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This posterior placement of the body's center of gravity was emphasized long ago by Morton (1926). A step begins when the calf muscles relax and the walker's body swings forward.

Table l. Limb Function in Monkeys and Apes (after Napier, 1964)
Table l. Limb Function in Monkeys and Apes (after Napier, 1964)

THE ANATOMY OF POSTURE AND LOCOMOTION IN

The swing places the center of body weight in front of the supporting pedestal normally formed by the two feet. The action is the “push off” that ends the stance phase of the gait cycle.

LIVING HIGHER PRIMATES

The entire weight of the body is transferred downwards through the pelvis to the lower extremities. These extend from the base of the skull to the distal phalanx of the big toe.

Fig. 2. Median sections through the head and trunk of a chimpanzee (after Cunningham, 1886) and of a man (after Stratz, 1905), to show the differences in the curvatures and in the sequence of vertebral body sizes of ape and man (from Weidenreich, 1941).
Fig. 2. Median sections through the head and trunk of a chimpanzee (after Cunningham, 1886) and of a man (after Stratz, 1905), to show the differences in the curvatures and in the sequence of vertebral body sizes of ape and man (from Weidenreich, 1941).

It provided an immeasurable stimulus to man's ongoing exploration of the limits of his body's capabilities. My thanks go to The College of Medicine of South Africa, the National Council for the Care of Cripples in South Africa and the University of the Witwaterstand, Johannesburg.

SUMMARY

SOUBORNÉ REFERÁTY ● REVIEWS

KORZET PRO LÉČENÍ SKOLIÓZY* VÝVOJ

NAŠEHO KORZETU OD ROKU 1970. HODNOCENÍ NORMALIZACE ROTACE, STATIKY ŽEBER

A KLÍNOVITÉHO TVARU OBRATLŮ

SCOLIOSIS TREATING BRACE* EVOLUTION OF OUR BRACE SINCE 1970. AN EVALUATION

CHENEAU

INTRODUCTION

  • The cherry stone effect: When la- terally pressed, the tissues tend to escape
  • Transfer of tissues along a slide convex-concave.This action is also a cherry
  • Growth is a severe factor of worsen- ing of scoliosis without brace. It becomes
  • Respiration also is a worsening fac- tor without, and a curing factor with brace
  • Every movement worsens scoliosis as a result of shorter concave sided muscles
  • No shoulder pieces, denial of the most impor- tant role of brace, a growth link
    • The greater diameter of the oblique oval thorax is taken in clamp between the
    • Bending the upper thorax around the apex helps correcting the thoracic cur-
    • Anti-gravitational effect corrects the cervico-thoracic and lumbo-sacral cur-
  • Rotation
  • Rib static
  • Wedged vertebrae

Based on the position of the more deformed stalk; we calculated from 0 to 100˚ at the front of the body of the apex or near the apex of the vertebra. Also, the obtained coefficient is not affected by any change in image size.

Fig. 4. An attempt to cure scoliosis with only soft bands has never got any success, as long as we are informed
Fig. 4. An attempt to cure scoliosis with only soft bands has never got any success, as long as we are informed

DISCUSSION

  • Cobb's angle. Owing to the fact that our experience is relatively recent, and
  • Rotation is often considered as less important in publications. On radiographs
  • Rib static has scarcely been mea- sured in publications. We have found two
  • Wedged vertebra. We heard some critics concerning the evaluation of wed-

The wedging of a single vortex only has a value relative to the wedging of the neighboring vortices. This part of our work on wedge vortices is the most important because we have never seen similar facts published.

CONCLUSION

With Doctor Kotwicki in Poznan, Poland, we checked this fact on a rotated and clamped vertebra. We hope that in the near future other teams will measure the wedges of the apex and near-apex vertebrae, which is a sure sign of improvement in scoliosis with a brace.

LITERATURE

Nejprve byla standardizována metoda extrakce ze stromu Boswellia serrata tak, aby výsledný produkt obsahující boswellové kyseliny odpovídal předpisům FDA. Boswellia serrata je velký rozvětvený strom s opadavými listy, který roste v suchých kopcovitých částech Indie.

BOSWELLIN – NOVÉ ANTIREVMATIKUM?

Léčivé účinky extraktu ze stromu Boswellia serrata jsou připisovány již zmíněným boswellovým kyselinám, které inhibují dva prozánětlivé enzymy – 5-lipoxygenázu, která vytváří zánětlivé leukotrieny, a lidskou leukocytární elastázu (HLE), což je serinová proteináza iniciující tkáň. . poruchy, které způsobují zánětlivé procesy.

BOSWELLIN – A NEW ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUG?

ADAM

Výzkumy z 90. let ukazují, že boswellové kyseliny jsou farmakologicky nejaktivnější v kyselém extraktu a mají nejvýraznější terapeutický účinek.

VÝSLEDKY KLINICKÝCH STUDIÍ

LITERATURA

KAUZUISTIKY ● CASE REPORTS

FAMILIÁRNÍ OSTEOCHONDRITIS DISSECANS FAMILIAL OSTEOCHONDRITIS DISSECANS

KOZLOWSKI

CASE REPORT

Narrowing of the intervertebral spaces in the lumbar spine with small, OD-like defects at the Th12/L1 level (double arrow) and a large radiolucent defect in the posterior, superior part of the vertebral body of L3 (single arrow). Note the broad medial clavicular edge with the narrowing of the medullary cavity above the coracoid process. Of note are his changes in the spine characterized by small irregularities of the vertebral plates with radiolucent OD-like defects in the lumbar vertebrae (Fig. 2B) and osteolytic changes in the.

PŮVODNÍ PRÁCE ● ORIGINAL PAPERS

SOUHRN

DYNAMIKA HOUSTNUTÍ KORTIKALIS

DYNAMICS OF GROW OF BONE CORTICALIS DENSITY

PETRTÝL M., DANEŠOVÁ J

  • ÚVOD
  • RYCHLOSTI BIOCHEMIC- KÝCH PROCESŮ
  • PODMÍNKY HOUSTNUTÍ V KOSTNÍ TKÁNI
    • Iniciace houstnutí tkáňové substance objemovými změnami
    • Iniciace houstnutí tkáňové substan- ce objemovými změnami η jm od
  • ZÁVĚRY
    • Principy houstnutí v kosti
    • Závěry pro klinickou praxi Z předchozích analýz jsou zřejmé násle-

Důsledkem toho je, že výsledná rychlost kj ztluštění tkáně (iniciovaná primární objemovou změnou ηjch << 0) se bude snižovat s tím, jak se snižuje napětí p (vzhledem k pe, tj. při ∆p < 0) podle (18) a ( 20), Obr. Ztluštění v kostní tkáni iniciované objemovou změnou ηjch se zpomalí, když se napětí p (vzhledem k pe, tj. když ∆p < 0) sníží. Výsledná rychlost ztluštění tkáně, iniciovaná objemovými změnami ηjm<< 0 z primárních mechanických účinků, se bude zvyšovat (zrychlovat) s rostoucím napětím p (vzhledem k pe, tj. při ∆p > 0), podle vztahu (20) a (21). ).obří.

ZKOUMÁNÍ TAHOVÉ SÍLY PEDIKULÁRNÍHO ŠROUBU

Problems with the use of transpedicular spinal fixators were presented in this study. The purpose of this work was to determine the tensile strength value of the transpedicular screw from the vertebrae.

INVESTIGATION OF PEDICLE SCREW PULL-OUT STRENGTH

PEZOWICZ C., FILIPIAK J

CORRESPONDING AUTHOR – PEZOWICZ C

There are tests that investigate the maximum force that can lead to the withdrawal of the screw from the bone (they often depend on the way the screw was inserted or they define the conditions in which the coherence of the connection is violated during a bending attempt ( 1, 7. Various geometric and mechanical parameters of screws are analyzed, as well as their influence on the obtained values ​​of the pull-out force (4, 8). In this work, experimental research was carried out, the aim of the study was to define the dependence between selected geometric features of transpedicular screws, vertebral pediculum and the value of the force that a screw pulls from a vertebra.

MATERIAL AND METHOD

The arrangement construction ensured the consistency of the direction of the determined load with the direction of the axis of the pedicular screw – Fig. The pull-out test consisted of loading the implanted transpedicular screw with force acting in the direction consistent with the axis of the screw. Screw Among Average value of pullout Average value of ratio indication of test N force PW [N] (SD [N]) ds/dp(SD).

Table 1 presents the geometric para- para-meters of analysed transpedicular screws.
Table 1 presents the geometric para- para-meters of analysed transpedicular screws.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In the case of shorter screws, of 30 mm length (S2,W2), the difference in the value of pull-out force makes 30 % in favor of the screw with a cone core. We must emphasize here that the pitch of the screw of most of the cone screws generally makes 2 mm and is characterized by a different profile. Certainly, a lower value of the speed of the thread leads to the increase in the area of ​​screw action on the vertebra.

Fig. 6. The changes in pull-out strength value in relation to dS/dP ratio
Fig. 6. The changes in pull-out strength value in relation to dS/dP ratio

CONCLUSIONS

Axial and Tangential Fixation Strength of Pedicle Screws versus Hooks in the Thoracic Spine in Relation to Bone Mineral Density. Lequesne's Index showed some improvement during the therapy, which, however, disappeared for the DCF monotreatment until the follow-up. At the end of the three-month treatment phase, the chondrex score showed a definite improvement in PCH group.

PŮVODNÍ PRÁCE ● ORIGINAL PAPER

Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee and/or hip were supplemented for 12 weeks with one of three therapies: pharmaceutical grade collagen hydrolyzate (PCH) (10 g/day), diclofenac sodium (DCF) (75 mg/day), or a combination of PCH and DCF. On the other hand, early responses were observed in 85% of patients receiving DCF monotherapy and in none of the patients receiving PCH monotherapy.

ÚČINNOST KOLAGENNÍCH PEPTIDŮ VS

DICLOFENAC U KOSTNÍ FORMY OSTEOARTHRITIDY COMPARISON OF THE EFFICACY THREE DIFFERENT

ADAM M., HULEJOVÁ H., ŠPAČEK P

In recent decades, interest has been given to nutritional supplements (Nutraceuticals) especially to collagen, both as symptomatic relief agents, and agents that can have a specific effect on disease pathophysiology and pathological structural changes. Pharmaceutical grade collagen hydrolyzate (PCH) is a soluble powder obtained by enzymatic digestion with a food-approved enzyme. The aim of this study was to objectify the therapeutic effect of PCH over a three-month treatment in the bone form of osteoarthritis (BOA) by means of clinical outcome measure (Lequesne's Index) as well as specialized laboratory tests – urinary pyridinoline, urinary deoxypyridinoline (UPD, UDPD), serum bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), and serum chondrex and to compare their therapeutic effect with that of diclofenac.

STUDY DESIGN

Visit 2 Visit 3

RESULTS

The effect of chondroitin sulfate in osteoarthritis, which was similar to that presented in this article with PCH, published by Morreale et al. According to our results, the treatment of OA with PCH is effective and without dangerous complications and is not harmful to the cells of the joint space. According to our results, the treatment of OA with PCH is effective and without dangerous complications and is not harmful to the cells of the joint space.

KONFERENCE ● CONFERENCE

LÉČBĚ OSTEOPORÓZY – osteoporotická péče, srovnání

KUKLÍK M

Typically, they lead to exercise-induced myalgias, which are almost always associated with some degree of muscle weakness—in contrast to nonspecific exercise-induced muscle pain syndromes, which do not present marked weakness, unless are followed by rhabdomyolysis, exercise-induced muscle pain is likely caused by a metabolic myopathy and warrants further investigation. Assessment of 3D bone structures in vivo and in vitro in animals and humans provides new insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of osteoporosis. Increased bone density is not paralleled by reduced fracture risk. When the mutation occurs in both alleles, it causes severe neonatal hyperparathyroidism, a disorder characterized by extreme hypercalcemia with severe bone and neurological manifestations. The latter is normally fatal unless the parathyroid glands are removed early in life.

MEZINÁRODNÍ ANTROPOLOGICKÝ KONGRES S NÁZVEM „ANTROPOLOGIE A SPOLEČNOST“

SEDLAK P

The genetic factors (under normal physiological conditions) not only determine the precise time rhythm of the intensive biological activities and the rhythm of the weakly stable states, but they also "start" the remodeling limit cycles. PETRTÝL, M., DANEŠOVÁ, J.: Principles of bone remodeling – the limit cycles of bone remodeling, Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics, vol. 3, no. The ratio of overweight to obese decreases with the age of the child. The χ2 tests confirmed the correlation between the child's BMI values ​​on the one hand and the parents' education, the size of the community and the number of children in the family on the other hand.

ZPRÁVY ● NEWS

TISKOVÉ CHYBY ERRATA

KUKLÍK

ŽIVOTNÍ JUBILEA ANNIVERSARIES

Od roku 2001 je členem redakční rady mezioborového odborného časopisu Pohyb systém - pokrok ve výzkumu, diagnostice a terapii. Karel Macek Členové redakční rady se připojují k blahopřání profesoru Adamovi k tak významnému životnímu jubileu s přáním zdraví do dalších let, úspěchů při řešení výzkumných úkolů a spokojenosti v rodinném kruhu. V letech 1968 až 1984 působil jako odborný asistent a později jako odborný asistent na Ústavu klinické biochemie LF UK v Praze.

OZNÁMENÍ ÚMRTÍ OBITUARY

Ti, kdo ho znali, věděli, že zemřel muž s obrovskou houževnatostí, invencí a inteligencí v různých činnostech, do kterých se zapojoval. Profesor Karas se stal zakladatelem forenzní biomechaniky, případně se zajímal o biomechaniku pohybového systému člověka a vždy měl smysl pro řešení „záhad“. Profesor Karas řadu let na Ústavu soudního inženýrství MAAR přednáší vybraná témata biomechaniky soudním znalcům – analytikům silničních nehod – předmět, který sám v tomto kurzu založil a který dává odborníkům zcela odlišné pohledy na aplikace, které přináší mechanika.

TÉMATIKA PŘÍSPĚVKŮ

ÚPRAVA RUKOPISŮ

SMĚRNICE AUTORŮM ● INSTRUCTIONS FOR AUTHORS

Do seznamu citované literatury uveďte údaje o knihách v pořadí: příjmení a iniciály prvních tří autorů s případnými dodatky. Literaturu časopisu uveďte takto: jméno a iniciály prvních tří autorů (v případě více autorů pište za jménem třetího autora a dalších), název článku, název časopisu nebo jeho uznávanou zkratku , ročník, rok vydání, číslo, stran: Sobotka, Z., Mařík, I.: Remodelace a regenerace kostní tkáně u některých kostních dysplazií. Příspěvky ve sbornících (v knize) jsou seřazeny v pořadí: příjmení a iniciály prvních tří autorů, název článku, editor, název sborníku, ročník, místo, vydavatel a rok vydání, stránky ve sborníku ( kniha): Mařík, I., Kuklík, M., Brůžek, J.: Hodnocení růstu.

KOREKTURY

Obrázky naskenované ve vysoké kvalitě a uložené jako soubor TIFF (*.tif) nebo bitmapový soubor JPEG (*.jpg) na CD-R vrácené autorovi, tabulky, grafy uložené v Microsoft Excel (*.xls) popř. jako vektorové obrázky ve formátech (*.eps, *.cdr nebo

ADRESA PRO ZASÍLÁNÍ PŘÍSPĚVKŮ

SUBJECT MATTER OF CONTRIBUTIONS

MANUSCRIPT REQUIREMENTS

References should be presented in a numerical style. They must be cited in the text between brackets, i.e. the references of books must contain the names and initials of the first three authors, with possible addition “et al.“, title of the book, number of publication, place of publication publication, publisher's name, year of publication and number of pages, for example: Frost, H.M.: The Laws of Bone Structure. The references of articles published in journals should be arranged as follows: the names and initials of the first three authors (possibly after the name of the third author, introduce et al.), title of the article, journal name or its abbreviation of it, year, volume, number and page numbers, for example: Sobotka, Z., Mařík, I.: Remodelation and Regeneration of Bone Tissue at Some Bone Dysplasias.

OBRÁZEK NA TITULNÍ STRANĚ ČASOPISU
OBRÁZEK NA TITULNÍ STRANĚ ČASOPISU

V¯ROBA, OPRAVY A PRODEJ ORTOPEDICKO-PROTETICK¯CH POMÒCEK – protézy dolních a horních končetin

CENTRUM TECHNICKÉ ORTOPEDIE s.r.o

Riegrova 3, 370 01 České Budějovice

Firma nabízí následující služby

FCP ortézy – Fibre de carbone PROTEOR

Imagem

Fig. 1. The weight-line of an anthropoid ape in the oblique quadrupedal position (left) talls between the forelimbs and hind-limbs
Fig. 2. Median sections through the head and trunk of a chimpanzee (after Cunningham, 1886) and of a man (after Stratz, 1905), to show the differences in the curvatures and in the sequence of vertebral body sizes of ape and man (from Weidenreich, 1941).
Fig. 3. Thoracic shape, seen from above, in a monkey (macaque) and a man. In the human subject the spinal column projects into the thoracic cavity and the sternum is relatively much nearer the spine than in the barrel-shaped chest of monkeys and apes (afte
Fig. 7. Ossa coxace (innominate bones) of chimpanzee (A), Australopithecus africanus (B) and mo- mo-dern man (C)
+7

Referências

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