O DESEMPENHO DA INDÚSTRIA EM UBERLÂNDIA
ENTRE 1996 E 2007: CRESCIMENTO DO SETOR DE ALIMENTOS E BEBIDAS E O
RETRO-CESSO INDUSTRIAL
The industrial performance in Uberlândia between 1996 and 2007: growth of the beverage and foods
sector and the industrial decline
Fernando Campos Mesquita
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André Tosi Furtado
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RESUMO: !"#$%&"'()$*'!+)&&#$!),&#$%!$+%&%+"#&-!"'+%!$./#$*#01#2$%$*'132'+%$'1*/!"&'%4$#2$5,#&431*'%$#1"&#$ 6778$#$9::;<$=)+%1*)$1)$+&#!+'2#1")$*)$!#")&$*#$%4'2#1")!$#$,#,'*%!$#$!/%$*'>#&!'0+%?@)$'1"#&1%<$+)2$
o fortalecimento da agroindústria processadora de carnes equiparando-se ao processamento de grãos. Esse processo é compreendido pela ótica dos novos elementos que caracterizam a economia brasileira após 1990, com a abertura econômica e a reestruturação industrial. Em tese, uma das características desse sistema seria privilegiar as indústrias intensivas em recursos naturais, cuja inserção no mercado externo ocorre de forma mais acentuada. No entanto, conforme buscamos demonstrar pelo estudo da
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por um retrocesso da indústria tanto em nível nacional, quanto estadual.
Palavras-Chave:$],,;(-F(F-'[\!$M01F;(-2'.#$M01C;(-2'$M0(,0;2^'$,@$],"F-;!;$&'(F-'2;#$ ,(!-$1,$P.2@,0(!;$,$T,+21';$,@$ Uberlândia.
ABSTRACT: DC#$2%'1$A/&A)!#$)=$"C'!$%&"'+4#$'!$")$!"/*E$"C#$'1*/!"&'%4$*E1%2'+!$)=$5,#&431*'%<$4)+%"#*$'1$F&%B'4'%1$
Minas Gerais State, between 1996 and 2007. Our focus is the beverage and food industry growth and the
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-ing. This situation was understood by the perspective of new elements that characterize the Brazilian economy after 1990´s, like the trade liberalization and productive restructuring. In theory, this system tends to privilege the natural resources industry that has a high level of insertion in the international
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industry causes a decline to the dynamism of this micro-region in proportion of Brazilians and Minas Gerais industry.
INTRODUÇÃO
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no cerrado de Minas Gerais.
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ABERTURA COMERCIAL E
REESTRUTURA-ÇÃO INDUSTRIAL NO BRASIL APÓS 1990: OS
PRIVILÉGIOS À PRODUÇÃO INTENSIVA EM
RECURSOS NATURAIS
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brasileira.
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a indústria brasileira passou por um processo
de intensa abertura às importações, em que
estavam combinadas a valorização da taxa de
cambio, eliminação de controles
administra-tivos, redução de tarifas e a possibilidade de
01%1+'%&$'2A)&"%?J#!$#2$2#4C)&#!$+)1*'?J#!$
do que as vendas internas.
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de muitos setores industriais e a marcante penetração
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a fragilidade estrutural da posição
competiti-va brasileira, baseada em setores produtores
de commodities, de grandes escalas de
pro-dução, intensivos em matérias-primas de base
agrícola, em recursos naturais e energia, com
grau relativamente baixo de transformação
industrial.
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ano com um faturamento de aproximadamente
R$ 200 milhões e contava com cerca de 4.000
colaboradores. Até setembro de 2004, o
nú-mero de funcionários já havia chegado 5.000
#$+C#(%&O$%$TIU::$1/2$A&%B)$*#$"&K!$%1)!$V$
faturamento da unidade, que alcançou R$
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local que desponta como importante para a região
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um alto dinamismo.
@2"-!--,I2\!$ ,@$ +,0,JY"2!$ 1'$ A-!1F[\!$ 1,$ "'-0,;)$
condição que tende a se acentuar nos anos posteriores.
O RETROCESSO DA ATIVIDADE INDUSTRIAL
EM UBERLÂNDIA
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ção do setor de alimentos e bebidas da Microrregião
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tanto ao âmbito nacional como estadual.
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a participação interna do setor de alimentos e bebidas
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ção da microrregião no setor de alimentos e bebidas
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Uberlândia na produção agroindustrial não garantiu
8
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/2%$ #!"&/"/&%$ *'>#&!'0+%*%$ #$ ,%!#%*%$ #2$
recursos endógenos se apresenta, a nosso
ver, como uma alternativa a ser reconhecida
como válida para fazer face ao
comporta-mento errático dos mercados internacionais.
52%$ #!"&/"/&%$ '1*/!"&'%4$ *'>#&!'0+%*%$ "#2$
mais chances de se recuperar de intempéries
passageiras, permitindo que os ramos com
melhor desempenho assumam o comando,
./%1*)$%4(/1!$A%!!%2$A)&$*'0+/4*%*#!I$Q!
-!'2<$)$*#!#2A&#()$#2$/2$&%2)$A)*#$!'(1'0
-car absorção de mão-de-obra por outro. Isso
sem contar as possibilidades de integração do
"#+'*)$ '1*/!"&'%4$ 4)+%4<$ ./#$ %$ *'>#&!'0+%?@)$
contribui para aprofundar. Dessa forma, é
mais provável que o dinamismo global da
re-gião seja mantido, mesmo que nem sempre em
níveis muito elevados. O importante é que uma
&#('@)$ *'>#&!'0+%*%$ "#1*#$ %$ !#&$ 2%'!$ %*%A
-"O>#4<$2%'!$N#M->#4$]!$2/*%1?%!$#+)1^2'+%!$
do que uma região altamente especializada.
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A-!AY"2'$ A'-'$ '$ ,"!0!@2'$ 1'$ @2"-!--,I2\!$ gF0(!$ '!$
mercado nacional.
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ao maior dinamismo alcançado pelos bens de produção
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microrregião
