CAPÍTULO II: A LEITURA E A LITERACIA
1. O papel da leitura na promoção da Literacia
L'objet du travail était la contribution à l'étude d'un modèle animal de chimiothérapie antifongique qui comprenait deux volets:
a - Etude du comportement in vivo de 1'Aspergillus fumigatus inoculé chez la souris normale et immunocompromise.
b - Sensibilité de l'Aspergillus fumigatus à la Fungizone et à 1'itraconazole.
Dans l'introduction de ce travail, les affections aspergillaires rencontrées en cliniques sont passées en revue.
Les différents types de modèles d'aspergillose utilisés in vivo en chimiothérapie expérimentale sont cités au chapitre 2.
L'objet de nos recherches à été exposé dans la section 3.
Le matériel et les méthodes d'expérimentations sont décrits dans le chapitre 3.1 et 3.2.
La discussion générale et les conclusions des principaux résultats de notre étude sont présentées dans les sections 3.1 3.2 et 4.
ETUDE DU COMPORTEMENT DE L'ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS.
L'Aspergillus fumigatus est d'une manipulation très aisée, facilement inoculable et de comportement constant lorsqu'elle est inoculée par voie i.v. ou par inhalation.
L'Aspergillus fumigatus est capable de disséminer et d'envahir les tissus profonds.
ETUDE LA SENSIBILITE DE L'ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS AUX AGENTS ANTIFONGIQUES.
L'Aspergillus fumigatus inoculée par voie i.v. ou par inhalation s'est révélée très sensible à la Fungizone et à 1 ' itraconazole.
CONCLUSIONS GENERALES.
Les travaux réalisés dans le cadre de notre recherche, nous permettent de tirer les conclusions suivantes:
- Nous avons mis au point un modèle animal d'aspergillose sur souris normales et immunocompromises.
Ce modèle présente plusieurs avantages par rapport aux autres modèles expérimentais:
a) facilité d'hébèrgement de la souris;
b) possibilité de réduire la quantité du produit nécessaire pour réaliser l'étude pharmacologique à viser thérapeutique; c) possibilité d'emploi d'un nombre élevé d'animaux qui permet
de réaliser une étude statistiquement valable;
d) facilité de répéter et de reproduire les expériences, afin d'obtenir des résultats fiables;
e) possibilité de réaliser des études comparatives entre plusieurs produits dans la même expérience.
- Nous avons pu déterminer le nombre de spores, afin de garantir une reproductibilité constante du modèle au cours du temps.
- Le modèle a des points communs avec la pathologie humaine, puisque 1'Aspergillus envahissait régulièrement les tissus profonds.
- L'infection par inhalation d'Aspergillus fumigatus constitue un modèle relativement proche de la situation en clinique.
Ces propriétés sont favorables à l'utilisation du modèle:
a) pour la sélection de nouveaux produits;
b) pour l'évaluation de l'activité thérapeutique ainsi que la toxicité du ou des produits sélectionnés.
ABREUIATIOHS
ET
CFU DLIO DLS O EXP. g h. inj . i. n. i.p. i. V. j • kg Med.S.T. mg non p. O. p. s. s.c.
Unité formatrice de colonies
Dose létale pour 10 % des animaux
Dose létale pour 50 % des animaux
expérience gramme heure injection intranasal intrapéritonéal intraveineux jours kilogramme
"médian survival time” = médiane de survie
miligramme
millimètre
per os
prolongation de la survie
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