A solução filmogênica de amido de milho, mucilagem de quiabo e glicerol foi avaliada e os resultados obtidos no teste de toxicidade aguda por via oral não mostraram mortalidade na dose avaliada. Isso significa que a solução formadora de filme é completamente segura para ingestão oral (não letal) por administração da dose de 2000 mg/kg de animal.
Os animais não mostraram sinais de toxicidade, como irritação ou insensibilidade ao toque, entre outros. Além disso, eles responderam satisfatoriamente a todos os estímulos e continuaram a executar normalmente todas as suas necessidades fisiológicas. Esse resultado demonstra que a ingestão da solução filmogênica pelos animais não alterou o sistema nervoso central dos mesmos, o que se torna positivo quando foi levantada a hipótese de que os constituintes químicos presentes na mucilagem poderiam ter grau tóxico.
6 CONCLUSÃO
É possível formar filme utilizando mucilagem de quiabo e amido de milho. A mucilagem do quiabo contribuiu para fortalecer a estrutura do filme e, com isso, tornou o mesmo mais resistente à tração e melhorou outras propriedades tecnológicas de interesse, como a barreira ao vapor de água, quando comparadas aos filmes feitos apenas com amido de milho, de acordo com vários estudos encontrados na literatura. Os filmes elaborados com estes materiais apresentaram estrutura compacta e uniforme, o que faz da sua aplicação em alimentos uma alternativa viável, uma vez que a embalagem atua como mecanismo de proteção às possíveis intempéries do meio externo.
As diferenças de composição entre as formulações dos filmes não influenciaram a degradação térmica do material, o que se deve à uniformidade entre as estruturas do material e amplia as possibilidades de utilização dos filmes como material de embalagem. O material precipitado apresenta características que se assemelham às de polissacarídeos de cadeia longa e o seu estudo foi importante para compreender a influência da associação de hidrocolóides a matrizes formadoras de filmes, além de subsidiar a ocorrência dos primeiros estudos registrados na literatura utilizando o quiabo como material constituinte de filmes para aplicações alimentares, destacando cada vez mais a importância e as propriedades deste fruto que anteriormente já havia sido muito empregado na indústria farmacêutica.
A solução filmogênica não causa reação toxicológica e reforça uma das principais características que os materiais utilizados como embalagem precisam ter: serem atóxicos. Além disso, os filmes formados com esta solução possuem boa capacidade de intumescimento e são sensíveis a soluções com diferentes faixas de pH, fator interessante quando se utilizam estes materiais como embalagem ativa, carreando compostos de interesse que visam prolongar a vida útil dos alimentos. Portanto, os filmes têm grande potencial para serem utilizados em estudos e em aplicações como embalagens de alimentos.
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APÊNDICE
APÊNCIDE A - CERTIFICADO DO COMITÊ DE ÉTICA DA UNIVERSIDADE DE FORTALEZA (UNIFOR) APROVANDO O INÍCIO DOS ENSAIOS DE TOXICIDADE EM RATOS.