as citizens, have greater control over the environment in which we live;

and how can we use the abundance of digital tools at our disposal to promote design and policy innovations that will result in better and more equitable urban living? Digital technology may benefit citizens by increasing public amenities and working standards. However, if sufficient measures are not in place, the smart city will swiftly become a nightmare of intrusion, domi-nance, and oppression with intelligence in the hands of a few. Technology is most effective when linked with institutional innovation.

When projects are driven by technology rather than by people, the out-comes of smart city attempts are poor. Developers, architects, and planners may use technology to address the myriad difficulties that communities face today, such as affordability, equality, mobility, and environmental, social and spatial justice. Smart city planning, rather than following a technology-driven, industry-driven strategy, would focus on addressing essential goals like eliminating poverty and enhancing public involvement. When it comes to the smart and sustainable city, the study advocates for an open-minded approach that focuses on the qualities of a hybrid space that prioritizes a web of services, how people organize, mobilize, and communicate via new tools, and the quality of architecture and urban form rather than on implementing technology, designing a master plan, or constructing a building.

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Section 2 - Energy, buildings, users

5. Addressing rising energy needs of EU cities of tomorrow: Positive