ÉPOCA, LOCAL DE COLHEITA E ARMAZENAMENTO NA QUALIDADE
FISIOLÓGICA DA SEMENTE DE SEMPRE-VIVA (
Syngonanthus elegans
(Bong.) Ruhland
– ERIOCAULACEAE)
1SILVIA CRISTINA PASLAUSKI NUNES2, UBIRAJARA RUSSI NUNES3, PATRÍCIA GOMES FONSECA2,
PAULO HENRIQUE GRAZZIOTTI3, ROGÉRIO GOMES PEGO4, LEANDRO MARCIANO MARRA4
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INTRODUÇÃO
Syngonanthus elegans %RQJ 5XKODQG SHUWHQFH j
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MATERIAL E MÉTODOS
Experimento 1 – Épocas e locais de colheita. &DStWXORV
deS. elegansIRUDPFROKLGRVPDQXDOPHQWHHPFLQFRpSRFDV
H HP
SDUFHODV GH P2 HP GXDV iUHDV ORFDLV GH FROKHLWD GH
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Experimento 2 – Locais de colheita e armazenamento.
/RJR DSyV D FROKHLWD GH SDUWH GRV FDStWXORV ORFDLVHIRUDPDFRQGLFLRQDGRVHPVDFRVGHSROLHWLOHQR
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RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO
Experimento 1 – Épocas e locais de colheita. Os resultados
REWLGRVQRWHVWHGHYLJRUHJHUPLQDomRSDUDRVORFDLVH QDVGLIHUHQWHVpSRFDVGHFROKHLWDHQFRQWUDPVHQD7DEHOD +RXYHGLIHUHQoDHVWDWtVWLFDVLJQL¿FDWLYDHQWUHORFDLVHpSRFDV GHFROKHLWDFRPUHVSRVWDVYDULDGDVSDUDYLJRUHJHUPLQDomR 2V PDLRUHV YDORUHV GH YLJRU H IRUDP REWLGRV TXDQGRDFROKHLWDGDVVHPHQWHVIRLHPQRORFDO HHPQRORFDO1DFROKHLWDUHDOL]DGDHP QRORFDORVYDORUHVGHYLJRUVXSHUDUDPRVREWLGRVQRORFDO 2YLJRUGDVVHPHQWHVTXDQGRFROKLGDVHPQR ORFDOVXSHURXRVYDORUHVGHYLJRUGDVVHPHQWHVFROKLGDV QRORFDO
FIGURA 1. Distribuição mensal da precipitação (2005 e de 1971 a 1990) e temperatura média durante o período de estudo em Diamantina, MG.
0,0 50,0 100,0 150,0 200,0 250,0 300,0 350,0 400,0 450,0
JAN FEV MAR ABR MAI JUN JUL AGO SET OUT NOV DEZ
Mês
Chuva (mm)
0,0 5,0 10,0 15,0 20,0 25,0 2005
1971-1990
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S. elegans DSUHVHQWD JUDQGHV SRSXODo}HV H DPSOD iUHD GH
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HW DO SRQGHUDP TXH HVSpFLHV GH Syngonanthus
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Experimento 2 – Locais de colheita e armazenamento.$
DQiOLVHHVWDWtVWLFDGRVGDGRVUHYHORXGLIHUHQoDVLJQL¿FDWLYD DSHQDVSDUDRIDWRUDUPD]HQDPHQWRQDVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVYLJRU HJHUPLQDomRGDVHPHQWH1mRKRXYHHIHLWRGRVIDWRUHVORFDO GHFROKHLWDHWHPSHUDWXUDGHDUPD]HQDPHQWR
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TABELA 1. Vigor e germinação de semente de Syngonanthus elegans (Bong.) Ruhland, em função das épocas e dos locais de colheita, no ano de 2005.
0pGLDVVHJXLGDVSHODVPHVPDVOHWUDVPDL~VFXODVQDVFROXQDVHPLQ~VFXODVQDOLQKDQmRGLIHUHPHQWUHVLSHORWHVWHGH7XNH\DGHSUREDELOLGDGH
Vigor (%) Germinação (%)
Época de colheita
Local 1 Local 2 Local 1 Local 2
04/07/05 1,0 Ba 1,0 Ca 6,0 Ba 3,0 Cb
19/07/05 4,0 Bb 17,0 Aa 5,0 Bb 17,0 Aa
22/08/05 7,0 Ba 2,0 BCb 22,0 Aa 4,0 Bb
21/09/05 5,0 Ba 5,0 Ba 9,0 Ba 7,0 Ba
20/10/05 35,0 Aa 5,0 Bb 35,0 Aa 5,0 Bb
WDPEpPQmRGLIHULUDPHVWDWtVWLFDPHQWHGRVYDORUHVHQFRQWUDGRV DRVTXDWURHRLWRPHVHVSDUDRVGRLVORFDLVGHFROKHLWD)LJXUD 2OLYHLUDH*DUFLDH6FDWHQDHWDOWUDEDOKDQGR
FRP VHPHQWHV GHS. elegans QmR DUPD]HQDGDV REWLYHUDP
SHUFHQWDJHQVGHJHUPLQDomRGHHUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
HP WHPSHUDWXUDV GH H o& %HGr HP WUDEDOKR
UHDOL]DGRHP6mR*RQoDORGR5LR3UHWR0*REWHYHWD[DV GH JHUPLQDomR LQIHULRUHV D XWLOL]DQGR WHPSHUDWXUDV
FRQVWDQWHV GH D o& $ GLIHUHQoD QRV YDORUHV GH
JHUPLQDomRQHVVHVWUDEDOKRVHRVUHVXOWDGRVDTXLHQFRQWUDGRV SRGHHVWDUUHODFLRQDGDDRVORFDLVHjVpSRFDVGHFROKHLWDGDV VHPHQWHVEHPFRPRjVWHPSHUDWXUDVXWLOL]DGDVQRVWHVWHV &RQVLGHUDQGR RV PDLRUHV YDORUHV GH YLJRU H JHUPLQDomR
REWLGRV DQWHV GR DUPD]HQDPHQWR QR ([SHULPHQWR SDUD VHPHQWHV FROKLGDV HP ORFDO H RV YDORUHV REWLGRV DSyV R DUPD]HQDPHQWR QR ([SHULPHQWR H SDUDRORFDOSRGHVHLQIHULUTXHRDUPD]HQDPHQWRSRU PHVHVHPJHODGHLUDRXHPWHPSHUDWXUDDPELHQWHPHOKRURX DTXDOLGDGH¿VLROyJLFDGDVHPHQWH
2V EDL[RV YDORUHV GH YLJRU H JHUPLQDomR HQFRQWUDGRV DQWHV GR DUPD]HQDPHQWR SRGHP HVWDU UHODFLRQDGRV j pSRFD HPTXHIRLUHDOL]DGDDFROKHLWDRQGHDVVHPHQWHV HQFRQWUDYDPVHDLQGDLPDWXUDV¿VLRORJLFDPHQWHUHTXHUHQGR XP SHUtRGR GH SyVPDWXUDomR FRPR VXJHUHP 6i &DUYDOKR H 5LEHLUR RX TXH DOJXP RXWUR PHFDQLVPR GH LPSHGLPHQWRjJHUPLQDomRDLQGDHVWLYHVVHSUHVHQWH3RSLQLJLV 0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Vigor (%)
zero quatro oito doze
Armazenamento (meses) Geladeira
Ambiente
Baa
ABaa
Aaa
Aaa
LOCAL 1
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Vigor (%)
zero quatro oito doze
Armazenamento (meses) Geladeira
Ambiente
Baa
ABab
Aaa
Aaa
FIGURA 2. Vigor de semente de Syngonanthus elegans (Bong.) Ruhland colhida no local 1 e no local 2, em 04/07/05, em função da temperatura (geladeira e ambiente) e do período de armazenamento.
GHVFUHYH D LPSHUPHDELOLGDGH GR WHJXPHQWR j iJXD HjWURFDGHJDVHVDSUHVHQoDGHLQLELGRUHVGDJHUPLQDomR D UHVLVWrQFLD PHFkQLFD GR WHJXPHQWR DR FUHVFLPHQWR GR HPEULmRHDPDWXULGDGH¿VLROyJLFDGRHPEULmRFRPRFDXVDV GHGRUPrQFLDHQFRQWUDGDVQDVHPHQWH&RPRDUPD]HQDPHQWR pSRVVtYHOTXHWDLVIDWRUHVWHQKDPVLGRWRWDORXSDUFLDOPHQWH HOLPLQDGRV 1DNDJDZD HW DO HP WUDEDOKR FRP R D]HYpPDQXDOFRQVWDWDUDPTXHDVHPHQWHFRPORQJHYLGDGH VXSHULRUDDQRVWHYHDGRUPrQFLDVXSHUDGDQRGHFRUUHUGR DUPD]HQDPHQWR%HZOH\H%ODFNHQIDWL]DPTXHSDUD VHPHQWHGHDUUR]LUULJDGRRSURFHVVRJHUPLQDWLYRpLPSHGLGR SHODLPSRVVLELOLGDGHGRHPEULmRDEVRUYHUR[LJrQLRGHYLGRj
SUHVHQoDGHLQLELGRUHVGDJHUPLQDomRQRWHJXPHQWR'XUDQWH RDUPD]HQDPHQWRRFRQVXPRGHR[LJrQLRSHORWHJXPHQWRp GLPLQXtGRHRHIHLWRGDGRUPrQFLDpUHGX]LGR3DL[mR6DQWRVHW DOUHODWDPTXHREVHUYDo}HVGDPRUIRORJLDGDVHPHQWH
de S. mucugensis*LXOFRQGX]HPjLGpLDGDQmRH[LVWrQFLD
GH WHJXPHQWR HQGXUHFLGR QD VHPHQWH HQWUHWDQWR GHYLGR j GL¿FXOGDGHGHJHUPLQDomRGDHVSpFLHpSURYiYHODH[LVWrQFLD GHXPDFDPDGDLPSHUPHiYHOTXHLPSRVVLELOLWDDHPEHELomR
(VVD YDULDomR QRV YDORUHV GH YLJRU H JHUPLQDomR GD VHPHQWHDUPD]HQDGDSRGHHVWDUUHODFLRQDGDFRPDHVWUDWpJLD GD HVSpFLH SDUD D GLVWULEXLomR GD FDSDFLGDGH JHUPLQDWLYD QR WHPSR FRPR PHQFLRQDGR DQWHULRUPHQWH ([SHULPHQWR 0
5 10 15 20 25 30
Germinação (%)
zero quatro oito doze
Armazenamento (meses) Geladeira
Ambiente
Baa
ABaa
Aaa
Aaa LOCAL 1
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Germinação (%)
zero quatro oito doze
Armazenamento (meses) Geladeira
Ambiente
Baa
Aab
Aaa
Aaa
LOCAL 2
FIGURA 3. Germinação de semente de Syngonanthus elegans (Bong.) Ruhland colhida no local 1 e no local 2, em 04/07/05, em função da temperatura (geladeira e ambiente) e do período de armazenamento.
VHQGR XP PRGR GH VREUHYLYrQFLD GD HVSpFLH 6RPDVH D LVVR R IDWR GH TXH RV FDStWXORV IRUDP FROKLGRV GH XPD SRSXODomRGHSODQWDVRQGHDSRVVLELOLGDGHGHXQLIRUPLGDGH QD PDWXUDomR GD VHPHQWH p SHTXHQD (VVH HIHLWR SRGH VHU REVHUYDGRSHODGLIHUHQoDQRFUHVFLPHQWRGDVSOkQWXODVQR PRPHQWR GD UHDOL]DomR GD SULPHLUD FRQWDJHP GR WHVWH GH JHUPLQDomRGLDVHQDFRQWDJHP¿QDOGDVVHPHQWHVDRV GLDVGRLQtFLRGRWHVWH)LJXUDVH
2VFROKHGRUHVGHVHPSUHYLYDHP'LDPDQWLQDUHDOL]DP
DFROKHLWDGRVHVFDSRVÀRUDLVQRVPHVHVGHPDUoRDDEULO H DSyV RV WUDEDOKRV GH VHFDJHP OLPSH]D H VHOHomR SDUD H[SRUWDomRRPDWHULDOGHVFDUWDGRYDUUHGXUDFRQVWLWXtGRGH HVFDSRVFDStWXORVSHTXHQRVHFRPGHIHLWRVpDUPD]HQDGR QR SUySULR DUPD]pP SDUD VHPHDGXUD QD pSRFD GDV iJXDV 2V UHVXOWDGRV HQFRQWUDGRV QR SUHVHQWH WUDEDOKR SRUWDQWR FRQ¿UPDPDPHOKRULDGDTXDOLGDGH¿VLROyJLFDGDVHPHQWH
deS. elegans TXDQGRDUPD]HQDGDSDUDSRVWHULRUVHPHDGXUD
HPpSRFDIDYRUiYHO
FIGURA 4. Semente de Syngonanthus elegans (Bong.) Ruhland aos 10 dias, não germinada (a) e início de germinação (b) e aos 20 dias (c e d) após o início do teste.
10 mm 1 mm
3 mm
6 mm
CONCLUSÕES
$TXDOLGDGH¿VLROyJLFDGDVHPHQWHGHS. elegans varia
HPIXQomRGDpSRFDHGRORFDOGHFROKHLWD
2 DUPD]HQDPHQWR SRU PHVHV HP JHODGHLUD RX WHPSHUDWXUD DPELHQWH PHOKRUD D TXDOLGDGH ¿VLROyJLFD GD VHPHQWHSURYHQLHQWHGHGLIHUHQWHVORFDLVGHFROHWD
REFERÊNCIAS
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