Neurotropic action of soy lecithin in the process of cognitive function formation in white rats

(1)

ɌȿɈɊȿɌɂɑɇȺ ɆȿȾɂɐɂɇȺ

ɍȾɄ 616-009:582.736.3:547.953:616.89-008.45/.48-092.9

Ⱥ

.

Ʌ

.

Ⱦɪɨɡɞɨɜ

,

Ⱥ

.

Ƚ

.

Ɋɨɞɢɧɫɤɢɣ

,

Ⱥ

.

Ƚ

.

Ɂɭɛɤɨɜɫɤɚɹ

,

ȿ

.

Ɇ

.

Ⱦɟɦɱɟɧɤɨ

Ʌ

.

Ⱥ

.

Ɋɨɦɚɧɟɧɤɨ

ɇ

ȿ

Ƀ

Ɋ

Ɉ

Ɍ

Ɋ

Ɉ

ɉ

ɇ

Ɉ

ȿ

Ⱦ

ȿ

Ƀ

ɋ

Ɍ

ȼ

ɂ

ȿ

ɋ

Ɉ

ȿ

ȼ

Ɉ

Ƚ

Ɉ

Ʌ

ȿ

ɐ

ɂ

Ɍ

ɂ

ɇ

Ⱥ

ȼ

ɉ

Ɋ

Ɉ

ɐ

ȿ

ɋ

ȿ

Ɏ

Ɉ

Ɋ

Ɇ

ɂ

Ɋ

Ɉ

ȼ

Ⱥ

ɇ

ɂ

ə

Ʉ

Ɉ

Ƚ

ɇ

ɂ

Ɍ

ɂ

ȼ

ɇ

Ɉ

Ƀ

Ɏ

ɍ

ɇ

Ʉ

ɐ

ɂ

ɍ

Ȼ

ȿ

Ʌ

ɕ

ɏ

Ʉ

Ɋ

ɕ

ɋ

ȾɁ «Ⱦɧɿɩɪɨɩɟɬɪɨɜɫɶɤɚ ɦɟɞɢɱɧɚ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɿɹ ɆɈɁ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ» ɤɚɮɟɞɪɚ ɮɿɡɿɨɥɨɝɿʀ

(ɡɚɜ. – ɞ.ɦɟɞ.ɧ.,ɩɪɨɮ.Ɉ.Ƚ.Ɋɨɞɢɧɫɶɤɢɣ)

ɜɭɥ.Ⱦɡɟɪɠɢɧɫɶɤɨɝɨ, 9, Ⱦɧɿɩɪɨɩɟɬɪɨɜɫɶɤ, 49044 ɍɤɪɚʀɧɚ

SE «Dnipropetrovsk medical academy of Health Ministry of Ukraine» Department of physiology

Dzerzhinsky str., 9, Dnipropetrovsk, 49044, Ukraine e-mail: a.rodinsky@gmail.com

e-mail: cndl_ddma@mail.ru

Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ:ɫɨɟɜɵɣ ɥɟɰɢɬɢɧ,ɩɨɥɢɧɟɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɧɵɟ ɠɢɪɧɵɟ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ (ɉɇɀɄ), ɤɨɝɧɢɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ Key words:soy lecithin, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), cognitive function

Ɋɟɮɟɪɚɬ. ɇɟɣɪɨɬɪɨɩɧɚ ɞɿɹ ɫɨɽɜɨɝɨ ɥɟɰɢɬɢɧɭ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɿ ɮɨɪɦɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɤɨɝɧɿɬɢɜɧɨʀ ɮɭɧɤɰɿʀ ɛɿɥɢɯ ɳɭɪɿɜ.

Ⱦɪɨɡɞɨɜ Ɉ.Ʌ., Ɋɨɞɢɧɫɶɤɢɣ Ɉ.Ƚ., Ɂɭɛɤɨɜɫɶɤɚ Ⱥ.Ƚ., Ⱦɟɦɱɟɧɤɨ Ɉ.Ɇ., Ɋɨɦɚɧɟɧɤɨ Ʌ.Ⱥ. ȼ ɟɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɯ ɧɚ

ɛɿɥɢɯ ɳɭɪɚɯ ɜɢɜɱɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɟɣɪɨɬɪɨɩɧɚ ɞɿɹ ɫɨɽɜɨɝɨ ɥɟɰɢɬɢɧɭ, ɜɿɞɨɦɨɝɨ ɹɤ ɞɠɟɪɟɥɨ ɩɨɥɿɧɟɧɚɫɢɱɟɧɢɯ ɠɢɪɧɢɯ ɤɢɫɥɨɬ, ɧɚ ɮɨɧɿ ɧɟɣɪɨɬɨɤɫɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɜɩɥɢɜɭ ɱɨɬɢɪɶɨɯɯɥɨɪɢɫɬɨɝɨ ɜɭɝɥɟɰɸ. Ʉɭɪɫɨɜɟ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɧɹ CCl4 ɜɢɹɜɢɥɨ ɫɭɬɬɽɜɢɣ ɝɚɥɶɦɿɜɧɢɣ ɟɮɟɤɬ,ɳɨ ɩɨɡɧɚɱɢɜɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɩɨɧɬɚɧɧɿɣ ɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɰɿ ɛɿɥɢɯ ɳɭɪɿɜ ɭ «ɜɿɞɤɪɢɬɨɦɭ ɩɨɥɿ»ɡɧɚɱɧɢɦ ɩɪɢɝɧɿɱɟɧɧɹɦ ɪɭɯɥɢɜɨɫɬɿ (44%-77%), ɞɨɫɥɿɞɧɢɰɶɤɨʀ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿ (81%), ɚ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɩɨɫɢɥɟɧɧɹɦ ɟɦɨɰɿɣɧɨɫɬɿ (140%). Ɍɚɤɟ ɩɨɪɭɲɟɧɧɹ ɤɨɝɧɿɬɢɜɧɨʀ ɮɭɧɤɰɿʀ, ɦɨɠɥɢɜɨ, ɩɨɜ’ɹɡɚɧɟ ɡ ɩɪɨɨɤɫɢɞɚɬɢɜɧɢɦ ɟɮɟɤɬɨɦ CCl4 ɬɚ ɡɦɟɧɲɟɧɧɹɦ ɜɦɿɫɬɭ ɩɨɥɿɧɟɧɚɫɢɱɟɧɨʀ ɮɪɚɤɰɿʀ ɠɢɪɧɢɯ ɤɢɫɥɨɬ ɭ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɿ ɥɿɩɿɞɿɜ ɦɨɡɤɭ.Ʉɭɪɫɨɜɟ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹ ɫɨɽɜɨɝɨ ɥɟɰɢɬɢɧɭ,ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɭ ɡ ɚɧɬɢɨɤɫɢɞɚɬɢɜɧɨɸ ɞɿɽɸ ɬɚ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɨɫɬɚɛɿɥɿɡɭɸɱɢɦ ɟɮɟɤɬɨɦ, ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɥɨ ɞɨ ɨɩɬɢɦɿɡɚɰɿʀ ɫɩɨɧɬɚɧɧɨʀ ɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɤɢ ɳɭɪɿɜ. ȼɿɞɧɨɜɥɸɜɚɜɫɹ ɪɿɜɟɧɶ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɧɢɰɶɤɨɝɨ ɧɿɪɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɿɧɫɬɢɧɤɬɭ, ɟɦɨɰɿɣɧɨɫɬɿ,ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨʀ ɪɭɯɥɢɜɨɫɬɿ,ɚ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɚ ɪɭɯɥɢɜɿɫɬɶ ɧɚɜɿɬɶ ɡɛɿɥɶɲɭɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɧɚ 59%. Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɱɢɧɨɦ, ɫɨɽɜɢɣ ɥɟɰɢɬɢɧ ɦɨɠɧɚ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɜɚɬɢ ɹɤ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬ,ɳɨ ɤɨɪɟɝɭɽ ɤɨɝɧɿɬɢɜɧɭ ɮɭɧɤɰɿɸ ɦɨɡɤɭ.

Abstract. Neurotropic action of soy lecithin in the process of cognitive function formation in white rats. Drozdov A.L., Rodinsky Ⱥ.G., Zubkovskaya Ⱥ.G., Demchenko ȿ.Ɇ., Romanenko L.A. In experiments conducted on white rats neurotropic action of soy lecithin, known as a source of unsaturated fatty acids on the background of the neurotoxic impact of CCl4 was studied. Useage of CCl4by courses showed a significant inhibitory effect that affected the spontaneous behavior of rats “in the open field” by significant inhibition of mobility (44 - 77%), research activity (81%) and increased emotionality (140%). Such usage of soy lecithin having anti-oxidant activity and membrane-stabilizing effect led to optimization of spontaneous behavior of rats. The infringement of cognitive function is, possibly, due to the prooxydative effect of CCl4 and decrease in the unsaturated fatty acid fraction in the structure of the brain lipids. Level of research, mink instinct, emotionality, vertical mobility were restored, and horizontal mobility even increased by 59%. Thus, soy lecithin may be recommended as a drug with correcting cognitive brain function.

ȼ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɨɜ, ɤɨɪɪɢɝɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɤɨɝɧɢ -ɬɢɜɧɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɦɨɡɝɚ, ɜɫɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɸɬ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɨ -ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ. ɍɧɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɫɨ -ɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɦɨɡɝɚ, ɤɚɤ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ, ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɧɬɟɧ -ɫɢɜɧɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ. ɇɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ ɦɚɫɫɭ – 2% ɨɬ ɦɚɫɫɵ ɬɟɥɚ, ɨɧ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɬ 20–25% ɜɫɟɝɨ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ, ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦ. Ɉɛɵɱɧɨ 3–5% O2 ɧɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɟ ȺɌɎ ɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɰɢɸ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ (ȺɎɄ) [1]. ɋ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ,ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɢɝɪɚɸɬ ɪɨɥɶ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɧɢɤɨɜ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪ -ɦɚɰɢɢ. ɋ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ, ɨɧɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɜ

ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨ-ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɤɢɫɥɟɧɢɹ (ɋɊɈ).

(2)

-ɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ ɢ, ɤɚɤ ɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ, ɭɥɭɱɲɚɟɬ ɫɢɧɚɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɭ [11]. Ɍɚɤɨɟ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɟ ɚɮɮɢɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɟɞɢɚɬɨɪɧɨ-ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤ -ɫɚ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɫɟɪɨɬɨɧɢɧɟɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɧɚɩɬɢ -ɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ, ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɧɨɪɚɞɪɟ -ɧɟɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɟɣɪɨɦɟɞɢɚɰɢɢ. Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɰɢɹ ɚɤɬɢɜ -ɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɟɞɢɚɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɤɨɪɪɟɝɢɪɭɟɬ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɬɢɜɧɭɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶ -ɧɨɫɬɶ ɐɇɋ, ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɫɩɨɧɬɚɧɧɭɸ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧ -ɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ, ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ, ɤɨɝɧɢ -ɬɢɜɧɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ [9].

ɍɱɢɬɵɜɚɹ ɜɵɲɟɫɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɟ, ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɨ -ɠɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɨɞɧɢɦɢ ɢɡ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɨ -ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɟ -ɩɚɪɚɬɵ,ɜɨɫɩɨɥɧɹɸɳɢɟ,ɚ ɡɧɚɱɢɬ ɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɢɟ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɇɀɄ ɦɨɡɝɚ [7]. ɇɚ ɧɚɲ ɜɡɝɥɹɞ, ɢɧɬɟ-ɪɟɫɧɵɦ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɥɟɝɤɨ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵɣ ɫɨɟɜɵɣ ɥɟɰɢɬɢɧ – ɦɨɳɧɵɣ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɩɨɥɢɧɟɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɧɵɯ ɀɄ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɷɫɫɟɧ-ɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ, ɧɟ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɟ [6]. ɂ ɟɫɥɢ ɞɥɹ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ ɢ ɜ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɦ ɨɛɴɺɦɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɵ ɝɟɩɚɬɨɩɪɨɬɟɤɬɨɪɧɵɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ, ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɥɟɰɢ -ɬɢɧɚ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɢɳɟɜɨɣ ɞɨɛɚɜɤɢ ɜ ɨɬɤɚɪɦɥɢ -ɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɬɢɰɵ, ɤɪɭɩɧɨɝɨ ɪɨɝɚɬɨɝɨ ɫɤɨɬɚ, ɪɵɛɵ ɢ ɞɪ., ɬɨ ɧɟɣɪɨɬɪɨɩɧɨɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɦɚɥɨ -ɢɡɭɱɟɧɧɵɦ. ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɛɵɥɨ ɢɡɭ -ɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɨɥɢ ɫɨɟɜɨɝɨ ɥɟɰɢɬɢɧɚ ɜ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɤɨɝɧɢɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɐɇɋ ɧɚ ɮɨɧɟ ɬɨɤɫɢɱɟɫ -ɤɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɟɫɫɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɱɟɬɵɪɺɯɯɥɨɪɢɫ -ɬɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ (ɑɏɍ).

ɆȺɌȿɊɂȺɅɕ ɂ ɆȿɌɈȾɕ ɂɋɋɅȿȾɈȼȺɇɂɃ

ɇɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɧɚ 30 ɛɟɥɵɯ ɛɟɫɩɨ -ɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɨɥɨɜɨɡɪɟɥɵɯ ɤɪɵɫɚɯ ɦɚɫɫɨɣ 170-240 ɝ.

ȼɫɟ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɵ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬ -ɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦɢ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɝɭɦɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɦ (Ʉɨɧɜɟɧɰɢɹ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɨɬ 18.03.1986 ɝ.; Ɂɚɤɨɧ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɨɬ 21.02.2006 ɝ. ʋ 3447-IV).

ɋɩɨɧɬɚɧɧɚɹ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɦ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶ -ɧɨɫɬɢ ɐɇɋ ɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟɦ ɜɵɫɲɢɯ ɧɟɪɜɧɵɯ ɰɟɧɬɪɨɜ.

ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɜ ɬɟɫɬɟ «ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɟ ɩɨɥɟ» ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɥɢ ɜ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɪɚɡ -ɦɟɪɨɦ 100 ɧɚ 100 ɫɦ ɫ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɹɦɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɥɨɠ -ɧɵɦɢ ɧɨɪɤɚɦɢ ɩɨ 10 ɫɦ [2]. Ɉ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɭɞɢɥɢ ɩɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɭ ɩɟɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ 3 ɦɢɧɭɬ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɨɜ, ɨɛ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ – ɩɨ ɱɢɫɥɭ

ɰɢɣ ɢ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɝpyɦɦɢɧɝɚ, ɨ ɛɟɡɭ -ɫɥɨɜɧɨ-ɪɟɮɥɟɤɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ – ɩɨ ɱɢɫɥɭ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɧɨɪɨɤ.

Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɥɢ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɜɧɭɬɪɢɠɟɥɭɞɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɑɏɍ, ɪɚɡɜɟɞɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜ 2 ɪɚɡɚ ɜ ɨɥɢɜɤɨɜɨɦ ɦɚɫɥɟ, ɜ ɞɨɡɟ 2,5 ɝ/ɤɝ ɧɚ 1, 3 ɢ 7 ɫɭɬɤɢ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ. ɂɫɫɥɟɞɭ -ɟɦɵɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɥɢ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɧɚɱɚɥɨɦ, ɧɚ 3, 7 ɢ 14 ɫɭɬɤɢ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚ ɭ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɢ ɤɪɵɫ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɟɠɟɞɧɟɜɧɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ -ɠɟɥɭɞɨɱɧɨ ɜɜɨɞɢɥɢ 20% ɜɡɜɟɫɶ ɫɨɟɜɨɝɨ ɥɟɰɢɬɢɧɚ (ɋɅ). Ʉɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ ɤɪɵɫ ɟɠɟɞɧɟɜɧɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɢɠɟɥɭɞɨɱɧɨ ɜɜɨɞɢɥɢ ɢɡɨɬɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɪɚɫɬ -ɜɨɪ ɯɥɨɪɢɫɬɨɝɨ ɧɚɬɪɢɹ ɩɨ 100 ɝ/ɤɝ.

ȼ ɤɨɧɰɟ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚ ɢɡɭɱɚɥɚɫɶ ɦɢɤɪɨɫɤɨɩɢ -ɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɦɨɡɝɚ.

Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ ɨɛɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɥɢ ɦɚɬɟ-ɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ t-ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɹ ɋɬɶɸɞɟɧɬɚ [4].

ɊȿɁɍɅɖɌȺɌɕ ɂ ɂɏ ɈȻɋɍɀȾȿɇɂȿ

Ɉɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɬɨɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ CCl4 ɧɚ ɐɇɋ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɨ -ɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɋɊɈ ɧɚ ɮɨɧɟ ɢɧɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ ɮɟɪɦɟɧɬɚɬɢɜ -ɧɵɯ ɢ ɧɟɮɟɪɦɟɧɬɚɬɢɜ-ɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɚɧɬɢɨɤɫɢ -ɞɚɧɬɧɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ (ȺɈɁ). ɑɪɟɡɦɟɪɧɚɹ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢ -ɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɉɈɅ, ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɤ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɉɇɀɄ ɜ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ ɦɟɦ-ɛɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɥɢɩɢɞɨɜ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɢ, ɤɚɤ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ, ɤ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɝɨɦɟɨɜɹɡɤɨɫɬɢ ɤɥɟɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧ [3]. ɍɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɥɢ ɧɟɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɧɨɣ ɮɪɚɤɰɢɢ ɀɄ ɜ ɮɨɫɮɨɥɢɩɢɞɚɯ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɧɚɪɭɲɚɟɬ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧ,ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɜ ɨɬɧɨ -ɲɟɧɢɢ ɫɟɪɨɬɨɧɢɧ-, ɚɞɪɟɧɷɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɦɟɞɢɚ -ɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ.

(3)

ɌȿɈɊȿɌɂɑɇȺ ɆȿȾɂɐɂɇȺ

Ɍ ɚ ɛ ɥ ɢ ɰ ɚ 1

ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯɯɥɨɪɢɫɬɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɤɪɵɫ ɜ ɬɟɫɬɟ

"

ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɟ ɩɨɥɟ

"

ɉɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɋɟɪɢɢ

ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ ɋɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ

ȽȾȺ1) _ȼȾȺ Ƚɪ

(ɫɟɤ.) ɇɊ ȻȾ

Ɇ 22,3 4,8 11,1 3,6 1,0

ɂɫɯɨɞɧɵɣ ɮɨɧ

±m 2,2 0,8 1,7 0,4 0,3

Ɇ 22,6 4,4 7,7 1,7* 1,3 3ɫɭɬ

±m 5,6 0,8 2,

0,6 0,6

Ɇ 34,6 4,0 6,9 3,0 4,5* 7ɫɭɬ

±m 5,9 0,6 1,4 0,5 1,1

Ɇ 11,6* 1,1* 4,3* 0,7* 2,4* 14ɫɭɬ

±m 2,2 0,5 1,1 0,3 0,4

ɉ ɪ ɢ ɦ ɟ ɱ ɚ ɧ ɢ ɹ: 1) ȽȾȺ - ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ; ȼȾȺ - ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ; Ƚɪ -

ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɪɭɦɦɢɧɝɚ ɜ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɚɯ;ɇɊ - ɧɨɪɤɨɜɵɣ ɪɟɮɥɟɤɫ,ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ "ɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɧɨɪɨɤ";ȻȾ - ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɛɨɥɸɫɨɜ

ɞɟɮɟɤɚɰɢɣ, * - ɪ < 0,05 ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɦ ɮɨɧɨɦ.

ȼ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ, ɨɫɬɚɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɡɧɚ -ɱɢɦɵɦ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɛɨɥɸɫɨɜ ɞɟɮɟɤɚɰɢɣ (ɧɚ 140,0%), ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɟ ɨ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɬɪɟɜɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ.

Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟ -ɧɢɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɞɟ-ɧɢɹ ɤɪɵɫ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶ -ɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɑɏɍ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɧɟɣɪɨɬɪɨɩɧɵɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɢɧɬɨɤɫɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɭɝɧɟɬɟɧɢɢ

ɜɫɟɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɫɩɨɧɬɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɢ ɢɯ ɛɟɡɭɫɥɨɜɧɨ-ɪɟɮɥɟɤɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ (ɪɢɫ. 1). ȼɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɬɟɦ, ɩɨɞ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ CCl4, ɧɚɱɢɧɚɹ ɫ 7 ɞɧɹ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ, ɪɟɡɤɨ ɢ ɫɬɨɣɤɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɟɬ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɠɢɜɨɬ -ɧɵɯ, ɨ ɱɟɦ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɥɢ -ɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɛɨɥɸɫɨɜ ɞɟɮɟɤɚɰɢɣ.

ȽȾȺ - ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ;Ɋ - ɧɨɪɤɨɜɵɣ ɪɟɮɥɟɤɫ;Ƚɪ - ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɪɭɦɦɢɧɝɚ;ȻȾ - ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɛɨɥɸɫɨɜ

ɞɟɮɟɤɚɰɢɣ; * - ɪ < 0,05 ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ.

Ɋɢɫ. 1. ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯɯɥɨɪɢɫɬɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ

100%

ȽȾȺ ɇɊ Ƚɪ ȻȾ

%ɢɡɦ.

- 3 ɫɭɬɤɢ; - 7 ɫɭɬɤɢ; - 14 ɫɭɬɤɢ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ;

*

(4)

ɮɨɧɨɦ,ɢɡɭɱɚɟɦɵɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɠɢɜɨɬ -ɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɜɫɟɯ ɷɬɚɩɚɯ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚ (ɬɚɛɥ. 2). ɂɫ -ɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɨɟ, ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟ

-ɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ 58,7% ɱɢɫɥɚ ɩɟɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɤɪɵɫɚɦɢ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɨɜ ɧɚ 14 ɞɟɧɶ, ɨɬɪɚɠɚɸɳɟɟ ɢɯ ɥɨɤɨ -ɦɨɬɨɪɧɭɸ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ.

Ɍ ɚ ɛ ɥ ɢ ɰ ɚ 2

ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɫɨɟɜɨɝɨ ɥɟɰɢɬɢɧɚ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɤɪɵɫ

ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɢɧɬɨɤɫɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɱɟɬɵɪɺɯɯɥɨɪɢɫɬɵɦ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɨɦ

ɉɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɋɟɪɢɢ

ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ ɋɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ

ȽȾȺ1) _ȼȾȺ Ƚɪ

(ɫɟɤ.) ɇɊ ȻȾ

Ɇ 24,4 4,7 19,1 3,7 1,2

ɂɫɯɨɞɧɵɣ ɮɨɧ

±m 3,1 0,7 4,5 0,6 0,3

Ɇ 31,3 4,3 20,7 5,6 1,1 5ɫɭɬɤɢ

±m 4,0 0,7 3,7 1,0 0,3

Ɇ 33,3 3,3 8,9* 3,2 1,1** 7ɫɭɬɤɢ

±m 5,8 0,6 2,7 0,8 0,3

Ɇ 38,7*.** 5,4** 13,4** 3,1** 1,3 14ɫɭɬɤɢ

±m 4,0 0,8 2,9 0,8 0,4

ɉ ɪ ɢ ɦ ɟ ɱ ɚ ɧ ɢ ɹ: 1) Ɉɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɦ. ɬɚɛɥ. 17;* - ɪ < 0,05 ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɦ ɮɨɧɨɦ; ** - ɪ < 0,05 ɩɪɢ ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɫ

ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɦ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɨɦ ɢɧɬɨɤɫɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɑɏɍ.

Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɷɬɢ ɫɞɜɢɝɢ ɢɦɟɥɢ ɧɚ 14 ɫɭɬɤɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ. Ʉ ɢɫɯɨɞɭ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɞ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɦ ɫɨɟɜɨɝɨ ɥɟɰɢɬɢɧɚ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨ, ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɚɦɢ ɑɏɍ, ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɥɢ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɚɹ (ɜ 2,3ɪɚɡɚ)ɢ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɚɹ (ɜ 3,6 ɪɚɡɚ) (ɬɚɛɥ. 1) ɞɜɢ -ɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ, ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɭɦɵ -ɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɣ (ɜ 2,1 ɪɚɡɚ) ɢ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɧɨɪɨɤ (ɜ 3,4 ɪɚɡɚ).ȼ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ, ɧɚ 7 ɫɭɬɤɢ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ ɟɠɟɞɧɟɜɧɨɟ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɋɅ ɧɚ 75,6% ɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɨ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɥɨ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɛɨɥɸɫɨɜ ɞɟɮɟɤɚɰɢɣ. Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɹ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɥɚɫɶ ɢ ɤ ɢɫɯɨɞɭ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɥɟɰɢɬɢɧɚ, ɱɬɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɟɫɫɚ,ɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɑɏɍ.

Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɥɟɱɟɛɧɨ-ɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɨɟɜɨɝɨ ɥɟɰɢɬɢɧɚ ɜ ɞɨɡɟ 2,5 ɝ/ɤɝ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɭɟɬ ɧɟɣɪɨɬɪɨɩɧɵɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɵ ɢɧɬɨɤɫɢɤɚɰɢɢ

ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯɯɥɨɪɢɫɬɵɦ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɨɦ, ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɢɪɭɹ ɩɨ -ɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ.

Ƚɢɫɬɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ (ɪɢɫ. 2).

(5)

ɌȿɈɊȿɌɂɑɇȺ ɆȿȾɂɐɂɇȺ

Ɋɢɫ. 2. ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɪɵɫ.Ɉɤɪɚɫɤɚ ɝɟɦɚɬɨɤɫɢɥɢɧ - ɷɨɡɢɧ,ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ 7u40

ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ, ɬɚɤɨɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɤɨɝɧɢ -ɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɐɇɋ ɫɜɹɡɚɧ ɫ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɨɫɬɚɛɢ -ɥɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ. Ʌɟ -ɰɢɬɢɧ ɤɚɤ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɉɇɀɄ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɨɦ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɀɄ. ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɮɪɚɤɰɢɢ ɉɇɀɄ ɜ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ ɥɢɩɢɞɨɜ ɦɨɡɝɚ, ɱɬɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ CCl4, ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶ ɞɨɥɸ ɩɨɥɢɧɟɧɚ -ɫɵɳɟɧɧɵɯ ɀɄ ɜ ɠɢɪɧɨɤɢɫɥɨɬɧɨɦ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɟ ɮɨɫ -ɮɨɥɢɩɢɞɨɜ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɩɨɜɵɲɚɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɮɟɪɦɟɧɬɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɢ ɧɟɮɟɪɦɟɧɬɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ȺɈɁ, ɫɨɟɜɵɣ ɥɟɰɢɬɢɧ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɨɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɚ ɡɧɚɱɢɬ ɪɚɡɪɭ-ɲɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɥɢɩɢɞɨɜ.Ɉɛɚ ɩɪɨ-ɰɟɫɫɚ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬ ɜɹɡɤɨɫɬɧɵɟ

ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧ, ɢɯ ɩɪɨɧɢɰɚɟɦɨɫɬɶ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɧɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɧɟɣɪɨɧɨɜ. Ɂɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɬɨɪɦɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɮɨɧɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜɨɡɪɨɫɲɟɣ ɷɦɨ -ɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ CCl4 ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɦ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɟɫ -ɫɚ. ɗɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ, ɜ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ, ɜɵɡɜɚɧɨ ɞɢɫɛɚɥɚɧɫɨɦ ɧɟɣɪɨɦɟɞɢɚɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɦɨɡɝɚ,ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɫɟɪɨɬɨɧɢɧ-,ɚɞɪɟɧɷɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢ -ɧɚɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ [5]. ȼɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɥɢ-ɩɢɞɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧ ɩɪɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɨɟɜɨɝɨ ɥɟɰɢɬɢɧɚ, ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ, ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɢɪɭɟɬ ɚɤ-ɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɟɪɨɬɨɧɢɧɨɜɨɣ ɧɟɣɪɨɦɟɞɢɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɧɨɪ-ɦɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɬ ɤɨɝɧɢɬɢɜɧɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɦɨɡɝɚ.

Ɋɢɫ. 3. ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɤɪɵɫ ɧɚ 14 ɞɟɧɶ ɢɧɬɨɤɫɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɑɏɍ ɩɪɢ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɫɨɟɜɨɝɨ ɥɟɰɢɬɢɧɚ.

(6)

ɛɟɥɵɦ ɤɪɵɫɚɦ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɣɪɨɬɨɤɫɢ -ɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɨɦ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɥɫɹ ɭɝɧɟ -ɬɟɧɢɟɦ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ (ɧɚ 48%-77%), ɜɪɨɠɞɺɧɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɧɫɬɢɧɤɬɚ (80,6%), ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ (ɧɚ 140%).

ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɢɪɭɟɬ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɧɭɸ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ CCl4 ɤɨɝ -ɧɢɬɢɜɧɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ, ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɹ ɩɨɞɜɢɠ -ɧɨɫɬɶ, ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɨɪɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɢɧɫɬɢɧɤɬɚ ɢ ɷɦɨ -ɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɛɟɥɵɯ ɤɪɵɫ.

ɋ

ɉ

ɂ

ɋ

Ɉ

Ʉ

Ʌ

ɂ

Ɍ

ȿ

Ɋ

Ⱥ

Ɍ

ɍ

Ɋ

ɕ

1. Ⱥɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɜ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɪɚɧɫɞɭɤɰɢɢ / Ʌ.Ȼ. Ⱦɪɨɛɨɬ, Ⱥ.Ⱥ. ɋɚɦɨɣɥɟɧɤɨ, Ⱥ.ȼ.ȼɨɪɨɬɧɢɤɨɜ [ɢ ɞɪ.] // ɍɤɪ.ɛɿɨɯɿɦ.ɠɭɪɧɚɥ. – 2013. –ʋ 6. – ɋ. 819 – 825.

2. Ȼɭɪɟɲ ə.Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɤɢ ɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɵ ɩɨ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɸ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ / ə. Ȼɭɪɟɲ,Ɉ. Ȼɭɪɟ-ɲɨɜɚ,Ⱦ.ɏɶɸɫɬɨɧ – Ɇ.:ȼɵɫɲɚɹ ɲɤɨɥɚ, 1991. – ɋ. 175 – 188, 119 – 122.

3. Ƚɚɥɤɢɧɚ Ɉ.ȼ. Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɶ -ɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɢ ɚɧɬɢɨɤɫɢɞɚɧɬɧɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɜɡɪɨɫɥɨɝɨ ɦɨɡɝɚ / Ɉ.ȼ. Ƚɚɥɤɢɧɚ // ɇɟɣɪɨɯɢɦɢɹ. – 2013. – Ɍ. 30, ʋ 2. – ɋ. 93-98.

4. Ʉɨɤɭɧɢɧ ȼ.Ⱥ. ɋɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɞɚɧ-ɧɵɯ ɩɪɢ ɦɚɥɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɨɩɵɬɨɜ / ȼ.Ⱥ.Ʉɨɤɭɧɢɧ // ɍɤɪ. ɛɢɨɯɢɦ.ɠɭɪɧɚɥ. – 1975. – Ɍ. 47, ʋ 6. – ɋ. 776 – 791.

5. Ʉɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɫɟɪɨɬɨɧɢɧɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɦɟɬɚɛɨɥɢɬɚ 5-ɝɢɞɪɨɤɫɢɢɧɞɨɥɭɤɫɭɫɧɨɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɜ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɯ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɤɪɵɫ ɥɢɧɢɢ ȼɢɫɬɚɪ ɢ Way/Rij, ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɢɦɢɩɪɚɦɢɧɚ ɧɚ ɩɢɤ-ɜɨɥɧɨɜɭɸ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ / ɂ.ɋ. Ɇɢɞɡɹɧɨɜɫɤɚɹ , Ⱥ.Ⱥ.Ɏɨɥɨɦɤɢɧɚ, Ɉ.ɏ.Ʉɨɲɬɨɹɧɰ [ɢ ɞɪ.]. // ɇɟɣɪɨɯɢ -ɦɢɹ. – 2010. – Ɍ. 27, ʋ 3. – ɋ. 238 – 244.

6. Ʌɟɰɢɬɢɧ,ɹɤ ɮɚɤɬɨɪ ɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɧɹ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɿʀ ɬɜɚ-ɪɢɧɧɢɰɬɜɚ / ȼ.ȼ. Ɇɢɤɢɬɸɤ, ȱ.ɋ. Ƚɥɭɯ, ɋ.Ɇ.ɒɭɥɶɝɚ [ɬɚ ɿɧ.]. – Ʉ.:Ɉɫɜɿɬɚ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ, 2010. – 114 ɫ.

7. ɉɪɢɜɪɨɰɤɚɹ ɂ.Ȼ.Ɉɤɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɬɪɟɫɫ ɜ ɥɟɣ-ɤɨɰɢɬɚɯ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɩɪɨ/ɚɧɬɢɨɤɫɢɞɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɫɬɚɬɭɫ ɢ ɠɢɪɧɨɤɢɫɥɨɬɧɵɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɥɢɩɢɞɨɜ ɩɨɞɠɟɥɭɞɨɱɧɨɣ ɠɟ-ɥɟɡɵ ɩɪɢ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɨɫɬɪɨɦ ɩɚɧɤɪɟɚɬɢɬɟ ɭ ɤɪɵɫ / ɂ.Ȼ.ɉɪɢɜɪɨɰɤɚɹ, Ɍ.Ɇ.Ʉɭɱɦɟɪɨɜɫɤɚɹ // ɍɤɪ. ɛɿɨɯɿɦ.ɠɭɪɧɚɥ. – 2013. – ʋ5. – ɋ. 711 – 718.

8. ɋɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɮɢɥɨɝɟɧɟɡɟ ɥɢɩɨɩɪɨɬɟɢɧɨɜ ɧɢɡ-ɤɨɣ ɢ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɧɢɡɧɢɡ-ɤɨɣ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɢɧɫɭɥɢɧɚ.Ʌɢɩɨɬɨɤ -ɫɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɠɢɪɧɵɯ ɤɢɫɥɨɬ ɢ ɥɢɩɢɞɨɜ. ɉɨɡɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɢɡɨɦɟɪɵ ɬɪɢɝɥɢɰɟɪɢɞɨɜ / ȼ.ɇ.Ɍɢɬɨɜ, ɂ.Ⱥ.ȼɨɫɬɪɨɜ, ɘ.Ʉ.ɒɢɪɹɟɜɚ [ɢ ɞɪ.] // ɍɫɩɟɯɢ ɫɨɜɪɟɦ. ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɢ. – 2012. – Ɍ. 32, ʋ 5. – ɋ. 506-526.

9. ɍɤɨɥɨɜɚ Ɍ.ɇ.ɉɨɫɬɭɪɚɥɶɧɨ-ɦɨɬɨɪɧɵɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɧɨɚɦɢɧɨɜ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɭ ɤɪɵɫ ɤɚɬɚɬɨ-ɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɜ ɪɚɧɧɟɦ ɨɧɬɨɝɟɧɟɡɟ / Ɍ.ɇ.ɍɤɨɥɨɜɚ, Ɍ.Ⱥ.Ⱥɥɺɯɢɧɚ,ɂ.Ɉ.Ɇɟɲɤɨɜ // ɇɟɣɪɨɯɢɦɢɹ. – 2012. – Ɍ. 29, ʋ 2. – ɋ. 128-133.

10. Almedia P.F.F. Thermodynamics of lipid inter-action in complex bilayers / P.F.F. Almedia // Biohim. Biophys.Acta. – 2009. – Vol. 1788. – P. 72-85.

11. Simons K. Membrane organization and lipid rafts / K. Simons, J.L. Sampaio // Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol. 3 – 2011. – a004697

R

E

F

E

R

E

N

C

E

S

1. Drobot LB, Samojlenko AA, Vorotnikov AV. [Reactive oxygen species in signal transduction]. 2013;6:819-25. Russian.

2. Buresh Ya. [Techniques and basic experiments to study the brain and behavior]. 1991;399. Russian.

3. Galkina OV. [Features of free radical processes and antioxidant protection of the adult brain] Neuro-chemistry. 2013;30(2):93-98. Russian.

4. Kokunin VA. [Statistical data processing with a small number of experiments]. Ukrainian Biochemical Journal. 1975;47(6): 776-91. Russian.

5. Midzjanovskaja IS, Folomkina AA, Kosh-tojanc OH. [The concentration of serotonin and its meta-bolite 5-HIAA in brain structures of Wistar rats and Way / Rij, impact of impiramin on peak-wave activity] Neuro-chemistry. 2010;27(3):238-44. Russian.

6. Mikitjuk VV, Gluh ȱS, Shul'ga SM. [Lecithin as a factor in obtaining animal products]. 2010;114. Ukrainian.

7. Privrockaja IB, Kuchmerovskaja TM. [Oxidative stress in blood leukocytes pro / antioxidative status and fatty acid composition of lipids of the pancreas in expe-rimental acute pancreatitis in rats]. Ukrainian Biochemi-cal Journal. 2013;5:711-18. Russian.

8. Titov VN, Vostrov IA, Shirjaeva JuK. [Coming-to-be in phylogeny of lipoproteins of low and very low density and insulin. Lipotoxicity of fatty acids and lipids. Positional isomers of triglycerides]. The successes of modern biology. 2012;32(5):506-26. Russian.

9. Ukolova TN, Aljohina TA, Meshkov IO. [Postu-ral-motor reactions and distribution of brain monoamines in rats of Catatonic line in early ontogenesis] Neuro-chemistry. 2012;29(2):128-33. Russian.

10. Almedia PFF. Thermodynamics of lipid interaction in complex bilayers. Biohim Biophes.Acta. 2009;1788:72-85.

11. Simons K. Membrane organization and lipid rafts. Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol. 3 2011. – a004697.