4.3 Expressão Gênica
4.3.12 Expressão relativa do gene Ascorbato Peroxidase em sementes
APX juntamente com outras redutases podem desintoxicar H2O2 usando ascorbato como um doador de elétrons através da via Halliwell-Asada (HALLIWELL, 1987).
Entre todos os genes avaliados este foi o que apresentou maior expressão em sementes OP em relação aos outros tratamentos (Figura 16). Sementes NP foi o único tratamento com diferença significativa entre os outros tratamentos apresentando redução de 1.3x (Tabela 13).
Figura 16. Expressão relativa da enzima APX em sementes osmocondicionadas de P. angulata
submetidas a estresse osmótico. (NA) sementes não osmocondicionadas embebidas em água por 24; (NP) sementes não osmocondicionadas embebidas PEG por 24h; (OA) sementes osmocondicionadas em água por 24h; (OP) sementes osmocondicionadas em PEG por 24h. Empregando como calibrador sementes NA.
Tabela 13. Expressão relativa da enzima APX
Tratamentos Médias Erro Padrão Ativado/suprimido
NA 1.00 a 0.01 -
NP 0.76 b 0.07 -1.3x
OA 1.04 a 0.07 -
OP 1.09 a 0.05 1.1x
*Médias seguidas de mesma letra não diferem entre si pelo teste de Scot-Knott, a 5% de probabilidade.
A manutenção da expressão elevada em sementes OP em relação à NP é um forte indicativo do potencial protetor da APX agindo para proteger a semente sob o estresse e mantendo-a viável para germinar depois em água. A expressão da APX foi aumentada durante o osmopriming em Brassica oleraceae (SOEDA et al., 2005).
0,5 1,0 2,0 NA NP OA OP E x pres são R el at iva (l og 2 ) Tratamentos APX
6 CONCLUSÕES
O osmocondicionamento pode ser utilizado como um tratamento pré-germinativo em sementes de P. angulata uma vez que a germinação e a velocidade de germinação apresentaram-se superiores em sementes osmocondicionadas quando transferidas para água destilada após restrição hídrica.
Enzimas antioxidantes (TPX e APX) e chaperoninas (sHSP) estão possivelmente contribuindo para a proteção das sementes de P. angulata durante restrição hídrica em diferentes vias como a proteção contra EROS, estabilidade de macromoléculas e redução da lixiviação de solutos através da membrana.
A indução da expressão dos genes TPX, APX, HSP17, HSP18 e TPRP-F1 em sementes sob restrição hídrica podem representar um importante marcador para o aumento da tolerância ao déficit hídrico em sementes de P. angulata e possivelmente outras culturas.
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