• Realizar ensaios de nitrificação em batelada utilizando-se lodo CASAN e efluente sintético, mantendo-se a relação So/Xo em 0,015 e variando-se So e Xo afim de verificar melhor o efeito da relação So/Xo sobre os coeficientes cinéticos.
• Realizar mais ensaios de nitrificação utilizando-se lodo adaptado e água residuária natural com o intuito de se estudar os fatores de inibição das bactérias nitrificantes.
• Dar continuidade aos estudos cinéticos afim de melhor verificar o efeito da relação So/Xo sobre a nitrificação.
8 . Bibliografia
ABREU, L.M. de. (1994). Aspectos Microbiologicos de los procesos de nitrificacion-denitrificacion. In: Taller y Seminario Latinoamericano de Tratamiento Anaeróbio de Aguas Residuales Anais - Montevideo, p.55-63.
APHA (1995). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 17th edn, Am. Publ. Hlth. Assoc., Washington, D.C.
AZEVEDO, B. (1993). The effect of ammonia loading and operating temperature on the biological nitrification and denitrification of high ammonia landfill leachate. Canadian
Journal of Civil Engeneering, v. 22, n. 3, p. 524-534.
BITTON, G. (1994). Wastewater microbiology. John Wiley & Sons, inc. Publication. DURÁN, J. Remoção de nutrientes (N e P). CBAB, MCT/CNPq, ALFA, FURB, CPGENQ
/ UFSC, material didático referente In: IV curso de tratamento biológico de resíduos. Florianópolis - SC,1999.
ECKENFELDER W. and MUSTERMAN J. (1995). Activated sludge treatment of industrial wastewater. Water Environment. vol. 46, p. 145-147.
ENGEL, M.S. and ALEXANDRE M. (1958). Growth and metabolism of Nitrosomonas
FIGUEROA, L.A. & SILVERSTEIN J. (1992). The effect of particulate organic matter on biofilm nitrification. Wat. Environ. Res., v. 7, p. 728-730.
FUNDAÇÃO do Meio Ambiente - FATMA. Legislação ambiental do Estado de Santa Catarina, atualizada em maio de 1995. Decreto No. 14.250 de 05 de junho de 1981, regulamenta dispositivos da Lei No. 5.793, de 15 de outubro de 1980, referentes à proteção e a melhoria da qualidade ambiental.
GIANOTTI, E.P. Desnitrificação em uma lagoa marginal do Rio Mogi-Guaçu, Lagoa do
Infernão (estação ecológica de Jataí-Luiz Antônio - SP). Dissertação (Mestrado),
Curso de pós-graduação em ecologia e recursos naturais da UFSCar, São Carlos, 1994.
GLASS, C. & SILVERSTEIN, J. (1997). Denitrification kinetics of high nitrate
concentration water: pH effect on inhibition an nitrite accumulation. Water Research, v. 32, n. 3, p. 831-839.
van de GRAAF, A.A.; de BRUIJN, P.; ROBERTSON, L.A.; JETTEN, M.S.M.; KUENEN, J.G. (1996). Autotrophic growth of anaerobic, ammonium-oxidising micro-organisms in a fluidized bed reactor. Microbiology (UK), v. 142, p. 2187-2196.
GRUNDITZ, C.; GUMAELIUS L.; DALHAMMAR, G. (1998). Comparison of inhibition assays using nitrogen removing bacteria: application to industrial wastewater. Water
Research, v. 32, n. 10, p. 2995-3000
GRUNDITZ, C. & DALHAMMAR, G. (2001). Development of nitrification inhibition assays using pure cultures of Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter. Water Research, v. 35, n. 2, p. 433-440.
GUILLEN-JIMENEZ, E.; ALVAREZ-MATEOS, P.; ROMERO-GUZMAN, F.; PEREDA-MARIN, J. (2000). Bio-mineralization of organic matter in dairy wastewater, as affected by pH. The evolution of ammonium and phosphates. Water Research, v. 34, n. 4, p. 1215-1224.
GUPTA, S.K. & SHARMA (1996). Biological oxidation of high strength nitrogenou wastewater. Water Research, v. 30, n. 3, p. 593-600.
GUTERSTAM, B.; FORSBERG, L.E.; BUCZYNSKA, A.; FRELEK, K.; RILHAITYTE, R.; RECZEK, L.; RUCEVSKA, I. (1998). Stensund wastewater aquaculture: studies of key factor for its optimization. Ecological Engineering, n. 11, p. 87-100.
HAGOPIAN, D.S. & RILEY, J.G. (1998). A closer look at the bacteriology of nitrification.
Aquacultural Engineering, n. 18, p. 223-244.
HELMER, C.; TROMM, C.; HIPPEN, A.; ROSENWINKEL, K.-H.; SEYFRIED, C.F.; KUNST, S. (19_ _ ). Single stage biological nitrogen removal by nitritation and anaerobic ammonium oxidation in biofilm systems. Institute of Sanitary Engineering and Waste Management, University of Hannover, Germany.
HOROWITZ, A; SAMOCHA, T.M.; GANDY, R.L.; HOROWITZ, S. (2001). Toxicity tests to assess the effect of a synthetic tank liner on shrimp survival and nitrification in a
recirculating superintensive production system. Aquacultural Engineering, n. 24, p. 91-105.
JETTEN, M. SM.; WAGNER, M. FUERST, J.; van LOOSDRECHT, M.; KUENEN, G.; STROUS, M. (2001). Microbiology and application of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (`anammox') process. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, n.12 p. 283-288. JETTEN, M. SM; STROUS, M.; van de PAS-XCHOONEN, K.T.; SCHALK, J.; van
DONGEN, U.G.J.M.; van de GRAAF, A.A.; LOGEMANN, S.; MUYZER, G.; van LOOSDRECHT M.C.M.; KUENEN, J.G. (1999). The anaerobic oxidation of ammonium. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, n. 22, p. 421-437.
JONES, H.R. (1974). Pollution control in the diary industry. Noyes Data Corporation, Park Ridge, New Jersey.
JÖNSSON, K. (1999). Ocurrence of nitrification inhibition in swedish municipal wastewaters. Water Research, v. 34, n. 9, p. 2455-2462.
KONG, Z.; VANROLLEGHEM, P.; WILLEMS, P. VERSTRAETE, W. (1996).
Simultaneous determination of inhibition kinetics of carbon oxidation and nitrification with a respirometer. Water Research, v. 33, n. 4, p. 825-836.
koops, H. & POMMERENING-RÖSER, A. (2001). Distribution and ecophysiology of the nitrifying bacteria emphasizing cultured species. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, n. 37, p. 1-9.
LIU, Y. (2000). The So/Xo dependent dissolved organic carbon distribution in substrate-sufficient batch culture of activated sludge.
METCALF & EDDY. Wastewater Engineering - Treatment disposal reuse. Ed. McGraw-Hill Publishing, 1991.
MEYERHOF, O. (1917). untersuchungen uber den atmungsvorgany nitrifizierenden bakterine. Pflugers Archges Physiol. n. 166 p. 240-280
MORENO, G.; CRUZ, A.; BUITRÓN, G. influence of So/Xo ratio on anaerobic biodegradability test. In: V Taller y Seminario Latinoamericano Tratamiento Anaerobio de Aguas Residuales, 1998, Chile.
muir, p. (2001). http://www.orst.edu/instruction/bi301/eutrophi.htm. 18/10/2001.
NOTO, K.; OGASAWARA, T.; SUWA, Y.; SUMINO, T. (1998). Complete oxidation of high concentration of ammonia by retaining incompatible nitrification activities in three-vessel system. Water Research, v. 32, n. 3, p. 769-773.
OKABE, S.; OOZAWA, Y.; HIRATA, K.; WATANABE, Y. (1996). Relation between population dynamics of nitrifiers in biofilms and reactor performance at various C:N ratios. Water Research, v. 30, n. 7, p. 1563-1572.
OLIVEIRA, P.A.V. Manual de manejo e utilização dos dejetos de suínos. Concórdia: EMBRAPA/CNPSA. Documento 27, 1983, 188p.
PELISSER, M.L. Remoção microbiológica de nitrogênio de águas residuárias da indústria
frigorífica. Dissertação (mestrado) - Curso de Pós-Graduação em Eng. Química da
UFSC - Florianópolis - SC. p. 104. 2001.
EPA - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency- Technology Transfer. Process design manual for nitrogen control.. Washington - U.S.A., 1975.
REGINATTO, V. & SOARES, H. Remoção de nutrientes de efluentes de processos agro-industriais para fins de reutilização. Projeto de pesquisa apresentado ao CNPq. Florianópolis, 2000
SAWYER, C.N.; WILD, H.E. Jr and McMAHON, (1973). Nitrification and denitrification facilities, Wastewater treatment. Prepared for the EPA Technology Transfer Program. SHEINTUCH, M.; TATTALOVSKY, B.; NARKIS, N.; REBHUN, M. (1995). Substrate
inhibition and multiple states in a continuous nitrification process. Water Research, v. 29, n. 3, p. 953-963.
SHIKOWSKI, D.M. & MAVINIC, D.S. (1998). Biological treatment of a high ammonia leachate: influence of external carbon during initial startup. Water Research, v. 32, n. 8, p. 2533.
SOARES, H.M. & HIRATA, Y.S. (1999). Práticas de laboratório III - Curso de Tratamento Biológico de Resíduos. CBAB MTC/CNPq CPGENQ/UFSC CDB. Florianópolis-SC.
STROUS, M.; van GERVEN, E.; ZHENG, P.; KUENEN, J.G. JETTEN, M.S.M. (1997). Ammonium removal from concentrated waste streams with the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process in different reactor conFigurations. Water Research, v. 31, n. 8, p. 1955-1962.
SUZUKI, L. et al., (1974). Ammonia or ammonium ion as substrate for oxidation by
Nitrosomonas europaea cells and extracts. J. Bacterio. n. 120, p. 556-558.
TARTAKOVSKY, B.; LOTLAR, E.; SHEINTUCH, M. (1996). Coupled nitrification-denitrification processes in a mixed culture of coimmobilized cells: analysis and experiment. Chemical Engineering Science, v. 51, n. 10, p. 2327-2336.
TIEDJE, J.M. (1986). Denitrification. Methods of Soil Analysis, part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties - Agronomy Monograph, n. 9, 2nd Edition, USA.
TOKUDA, M.; FUJIWARA, Y.; KIDA, K. (1999). Pilot plant test for removal of organic matter, N and P from whisky pot ale. Process Biochemistry, n. 35, p. 267-275.
VAZOLLER, R.F. (1988). Microbiologia de lodos ativados. Série Manuais / Secretaria do Meio Ambiente. CETESB, São Paulo, 23p.
Guanabara.
von SPERLING, M.V. (1997). Lodos ativados - Princípios do tratamento biológico de
águas residuárias. v. 4., Belo Horizonte, Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e
Ambiental; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.
___ . (1996). Princípios básicos do tratamento de esgotos. Princípios do tratamento
biológico de águas residuárias. v. 4., Belo Horizonte, Departamento de Engenharia
Sanitária e Ambiental; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.
WATER POLLUTION CONTROL FEDERATION. (1991). Orris E. Albertson (Chairman). nutrient Control. Manual of practice No. FD-7. Prepared by task force on nutrient control.