Limitações e Pistas para Investigações Futuras

Apesar de se reconhecer a relevância dos resultados encontrados neste estudo, importa também refletir sobre as suas limitações. Em primeiro lugar, pode-se evidenciar o tamanho da amostra como pouco significativo tendo em conta as análises realizadas. Uma vez que se pretendia analisar as díades, uma amostra maior daria a oportunidade de criar modelos de análise mais complexos. O facto de se analisar apenas casais de duplo- emprego, com filhos em idade pré-escolar limita a sua generalização para outras

40 populações, como as famílias monoparentais ou casais com filhos mais velhos (por exemplo, adolescentes). A utilização de medidas de autorrelato faz com que seja difícil controlar a desejabilidade social, apesar de se reconhecer que é o método mais acessível para se chegar à população pretendida. Mais ainda, os questionários foram respondidos em casa dos participantes, não se controlando o pedido para os preencherem separadamente. A natureza transversal do estudo também impossibilita fazer inferências de causalidade entre as variáveis estudadas. Por último, revelou-se uma limitação a utilização de uma escala de parentalidade (PASCQ) que não foi ainda validada para a população portuguesa. Os valores do alfa de Cronbach e da análise confirmatória obtidos no presente estudo sugerem cautela na interpretação dos resultados.

No entanto, reconhece-se como positivo os contributos deste estudo para a compreensão da influência dos estilos de vinculação na idade adulta com algumas dimensões da parentalidade. Também parecem relevantes os resultados obtidos da estratégia de regulação emocional sobre as dimensões da parentalidade uma vez que poucas publicações existem sobre a relação entre estas variáveis. O facto de se ter realizado uma análise diádica contribuiu para a relevância deste estudo uma vez que são poucos aqueles que analisam os efeitos de ator e de parceiro, reconhecendo-se, assim, as influências individuais e interindividuais a que um casal está sujeito.

No futuro seria interessante, para além duma validação da escala das dimensões da parentalidade, proceder a análises mais completas, desta vez com as seis dimensões propostas pelos autores do instrumento. Também seria interessante utilizar mais variáveis de estratégias de regulação emocional (por exemplo, a comunicação das emoções) e verificar os seus efeitos mediadores assim como explorar associações bidirecionais. A literatura revela algumas lacunas quanto aos estudos de casais com filhos adolescentes, sendo por isso pertinente a realização dum estudo com essa população, podendo-se realizar comparações e analisar possíveis diferenças de resultados.

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