Brunei Darussalam
UNCTAD Creative Economy Outlook / Country Profiles
Brunei Darussalam
UNCTAD Creative Economy Outlook / Country Profiles
TOP 10 EXPORT PARTNERS FOR CREATIVE GOODS, 2005 AND 2014
2005 2014
Economy Values in Million US $ Values in Million US $
Ranking Partner Exports Imports Balance Partner Exports Imports Balance
1 Malaysia 1,78 22,80 -21,02
2 Singapore 1,14 17,08 -15,94
3 China 0,29 19,58 -19,28
4 New Zealand 0,02 0,03 -0,01
5 Japan 0,02 1,09 -1,07
6 Saudi Arabia 0,01 0,03 -0,02
7 United
Kingdom 0,01 2,08 -2,07
8 Hong Kong
(China) 0,01 1,99 -1,98
9 Australia 0,01 0,19 -0,18
10 Philippines 0,01 0,76 -0,75
The main destination market for creative goods exports from Brunei Darussalam was Asia. The top 10 export partners included Malaysia, Singapore, China, New Zealand, Japan, Saudi Arabia, United Kingdom, Hong Kong (China), Australia and Philippines. Brunei Darussalam had a trade deficit with all its top ten export partners.
Highlights
Brunei Darussalam has identified the Technology and Creative Industry as one of the clusters that can help diversify the economy according to the Brunei Economic Development Board.
Africa 0%
America 0%
Asia99%
Europe
0% Oceania
1%
Brunei Darussalam - Creative Goods Exports by Region2014
Africa America Asia Europe Oceania
Bulgaria
UNCTAD Creative Economy Outlook / Country Profiles COUNTRY PROFILE - Bulgaria
Creative Industries Trade Performance, 2005-2014 Value in Million US$
Bulgaria 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Exports 214,39 240,42 336,34 377,46 270,66 285,34 336,67 357,93 383,38 448,40 Imports 356,13 419,49 651,64 774,07 543,18 528,83 595,50 529,64 588,79 635,64 Balance of Trade -141,74 -179,07 -315,30 -396,61 -272,52 -243,49 -258,83 -171,71 -205,41 -187,24
Creative goods exports more than doubled from a value of $214 million in 2005 to $448 million in 2014. Design goods stood at $280 million, followed by new media at $77 million and publishing at $38 million. Imports stood at $636 million. Main imports included design goods, worth $343 million, followed by art crafts at $137 million and new media at $70 million.
Bulgaria posted a trade deficit of $187 million in 2014. Bulgaria is striving to catch up with Central Europe, where economies based on low-cost manufacturing and exports are shifting to innovative and creative industries.1
1 Bulgaria strives to become tech capital of the Balkans, October, 2016 -600
-400 -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Bulgaria
In millions USD
Creative Economy Trade Performance 2005 - 2014.
Balance of Trade Exports Imports
500 100150 200250 300
Art crafts Audiovisuals Design New media Performing arts Publishing Visual arts
Bulgaria
In millions USD
Creative Goods Exports by Product Category, 2005 & 2014
Exports - 2005 Exports - 2014
1000 200300 400
Art crafts Audiovisuals Design New media Performing arts Publishing Visual arts
Bulgaria
In millions USD
Creative Goods Imports by Product Category, 2005 & 2014
Imports - 2005 Imports - 2014
Bulgaria
UNCTAD Creative Economy Outlook / Country Profiles
TOP 10 EXPORT PARTNERS FOR CREATIVE GOODS, 2005 AND 2014
2005 2014
Bulgaria Values in Million US $ Values in Million US $
Ranking Partner Exports Imports Balance Partner Exports Imports Balance
1 Italy 59,68 73,03 -13,35 Italy 71,48 101,60 -30,12
2 Germany 26,31 45,23 -18,92 Germany 47,30 69,74 -22,44
3 United States 15,62 3,85 11,77 Romania 46,13 25,48 20,65
4 France 15,15 30,85 -15,71 France 41,61 34,10 7,51
5 United
Kingdom 14,22 13,17 1,06 Greece 34,55 63,40 -28,85
6 Greece 12,62 24,24 -11,62 United
Kingdom 18,71 22,48 -3,77
7 Belgium 10,13 7,44 2,69 Belgium 16,22 16,68 -0,45
8 Poland 7,16 22,50 -15,33 Poland 14,69 24,34 -9,65
9 Romania 5,54 7,19 -1,65 Netherlands 12,70 18,77 -6,07
10 Austria 5,29 4,62 0,67 United States 12,25 2,26 10,00
From 2005 to 2014, Europe was the main destination market for Bulgaria’s creative goods exports. In 2014, Europe accounted for 86% market share, followed by Asia with a 9%. The top ten trading partners were Italy, Germany, Romania, France, Greece, United Kingdom, Belgium, Poland, Netherlands and the United States. Bulgaria posted trade deficits with nearly all of its top trading partners. After ten years of European Union’s membership, software is the best performing sector of the ICT industry in the country. Total incomes in 2016 reached nearly 1 billion euros according to Invest Sofia Agency. Creative services exports stood at $2.1 billion in 2014.
Africa 0% America
8% Asia
4%
Europe 88%
Oceania 0%
Bulgaria - Creative Goods Exports by Region 2005
Africa America Asia Europe Oceania
Africa
1% America 4%
Asia9%
Europe 86%
Oceania 0%
Bulgaria - Creative Goods Exports by Region 2014
Africa America Asia Europe Oceania
Bulgaria
UNCTAD Creative Economy Outlook / Country Profiles CREATIVE SERVICES
BULGARIA
In millions of $
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
EXPORTS 1.253,8 1.543,3 1.737,3 1.976,5 2.121,7
Charges for the use of intellectual property n.i.e 22,6 21,3 39,6 50,0 56,7 Licences for the use of outcomes of research and
development 0,1 1,0 1,5 1,3 2,1
Licences to reproduce and/or distribute audio-
visual and related products 9,1 9,9 17,0 23,5 25,9
Licences to reproduce and/or distribute audio-
visual products 7,1 8,2 15,3 21,6 23,1
Licences to reproduce and/or distribute computer
software 4,1 0,6 4,0 1,9 2,8
Licences to reproduce and/or distribute other
related audio-visual products 2,1 1,7 1,8 1,7 2,8
Other business Services 577,5 697,9 703,3 818,9 796,2
Advertising, market research, and public opinion
polling services 104,4 118,5 118,0 137,5 175,8
Architectural services 25,7 16,1 25,4 10,9 12,7
Architectural, engineering, scientific, and other
technical services 108,0 57,4 87,2 54,7 82,0
Industrial Processes 0,0 0,1 0,4 0,4 0,4
R&D , sale of proprietary rights arising from R&D 0,0 0,1 0,4 0,4 0,5 R&D work undertaken on a systematic basis to
increase the stock of knowledge 112,8 167,6 156,8 204,4 170,1
R&D, Copyrights arising from R&D 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0
R&D, Industrial processes and designs 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0
R&D, Provision of customized and non-customized
R&D services 112,8 167,4 156,4 204,0 169,7
Research and development (R&D) 113,7 170,6 158,7 206,7 184,9
Research and development (R&D), Patents 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0
Personal, cultural and recreational services 82,9 74,7 109,1 91,3 91,0 Artistic related services(audiovisual and related) 4,0 4,4 8,2 8,0 6,0
Audiovisual and related services 27,7 22,0 40,0 29,6 29,5
Audio-visual services 23,7 17,5 31,7 21,8 23,5
Other personal, cultural, and recreational services,
heritage and recreational services 27,5 30,7 29,2 32,0 32,1
Telecommunications, computer, and information
services 570,8 749,4 885,3 1.016,3 1.177,8
Computer Service, software 115,0 135,3 179,0 217,9 261,4
Computer services 313,3 434,4 502,8 599,5 645,6
Information services 71,2 89,8 101,8 99,4 135,5
Information services, News agency 1,5 0,4 0,5 0,3 0,7
Information services, Other (other than news
agency) 69,8 89,4 101,3 99,1 134,8
IMPORTS 1.223,6 1.140,4 1.273,9 1.104,4 1.370,0
Bulgaria
UNCTAD Creative Economy Outlook / Country Profiles
Charges for the use of intellectual property n.i.e 150,4 185,1 258,3 257,6 314,7 Licences for the use of outcomes of research and
development 11,3 14,3 17,7 43,8 33,4
Licences to reproduce and/or distribute audio-
visual and related products 54,8 66,6 92,1 82,2 105,6
Licences to reproduce and/or distribute audio-
visual products 46,6 53,1 70,5 65,4 91,3
Licences to reproduce and/or distribute computer
software 29,5 37,5 56,3 49,5 70,2
Licences to reproduce and/or distribute other
related audio-visual products 8,2 13,5 21,6 16,7 14,2
Other business Services 730,4 495,2 632,5 524,1 643,3
Advertising, market research, and public opinion
polling services 27,5 38,9 39,7 46,6 67,7
Architectural services 38,0 9,2 15,3 10,8 8,8
Architectural, engineering, scientific, and other
technical services 362,2 108,5 225,3 102,1 127,4
Industrial Processes 0,0 0,1 0,1 0,1 3,8
R&D , sale of proprietary rights arising from R&D 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 8,1 R&D work undertaken on a systematic basis to
increase the stock of knowledge 100,9 112,8 117,3 121,4 142,5
R&D, Copyrights arising from R&D 0,0 0,0 0,1 0,1 3,4
R&D, Industrial processes and designs 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,1
R&D, Provision of customized and non-customized
R&D services 100,7 112,6 117,1 121,3 134,4
Research and development (R&D) 100,9 112,9 117,4 121,6 146,5
Research and development (R&D), Patents 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,7
Personal, cultural and recreational services 76,6 189,1 103,6 81,4 40,5 Artistic related services(audiovisual and related) 3,0 32,4 4,0 3,2 1,6
Audiovisual and related services 35,7 90,9 47,9 37,3 16,8
Audio-visual services 32,6 58,7 43,9 34,1 15,3
Other personal, cultural, and recreational services,
heritage and recreational services 5,3 7,1 7,7 6,8 6,8
Telecommunications, computer, and information
services 266,2 271,0 279,6 241,3 371,5
Computer Service, software 54,8 50,9 44,7 43,0 78,9
Computer services 157,1 150,6 114,7 122,6 185,1
Information services 27,1 34,8 60,1 37,8 53,7
Information services, News agency 2,1 3,1 1,8 1,7 1,5
Information services, Other (other than news
agency) 25,0 31,7 58,2 36,1 52,3
Burkina Faso
UNCTAD Creative Economy Outlook / Country Profiles