! "
# $
%
$
&
'(% &
! "
# $
%
$
&
'(% &
Lista de abreviaturas
! "
# $%& $ ' % & ()
$** $ # * )# * (
$ *+* $ ) ' + ,
$- $
$*" $ *' # " ) ( )
$ $ #
$ *$ *#( (
* *. #(
/$ / ( $
/ 0 $ # / # . *#(
/ +* / # + 1 *#(
/2 & / 2 # ( & #
% % 3 ( # (
"* ( 4 *#(
* *'( # )
5 5 6# )
& * " 7 & # ) " 7
*/ *#( / # 8
0* 0 * 7
0 $ 0 $ 68
0 0 (
:
#
-& & #
-& & # )
"
0* 0 *#( )
0* *$ # 0 *#( )
0* # 0 *#( ( )
$* 3 ) $ * (
$&* 1 ( $ ( & # * )#
$ 8 8
1 9 8
*& # * ( & #
$
"* . "; *#(
$ # ( $
$ # ( $
* # ( * #
$ # ( $ 7 #
< = ( $
< "* # 4 " 1 * #
5$ 5 $ # , (
< &*
$ 8 # $ #
!* ! * (
!" 7 ! " 7
!0 0 + & # 0
!02 ! 0 2 3
! !
?
Resumo
0 # $ # # # ( ( # #
8 7 # , ( # 0 . (
( 3 ( # ( ( 6
8 7 # ( $ @ 8 ( # #
( ;# ( 7 ( # (
0 ' ( #(6 8 (
8 ( 6 , $ 4 1
8 # 8 , (
(
*# # #3 # # ( 6 8
7 # # . # 8 6
8 # * 8 #( 7 $ ( #
1 ( , 0 (
8 . 8 # #6 # #( '
, # ( #(
#( 7 # ( ( & # 1
#3;# ' 8 7 ( ,
@ ( 3 # # # 1 ( 6
8 7 # 3 ( ( (
# ( 4 ( #
# #3 # 8 , 4 8 # $
"A B & B B !%&'!%(
$ , ( 6 , 8
C
Abstract
( 88 3 # ( ( # 7 # 8 # D E 8
F $ 7 ( E 7 ( 3 ( 3
( D E 8 ( 88 (( ( 3 7 7
E D E ( F 7
E 8 7 ( 8 8 F (
7 (# 8 ( 88 #( 3 7 E ' #
7 8 E 7 (
3 7 7 D E 8 ( F
7 7 E 7 88 7 8 # 8 7 E
#( 3F E 1 8 F (( 3F ( 88 8 #
0 7 ( 7 8 # 8 7 7
# . # 7 G ( 8 # 7 3 E 7 ( 8 ((
( 7 (( F ( 3F 7 2 D E 7 7
( # E3 D E7 7 # 8 7 F
(( E 7 7 2 3 7 # 7
F ( 88 8 (( (
' # 8 3 # ( 88 8 #
"A B & B B !%&'!%()
! F ( 88 F ( D E 8 <-&
H
Índice
! "
# $
% &
% ' ()
% * (+
#* (,
- ("
#!. - / 012#3!#4 0.5 . 6!-75 (8
( # 9 : '
(;
A A & # 8 ( 4 7 #
# # AI
A 8 9 # 3 7 # J
A A # A
A
A ) :
A 8 7 # ; # 1 C
A A $ C
A " # K
A * ( J
$
+ # < ' =
> ,
A & 8 ( :
K
A $ 3 )# K
' 3 # I
!# ( 7 ; #( :A
: / 8 :
( $ # #3 , :H
A * ( :K
#( :I
( ?A
: ( ( 8 ( 6 ,
$ ?
$ ?C
#!. -- / -0? .-@#AB5 4 %!-7# "&
5 C * "8
A 3@ ?K
" ?I
, . = < * $+
: A & ( # 4 # L ( C
: " ( 3 ( ( # # C:
: A 4 C:
: 4 1 ( ( ( CC
: " ( # ( ( 88 CH
: # ( CK
: A < ! CI
: # HJ
: $ #( ( 88 HA
I
" D = <
< * &,
? A ! 0 2 3 H:
? A A ( H:
? A 6 ( , 8 7 # H?
? A #( 7 # ( ( 88 HH
? ! " 7 K?
? A ( K?
? 6 8 7 # KC
? #( 7 # ( ( 88 KI
$ IH
$ E 2 0
4 ;;
C A $ # # !02 II
C A A $ 1 ( ( ( 88 AJJ
C A < . ; AJ:
C $ # # !" 7 A J
C A $ 1 ( ( ( 88 A J
C < . ; A :
C & , #( A K
$ A::
7 F (,$
G * ("(
AJ
Índice de quadros
1 ( & # 9 7 # MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM M MM H
1 + 8 7 # , (
( MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM K
1 $ $ # ( 3 # JJ # ( 6
$&* MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMMMM :J
1 , #( ( $
MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMM MM:I
1 " ( 6 , 8 , 4
$ MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM M MMM ??
1 $ ( 68 !02MMMMMMMMMM MMMMMM MH?
1 & # ( 6 8 7 #
!02MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMMMMMMMMM HC
1 8 # $N!02MMMMMMMM MMMMMMMMMMM HK
1 ; ( # " . M MM KJ
1 () !02 8 MM MMMMMMMMMMMMMM K
1 (( !02 8 MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MK
1 (+ !02 8 MMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MM K:
1 ( ( 68 ! " 7 MMMMM MM KC
1 (, # ( 6 8 7 #
!" 7 MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMMMKH
1 (" !" 7 8 MMMMMMMMMM MMMMM I
1 ($ !" 7 8 MMMMMMMMMMMM MMM I?
1 (& !" 7 8 MMMMMMMMMMM MMMM IC
1 (8 0 # #; $ !02 ( #( MM AJJ
1 (; ( 8 ( # 4 $
!02MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MAJH
1 +) + # #( $ !02 . AO
AA
1 +( + # ) $ !02 . AO
# JJCMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM AJK
1 ++ *'( #( ( )' # ? MMMMM MMM AJI
1 + L ( $ # 9 3 1 8 #
MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM M AA
1 +, < 8 1 ( $ MMMMMMMM MM MAA
1 +" 0 ( ( $ !02M MMMMMM M MAA:
1 +$ 0 ( ( $ !02 #
( 3 1 ( , MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM M AA?
1 +& ' 1 ( $ M MMAAH
1 +8 0 # #; $ !" 7 (
#( MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMA A
1 +; ( 8 ( # $ !" 7 4
#( MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMMMMMMMMA C
1 ) + # #( $ !" 7 AO #
JJCMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM A K
1 ( + # ) $ !" 7 AO #
JJCMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MM A I
1 + *'( #( ( )' # ? MMMM MMMM A I
1 ( $ # 9 3 1 8 #
MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM A A
1 , / # 1 ( $ MMMMMMMMMMM MM A
1 " & 8 ( ( $ MM MMMMM A
1 $ $ #( ( ( $ !02
# 3 ( 3 1 8 # ( , MMMMMMMMM A ?
A
Índice de figuras
E * ( & # 9 # MMMMMMMM M
E * + / ( $ MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMMMMMM :K
E * 8 ( 6 , 8 7 #
$ MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MM MM M?:
E * , & 3 ( ( 9 # ( @ -& # #( (
, ( MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMCI
E * " ( ( #
, MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMM M HJ
E * $ * # # #( MMMMMMM MH
E * & * P !02MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM H:
E * 8 * P ! " 7 MMMMMMMMMMM M MMMM K?
E * ; * " 7 Q JJ JJHRMMMM MMM MMMMMM IJ
E * () * " 7 Q JJ JJHRMM MM MM IA
E * (( $ $ !02 ( #( MMMMMMMMMMM MAJJ
E * (+ $ !02 ( , MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM AJA
E * ( $ !02 ( ( 9 4 #MMMMMMM M AJ
E * (, ( ( # $ !02MMMMMMMMMMMMMMM AJ
E * (" ( () $ !02MMMMM AJ
E * ($ $ #( ( ( # # #
#( MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM AJ?
E * (& $ #( ( ( # # # ,
MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMMMMMMMMMMMMM MM AJ?
E * (8 $ #( ( ( # # # 4
MMMMMM MMMMMMM MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMM AJC
E * (; 5 8 9 ( # 4 #( MMM MMMM AJH
E * +) % # ( 4 M MMMMMM AJK
E * +( ( 9 $ 4 !02 # JJCMMMMMMMMMM MM MAAJ
E * ++ 8 ( ) !02MMMMM MMMMM AJI
A
E * +, $ $ !" 7 ( MMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMM A J
E * +" $ !" 7 ( , MMMMMMMMMMMMMMM M A A
E * +$ $ ( ( 4 !" 7 MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM M A
E * +& ( ( # # S $ !" 7 MMM MMM A
E * +8 ( () $
!" 7 MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM A
E * +; $ #( ( ( # $ !" 7 # #
#( MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM M A :
E * ) $ #( ( ( # $ !" 7 # #
, MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MM A :
E * ( $ #( ( ( # $ # # 4
!" 7 MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMM A ?
E * + 5 8 9 ( # $ !" 7 4
#( MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMM A H
E * % # ( 4 MMM MMMM A I
E * , ( 9 $ 4 !" 7 # JJCMMMMMMMMM MMMMM A J
A:
Agradecimentos
* # 3 7 . #
( ( 9 4 . . # (
# L
# 8 & " " % 7 Q *% ! 2R & "
/ Q 0* R ( ( 3 3 ,8 9 # (
( 3 ( # 6# # ( # 6 B
8 & 2 6 2 3 Q . $ 7 #
" . $ R * 3 Q! 0 2 3
$R 4 * # # Q " 7 R * + , $ Q 8
R ( 8 # ( ( B
#( $ , . 3 # # (
# ( . , T 8 # 8 # 9
# . ( 6 3@ B
U # " . $ . # ( # 8 ' 3
#( # # 7 ( 3 ( 8 1
3 7 ( @ # #
B
U " % 4 & $7 4 $ % # #; < 4 *
% ( @ ( 7 8 #
# ' B
U # 7 # " . ( ;# # # #(
( # 8 (6 @ #( 7 # B
U # 7 8 #6 6 # . ( 6 7 3
A?
Introdução
0 # ; == 8 # 8 # '
# 3 8 ( # )# # .
4 Q* 1D E 1 2 F 88 JJJR *# . 9
# @ #( 7 # ( ( # 8
7 # # ( ( 1 # Q 1 / # JJCR
$ , @ V *
+ ,- W
Q F JJ L ?CRA 7 # . # # 8
7 # ( ( 3 ( # )# *#
# ( # #
# 3 1 ( # Q( ' #( ! * ( R
Q R T Q( ' #( . R # #
( # # ( # $ Q" JJ R
0 1 # # # 3 #
( 6 Q $&* AIIIR # 8 . 8 #
# $ ;# 0 3
# ) 9 4 9 #
( # 8 #3
( 6 # #( ( )( 6
( @ #( *# ( 8 # 1
#3 , 8 # ( # 8 #
8 ( ;# 1
( 68 ( 6 ( 6 8
7 # ( $ Q" F JJ:R
0 ( '( # 7 #
# 7 ; # #
3 # 3 8 ( # #
( ( ( # # ( ) ( #
8 # # #( # Q< 8
JJ?R * #3;# # 8 # 8
7 # ;# ( #
" ( 9 ( 6 . # (
( # 8 7 # # ( $ 3 #
# # # ( 7 # #
AC
3 , 3 ( # $
;# Q( ' #( X . / JJAB / JJA / JJHB
2 @ / AIIKR # # #3;#
3 # ; Q JJ B JJ R # 6 8
( 6 $ ( # # ( '(
# @, # $ # #3 , ,
( 8 # 1 ;# # ( 6 #
4 8 7 # $ (
8 # #( 7 #( 8 9 # .
# 7 # #(
0 . #( 3 ) #
7 # # ( . 7 # ( 6
A , ( ( 8
( 8 # # 3 ( ( #( L .
( 7 # , ( , 8 ( (
( ( 6 ( , 6 3 # #
8 ( ( ( 6 ( 3 # #
8 ( )( # . 63 ( 6 ,
0 , @ 8 # 1 # ( 6
( # 8 7 # # 8 . (
$ . 8 ( $ . ( 6
4 3 ( # 8 # ,
( # 3 ! 0 2 3 " 7
* 8 # #3 # AIH # ( 1 9 ( #
Q $* JJ?R # ( # ( 1 8
7 # # ( ( $
0 . . 9 . # L
A 5 ; ( 6 ( , , 8 7 #
# ( ( $ 8 # (
#( Y
5 ; ( 6 ( , 8 7 # # (
( $ 1 ! " 7 ! 0
2 3 Y
A # ) ( JAJ . ( #( # #
# ( ( # #( #; #( #
AH
8 7 # ( $ # 1
8 # # #( Y
: 8 , . 4 (
$ Y
#( 3@ # , # (6 L
( # # . # )
. 8 # #(6
( # (6 3 8 7 # , #
( ( # 1 ( 8 (
. ( ( 8 # . # #
# ( # . ' ; . ( # $
# # . # 1
(6 #( $ , ( # 6
#(6 3 # '( (
4 ( 1 ( 8
# # # ( $ ( @ 8 #
# 3 # # ( , # . ( , (
#( 3@ & # , . ( 6 ,
# 8 , 4 4 ( $ *# # P
, # # ( , 8 ( 6 ( ,
, $ . ( 1
0 (6 . #(6 '(9 # # 7
3@ # . 7 3@
0 . (6 ( # 8 7 #
$ , # 0 P#3 ( #
( 3 ( . 8 # 8
7 # $ 3 # #
. (6 8 ( 6 ! " 7 ! 0
2 3 # # 8 7 # # ( $
8 3@ . 1 #
# ' (6 ( # . ; ( $
# 8 ( 6 8
7 # ( ( 9 3
#( 3 3 .
AK
#!.
AI
1. A valorização económica do conhecimento enquanto
terceira missão das universidades
#( P $ , . # # 8
7 # ( # ( ; #(
8 9 ; # & # (6 8
3 # # ( 8 . 1 )#
7 # ; # 1 0 ( A A 3 , 9
7 # # )#
# ; == ( # # #( 8 9 ,
0 ( A 8 , 3 # 8 # ( A
8 7 # , ; # 1 8
# # (
1.1. Da ciência como factor produtivo à centralidade do
conhecimento nas economias modernas
# ( 68 ( ( ( 3
. # # 8
'( # 9 3 # Q$ JJ R ;# (
% " ' , # #
( 8 # ( #
8 # 3 3, 8 1 # # # #
* ( # 8 ( ) #
# )# ( 6 # ( # 3 4 -& # ( (
1 # #( 1 # (
# 8 # . , )# ; KJ
( # # . 3 6 # ( (
#( # Q . 9 ( Q R
# 3 ) # .
7 # 68 ) )#
#( ' 9 0 # '
3 1 # 8 ( #(
#( # )# ( # #
J
*# # P 8 7 # # ;
# 9 8 #, # 8 # Q *$&
AIICR & # '( 8 # (
6 8 # 1 # #
)# 8 6
Z / 0 8 #
( 7 # # ( 8 #(
# # ( Q 68 R # Q
8 # R Q 1 8 # # R
'( 7 # Q R # # # ( #
Q$ # * ( JJ R (
1 7 # #( #
; 1 # # # 8 1
8 * ( 9 ( 7 #
( # # # Q *$& AIICR
1.2. As novas funções das universidades na economia baseada no
conhecimento
* ( "; # #
; # 3 8 V
,-, 12. $ +
,-3 # ,- W Q$ AIIKL AR
0 ( ; = = 9 8 # 8 # # @
# 3 ' < ( #
;# 3 # (
Q JJJR * () % " ( ( (
( ( ) 68 # (
( 8 # ( ( )# . #
. # # # #
( HJ )# # #
8 # ( 3 # ( ( #
# # # # #( #
#( . # 4 ( 8 (
8 # # #( P 7 #
# # 8 #( P )# 9 ( , (
A
# #( # # ( 7 # , (
3 , 4
( 7 # ( #
7 # )# ( # # @
' A ( ( ,
;# ( # 7 # Q ;
R 8 # 7 # 1 8
@ # ( )# Q *$& AIICR *# # P
# # 3 # ( 8
8 # * # # 8 # #
( ( ( Q( A AR
#( 9 6 8 9 Q( A R 3 . #
#( 7 Q( A R
1.2.1. A terceira missão
8 # ; #
# 3, 6 3 #
*# ( # ( # 9 Q 8 7 #
8 R ( 8 ( # # #
# ( ' #
3 86 )#
$&* QAIICR ! * ( Q* ( $ ## JJHR 1 #
Z 4 0 7 . , 6
# )# # # #
#( ( , ! " Q JJHR 1 Z 4
0 . 8 # V 4 / 5
# ,- + 6
# ,- W 0 ;# ( 1 Z 4
0. < Q ( 1 # JJJR 8 # V 7
7+ 8 # W
A !# ) $&* AIKH Q AIIHR 3 6 AJ 8 9 4 L ()
, ( ( # 3 . 8 8 # ( 1
8 # #( # ( #( 6 ;
1 # 3 ( 8 #6 ( , ( 4
# 3 ( ( 6 ( ( ( ( (;
. 8 ( ( ) ( # '
( # ' # ( A
*# #3;# 7, . 4 3 # L
Q* 1D E 1 2 F 8 JJJB " E F #( JJ?B * ( $ ##
JJCR ( # # ( ( # )# # .
# # # 8 7 # ( #
3 ( #( #(
#( Q( ' #( *$& AIICB !/ JJCR
1 # # 8 # 3 # # 3 # #(
( # #
1 3 # ( #
8 7 # ( # ( ; #
# ;# Q ( 3 R #
( ( ( 1 3@ ( 3 *
# # # # )# 1 ;
# # Q/ AR
E * (
3 F
E !/ JJCL A A
A0 3@ . # . # # 1 4
1 Z 4 0 & 8 . $ ( #
8 # . ( # ( 3 .
Z 4 [ ( 8 ( 8
# )# 8 4 8 7 # ( (
. # 3 # ( 6 ( 3
# Q *!L JJCR 1
( 3 # # # 1 # A Q #
# #( R # Q( ' #(
# 3 ( 3 9 68 R
& ( 6 1 9 # # 1 #
( # # )# ( (
# 1 7 # * 6# ( # # ' # 1
3 ( # )# ( ( (
# ( 8 8 ( 3 # #
#
!# # # ; 3 ;9 ( # AIKJ ( 8
# . ( # . ( 3 @ # (
( # # 1 *#3 ' 3
8 4 '(
# Q 7 JJ:L A KR ! * ( #3;# # #
8 # ) ;
# 5 -&
0 , # # 7 ( # #
)# ( # ( # #
8 9 ( ( ;# #
#( * ! ( 6 # # 6
# ; Q *$& JJ JJ R
1.2.2. O ensino e a investigação
# 7 # ) Q JJJR # @ 8 #
( 8 9
# ( 8 ) '
8 # # ( 1 # , #6 #(
# # # , ( P#3
3 8 ( 7 # #( 8
A* 3@ 7 ( A
' ( # @ #
:
# # Q$ ) AIIKR ( # #
#( Q\ 3 JJ R
#3;# # 7 9 # #
# #3 ( 68 # 8
7 ) # #; # , ( 3 7 #
( 3 ; ( 3 9 % 33 QAIIIR
7 # # # # ( 1 (
( , , ( #
8 # 8 1 #3 # 3 1
#( ( 3 # 68 # # '
# ( Q* ( $ ## JJCR # # #
# #( P# , #
@ # ' ( # 3@ ( ,
3 7 #( Q* 1D E 1 AIIKB * 1D E 1 JJ R
1.2.3. Prós e contras
# # ( #( 7
# # # 3 4
8 . ; ( 1
# 1 . ( # (
# ( 6( 3, # L ( ' #(
( (
;# 3 #; 68 Q% 7 JJCR
*# ( # # * 1D E 1 2 F 88 Q JJJR * 1D E 1 ) Q JJJR
# # . # ( 3 8 8
8 # , 3 ( # #
* #( 6 #
( # # #( # , Q( ' #( 8 3 9 #
( ( 3, R * # #3;# (
! * ( Q* ( $ ## JJC JJHR . # @ #
( ( # # ( #(
;# Q E # 7 JJ?B 2 3 D JJAB $ JJ?B
AIIHR # # # ( ( 9 # 9 8
. ( # P#3 # ; 8
( 68 #
( 3 6 ( ' #( ( ( ( &
?
( ( #( 8 ( 9
( 1 8 ( 6 # 8 3
Q$ JJ RA 6 . 63 , 8 9
, ( , ( # ( # #3;#
8 L ( # , ( # # ( ( (
1 4 1 # # 6 (
( # 8 ( . #
# # '( , Q AIIHR
!# ( ( ( # ( 3 # 1
( @ 3 # 68 (
# # # ( # (
Q( ' #( ( R ( 68 # #
# ( 3 9 Q% 7 JJCR
* 8 ( ( 9 3 #( # #
# 8 ( ( 3 ( # .
# 3 ( 9
# # ;# Q* 1D E 1 AIIKB * 1D E 1 ) JJJB 0 1 )+ JJ R
# . 3 , 1 #
. ( # 7 # ( 1 8 1 1
# 8 7 # Q0 JJ
" 7 JJ:R
( ( 7 # ( #3;#
( # . ( ; 8 ( 8 ( 3
!# ( # 7 # 8 . 1 ( 3 7 #
; #( 6 # @, . #(
' 3 @ ( 3 # 8 #
( 3 Q& JJJB & ( & AII:R #
( ( #3;# ; # ( @ ( # # #(
# 68 3 # ( #
( ( 3
A 3 0 ! $ 8) D F (
0 ? # 79 ) & ( # " 3 # ( 7
( ( # AT 3 ( . #
# 0 # ? # ; ( #
3 8 # ( #
8 # # # 3 3
C
!# ( . # ( (
# ( # # '( ( # 1
# . . Q> JJHRA * ( '
* L #3 3 68 ( @ '
3 ' ( ( ( ( ( ; ( # # 19
( ) )# ( ( # 3 ' (
#( # 8 Q* ( $ ## JJ 3R
8 # # ( 3 6# 4 # ; ( 6
( 3 * ! # # P#3
( ( 6 ( \ ( # #
( #( # # # ' (
' #( 3 # 9 # " ! 8 0
# # . . . ; ( #
# ( 8
8 ' 3@ . 4 ( ' # .
Q$ F ) JJ?R #( # # . # ( ,
# ( 6 ( ( , )#
#( , Q" E F #( JJ?R
1.3. A transferência de conhecimento através da comercialização
0 # ; 8 7 # ; # 1 #
# ( 6 . # # #
( 3 ( # )# 8
8 8 # , 0 8 # 8 #(9
8 # ( 8 3 # . ; # 1 #
8 #( ;# 0 P#3 3
( ( . 8 # 8 # 8
7 # Q( A A R ( ( # # Q( A R
( . # ( ( Q( A R
1.3.1. Condicionantes
#( 7 8 1 8 7 # (
;# , @ 4 8 8 # . ( 1
7 # . ; 3@ 8 6
@ (
H
7 # ( 8 # # 9 L
8 ( ( Q5 AR
1 (
3 F
* / * 0
* )% 1
2(3!
! " # $ #
% & ' (
) "
* )% 1
2% #
# ) *
+, - -.
E * ( $ ## AIII " 7 JJ:
, ( # , 8 # #3 #3
7 # 8 ; # 6 Q(
' #( ( 3 9 ) # ( # #( R ( 8 #
8 3 6 1 ( ( ( 3
3 4 # # ( (
7 # , ; #( # ( 6 1 9
;# Q( ' #( '( R . ; 8 #
8 6 ( Q F ) JJ R
2 E Q JJCR 6 7 # , 4 8
# 8 ( ( 8 # #
)# # # 8 ( #
#( # 8 ( #
( #( # ( ( 7 # #
8 . #( ( # ( 8 ( , '
# ( # ( 7 # , . ;#
1 7 # 8 3@
( # ' . 8 @
#( 7 ( # ( 8 # 68 #
( , Q/ JJ?R " # . 7 # , 8
; , 8 # #( , ( ( ( . @
6 # ' # 7 # #
6 * / . #( ' 1
, #( # , ( ( ; 4 8 (
1 Q] D JJ B & ( & AII:R
& # 2 F )Q JJ R #3;# 8 ( ( (
K
# 8 8 # ( ( ( 1 3 (
( 3 # ( #( ' ,
;# , . # 0 # ' #
Q 8 ( 1 ( # 1 3 ( #
7 # R 8 ) 8 ' # 9 8 .
1
( 1 ( 8
4 ( #3;# # Q 1 # JJJR & #
" # )Q JJCR ( 8 7 # (
( 8 # 8 8 8 # 9 ( (
L , 3 8 7 #
#( T #( ( Q5 R
1 +
# = > < <
% $4 # 5 6 2% 0% # 5 6 ) 0% % 2 #
/
* 0 $ 0 " # (
* %
$1 *
*
* )
2 $1 & $1 $1 * 1 3
$1 * $1
4
5 6
5
& $1 * $1 7 8 6
E " # ) JJCL :?
1.3.2. Mecanismos
0 8 # # #( # 1 9
# #( ( Q 1 / # JJCR ( ( # # L R
( 3R # R #( 3
;# Q 7 JJCR
I 7 <
0 # ; 8 # ( ;# ;
( 7 8 Q+ 2 JJCR *
# ( # # 8 # ( 1 7 #
# @ # 8 # ( @ ( (
@ # 1 8
I
# ( 6 3 # 8 #
( 8 , #( Q 3 F 8 * ( ! FL JJCR
$ # 8 . ( 3 1 9 ( #
( 9 #( (
@ 8 # ;# # ( ^ ! * ( . #
( P#3 ( 6 68 ) L HO
# 5 -& ( # ! 4 # 3 8 #
( ( 8 # # #3
# B ( # ) ; 8 # @
' ( # ( # # # 8 #
( #( "*A
I
# ; # # # 1 1 (
7 # ( ( # ( ( Q( ' #(
( R . ( # # 1 ( (
# # (
0 # # # 1 1 #
( ( ( # 3 # ( #
3 # ( # 3 . * # # #
( # 4 ( 1 ( 3 . ( #
# #( # # ( 6 #( #
. 9 # Q2 D )+ JJ R
( ( # , @ # L 1
7 # ( #( ( # # . @ 8 6
# B ( ( # ( 1 (
; # # Q2 D )+ JJ R
I 7 < J +
#( 3 ;# # # # $ $
$ 8 # 8 # 3 1 9 ( 6
( # 68 . '( # 7 #
Q F JJ R
A7 (LTT ( T8(HT7 # N 7 # # : JK JJH
J
# 1 7 # ( #( 7 #
8 , 8 , # # ( #
. 8 # . #
# #( ( , 8 .
# 1 ( 8 9 Q 7 )+ JJAR
(9 # # # # 8 8 7 #
9 # 8 . # , 7 # ;
8 )# Q/ 1 2 JJCB DD
)+ JJCB *$& JJ R
1.3.3. Estruturas de apoio
# # # 8
7 # # #( 7 ( . ( #
8 # 7 # # # L R 1 9
8 3R ( . R 3
#( ( # # ( # 8
( ( ( ( 8 #
8 # ( ( ( . 3
# # 8 # ( 8 # # )
# 1 )# 8
I 5 * 9 F . = . *
# # (
# , ( 4 8 7 # . # # 8
9 L ! 1 !R : 7 ! Q_ R ;
! Q2 R ! Q R
( # # 9 ( . / 1 Q JJ:R
3 # # ! # ,< 4 Q R #
# # 3@ ( # V 4
/ ,< + ,< + / + ,< +
= ,- 5 / ,- >
1* ( $ ## JJHR
8 9 # # 8 ( 4
( ( ( # D )
9 ( ( 3
# & # / 1 Q JJ:R #( 7 # # ( (
A
8 # #; ; 86 ( # ( 3 #
7 # ( ( 8 #( ' 3
& 8 ;# # #( ( 1 8
( # # 7 # 4 8 '(
#( Q0 1 ) JJ R & ( (
( # # 1 # # 8
7 # ( # # # @ #
, ( #( , ( 8 7 #
( 8 # #; 1 '(
#( # (
I ' 7 = . *
*# 8 KJ 8 # # # ( 3 ( #
( . 3 #
# #( 3 # 7 # Q 7 ) JJ?R
& # Q JJHRA # . $- # ( # ( #
# )# #( 9
8 . . @ 3 #(
( ( ( . $- 1 ( #
7 # 1 8 . #
( ( 3 ( # ( 3@ #
) ( , # # #
#( # ( ( . (
1 ; Q ( . # R ( .
( ; , Q( ' #( ( . R * ' #
# # # # ( . 8 Q+ AIIIR
$ . $- , 8 8
8 7 # # ( #
( # #( 3 )
3 ( # )# Q2 D JJ?R 1 9
#( 3 ) #3;# # (
8 # 4 # ( )
7 # 8 # 3 . 8 8 . ( #
) '
I - <
!# 3 #( ; # 1 . ( 3 1 # #3 8 ,
#( # 8
. # #( 3@ ; # ' # 1 ' #
$ ( 4 # 7 . $- #3;#
# 7 #( P # ( # #
) Q% # % JJ?R
@ 8 ( 3 3 ' # 8 7
# ( #( # 8 . 8 ( 7 #
# ( #( # 0 ' 3 #
@ $ ( # 8 # @
( 8 # () ( 6 3 #(
# ( 8
& # ] E 1 % # Q JJCR 3 # 8 ( #
. L 86 Q ( 8 R
# ( Q ( # ( R
( ( # #(
' 4 3 Q( ' #( R
/ 3 , #
#( 3 ) ( #
;# 8 #( #
9 ;# 3 8 # # 8 ( # # ( 6 (
# Q% # % JJ?R #(6
# # . # ( (
#( 3 ;# . # #3 ( ' #( .
Conclusão
#( P $ , . # #
8 7 # . #( # # (
( 1 4 #( P 7 #
# )#
* # 8 7 # ( #
; # # ;# * 8
( 4 9 ( 3 3 ( # )#
( ( # 8 ( 8 #
. # # # 8
0 3 3@ 3 # 3 ( 3@
( 3 # ( # 8 )# # 3 1 # #
# 1 7 # . ( )(
# P#3 # < 7 .
# , 4 8 8 ;#
#( 4 ( 8 3 & #
1 8 # # # 1 8 #( 7 (
( @ 8 ( # 3 1
#( . # #,' # 8 , ( 8
7 #
( )' # (6 $ , ( #
# # # 8 7 # 8 . 8 #
8 , ( 6 ( , . ( # (
:
2. As empresas
spin-off
enquanto mecanismo de
transferência de conhecimento universitário
* (6 $ , . # # 8
7 # 8 # 8 ( 6 ( , , # . 4
( 1 3 86 1 & # ( #
# ( , . 3 #(6
#( 3@ ( A # ( 8 9
( #( $ ( 8 1 &
( 1 #(6 3 3
3 )# ' #( 7 8 .
# 0 ( ( ,
( # 1 ( $ ( ( 8
( . 7 3 # # ( 6
( , , # 8 , 4 # (
, ( : ( # ( ( (
( 6 ( , , ( 1 P#3 #(6
2.1. Definição e tipologias
Z $ 3 0 3 #
% # $ # 1 # 8 8 #
( # 1 ' Q # ## # #R
# # 6 Q ( #
8 R . 3 # () 8 # Q F JJ R
( ( 9 # $ #( 9
;# # # 3 ) ( 3 1 9
# 8 Q ; 1 , 7 1 JJ R
# ( 7 '( 9 8 )# $ 1 # 4
( # ( ( 3@ '
( 6 9 # ; # # # # $ + $
$ ( 8 @ # #( #
& # # ; #( $ ,
# # Z $ 8 [ QX ## JJ?B
& 7 % F JJ:R Z $ / ,- [ Q" F JJ:B * (
$ ## JJ JJ 3R Z $ ?/ [ Q$ JJAR
?
3 [ Q0 F JJ R # 8 9 . ( # #
# ( 8 '
, 8 $ ' 8 6
8 @ ( # 8 ' 8
( 1 # 1 7 # . ; 8
#( 4 #(
$ # # (6 A 7 # 8 (
8 , # #3 #3 0 . 8 9 #
# # 1 3 ( 6 # # 8
( Q ( # (
( ( R 3 # $ 8 8 # Q ;
# # R 7 # 8 #
( 8 9 ! " Q JJHR ') Q( ' #( 2 D
> 7 JJ?R 0 ' . 8 ( 3
7 # 8 # 7 8 8 # Q(
' #( X ## ) JJ?B " F JJ:R
!# ( 8 $ , 8 4
#( 4 # *# # #( 6 '( # A
. #( ( # 8 ( #( ' Q. # #
4 ( ; 8 8 # 7 # R
4 0 7, # ; .
# # 8 #( # 4 $ #
* ( Q* ( $ ## JJ R $&* Q JJ R 1 # 3 #
# # ; # # 7, Q( ' #( F
JJ R . # . ( # 3 #
# # # ( ; #
;# # . . 4
, # #( ;
# 3, 8 , 4 ; . 6 #
8 7 # , $ # 8 .
( , # 3 1 7 # 8 #
8 Q$ JJAR . #( @ # #
# 7 # # # $ @, . 8 #
7 # Q0 F JJ R * ( 9 ' #
A 8 ! " Q JJHR ; # ( ( # #( . @ #
( #( ' 4 . 7 @ 8 8 #
C
, 1 ( 6 ( ( ' #( . 8
#( ( . 8 # 7 #
' # ()
( 8 8 9 $ # 8 ( 8
( ( , 9 4 # Q" ) JJCR
0 F Q JJ R ( ' #( 1 # 8 # '(
( ) ( ( ( ;# #( '
$ # ; 8 #
& 7 % F Q JJ:R 3 # # ) #(
( 3 8 # . ( # 8 # . .
3 $ , # 8
# # ( . ( # 3@
. ( # # 8 ) 0
( 8 3@ Q # ( 6 ( $
( R ' # . 8 9 1 #
( )( 9 # ,
8 # . ( 8 3 $
1 ( < )Q JJHL R #, 3 8 )# #
. 3 L
V . ,< ,- +
3 + + @ / 6 $
,- /@ * + +
A /
,- ,< ,- '
/. @ 8 6 $ =
/ '
. 3 * / 4
,- ,- W
;# ; #3;# ( ' # 8 9 ( 1
# !02 (9 8 # !" 7
( #( $ AL
R B $ L #( ( ' .
@ # # # ( # ! " 7 B
H
3R $ L #( 3 ) 7 #
. 8 # # # 7$ 7
;# 3 # # ' 7 7
1 3 ( 9 ' . ( # 8
( . # , ( 8 F Q JJ R . 8 $
, # V * +
,- W & ( (
< )Q JJHR ( ! " 7
#( ,L
R #( ( ( 8 @ 3
() # 3@ '( 8 # 8
7 # 3
B
3R #( A ( ;# () .
( # # 7 # 3
R #( ( #( ' 3 # 8
8 # 7 # ( (
2.2. Evidência empírica
3 $ 9 ( 3 # 7 # # ;#
8 # ( 8 9 , Q< 7 # )
JJHR # #(6 3 $ , # #
3 ( # @ ; ( 1
# # # 3 #( $
, ( L . 8 1
8 )# Q( ' #( $ JJAB *$& JJ B * ( $ ## JJ B $7
JJJB < ) JJHR , 8 . 8 #
# Q( ' #( > JJ B DD ) JJCB
& 8 < 3 JJ B $ F ) JJ?R
( 3 . # ( 6 #( )#
$ , ; # . Q( AR . '
3 # # ( 6 Q( R *
A*# 8 # # 8 Q 6 ( ' #( # % 7 JJ R #
#( . 1 # # ( ( ( ) #
K
#( # ( 7 # ; # ( #
, ( Q( R 8 # ( #
8 8 , Q( :R
2.2.1. Contributo económico
& # # . ; $&* 3 $ ( 3 A Q$
JJAB *$& JJ R # ( 6 ( ( 3 ( # ;
. @, . ( # # #( 7 ( (
# 8 ( 3 #
0 * ! $ ( # # AJS
( Q *$& JJ R # 3 ; # L # AIIK
? 3 9 ) )# KJ JJJ ( 3 7 #
$ , . # * # ( 3 9
) # #( Q$ JJAR # # ()
) # ; + F ( ( # 3 6 4 9
. ' # 3 ) # #( ,( #
# X E D
0 ( 3 # # ) #( #
# ( # ( # ; ' Q$ JJAB $7
JJJB < ) JJHR ' #( $ 3 # (
) . # #( #
# # #; 0 Q$ JJAR * * F
X# D Q JJ?R $ ;# # 6 #( 7 8
#( # # ,
0 * ( # $ ;# Q S
#( R ; 8 $ #( Q. ( # AJS JSR
. # #( ( . # L # 8 IJ CJS
$ 8 # AJ 3 7 Q$ JJAR ( .
, ?JS 7 ; ? #( ?S 6 ( ( ( ( , Q$7
JJJR # $ # # #( 6
A* 8 #( 8 ( ( 3 Q ( ( 8
$ RB $ . # ( ( ( 3 #( #
( ( # ( 3 ( # ( #
( 3 Q *$& JJ L :AR
8 #( 8 ' # # 8 # )
# ( 8 # * ! #; Q! &R
I
#( # ( 1 . 8 ( 8 , ( # #
8 # ( 6 #
5 # ) 4 ' ( * ! #( 7
#( $ # 6 # $&* Q$ JJAR # AIIH
$ , ( KS $ 1 # # # 79 ) #3
AJJJ #( # # 7 8 8 # , 0
, # # ( 6 # AS #( # # (
# 79 ) # # ( # # )
8 ?J JJJ ) Q$7 JJJR
;# 8 )# $ , # ,
# # # ( #
# #( 9 #
$ , 8 # # #( ( ' #
3 ( # # #( #
) Q DD )+ JJCB *$& JJ B ` < D AIIKB
% # % JJ?B & % 7 JJ R *# 9 # ( ) ( $
3 # ( 8 # 7 # , # 1
# Q E 7 $7 JJ?R
*# #3 8 7 # ( 3 ( # ;
86 #( ( # #( 7 # 8 #
8 # 7 # # 3 # 1, Q/ JJAR $
# ( 8 # '( # 7 #
;# 1 ( # # 7
7 # ( # . 8 #
# '( P#3 ( 9 1 Q/ JJ?R
2.2.2. Taxas de criação, sobrevivência e crescimento
0 # ; # # # $ ,
8 ( ( 6 ( # 3
( 4 #( 0 ' #
( ( 6 . ( 4 '
3 # ( #( Q$ JJAR
* ! < ! ( # # $
( # ( # ( 6 Q5 R ( ( # #
( 3 8 . @ '( ( ' #( 3 ' \ (
:J
#( ( # . 1 # # 8
7 # # '( 9 # 8
1
7 <K +))+L * < D 573
7 8 ! 8 9
2 % ) # %
9 +:. ;< =
4" +:. :> :#<>
+<. ?@ =
A +:. <B C#?D
! 1 +:. E C#<D
+:. :@ <#;D
F +:. <B :#CB
G +:. :E <#B>
$ +:. >E <#;;
5 H +:. ;@C <#CC
/ H +;. :;@ <#;E
E +:. *$& Q JJ L ?KRB+<. ! " Q JJ RB+;.> 7 ) JJ
3 # * ! $
, # # . 8 8 9
;# 3 1 # ( 3 F Q JJCR
( # 7 ) # ( 3 # -& 9 ;#
( # :JS # #( . ; #
8 # $ , # ( , , 1
" # * ! # JJ? A S 9 , #
8 ( ( ; 1 9 ' # 8
'( 9 L ! " Q JJHR JJ JJ? I
# # . . $ ;# # ,
( # $ L # 3 $ #
3 #; Q$ JJAB $ F# X 3 D
JJ B $7 JJJB < ) JJHR
$ 3 ( # )#
3 ( 3 # (
. $ ;# ( # ' 3 # .
#( Q$ JJAR 0 7 Q JJ R . # $ "
4 # ( ; (
:A
# # 8 )# # / . ( $ 3 ( .
3 # # #
# $ 3 ;# 3 8
# , . * ! (
# + F Q& 88 < 3 JJ:R & 8
$ # * ( ( # $ (
; 8 . . ( '( ( # # #3 8 P#
)# Q* ( $ ## JJ R
2.2.3. Um grupo heterogéneo de empresas
$ , # ( 7 ; #( 1 (
# ) 8 9 4
9 # Q" ) JJCR
& # $ # * ( Q* ( $ ## JJ R #
3 KK $ ;# A? 9 ( #( ( #
8 # # 9 L 6 ( # T( AB
( 1 B . ( 8 B # ) 1 B #
# 8 8 9 # 9 ( # # 8
. ; ( #( L "* ) ( ( #( 3
# (
"* ) ( # # 8 -&
; 8 # # # ( #6 #
( # # ) 3 ( (
; 8 ( # ( #(
'( # # # ( #
( ( #( . # # 8 # 763 (
8 ( # # 7 # 1
# ; 3 #
( # ( (
#( 3 # ( ( # @ ) ,( #
() 8 * #( # # # (
3 # . ( 8 7 ; # #( 8
A06 AL ' # ( T# 8 4 ( #( ( '( # @
#( B 06 L ' # ( 8 # ) . ( 3 (
3 # #( B 06 L #( ( # @ 7 # ; #
:
;# # # # '( 1 #( 9
( 3
( . #( ;# . # (
1 # ( #( #3;# # # #
) # . ( )( ( # 7 #
'( Q& 7 % F JJ:R 0
#(6 . . # ( 3 #
Q , R # ( # 3 1 ,
#( Q" F JJ:B & 88 < 3 JJ:B * ( $ ## JJ R
# $ ( # 8 #
3 # 6 Q $ R 6 (
Q #( R 0 ( # ( # 8 #
( ( ( #( #
( ( . ; # 1 ( #(
. ( # 9 # #
( # #( # ' #
#(6 . . # # #
# # 8 3 (
4 #( Q0 1 )+ JJ R
2.2.4. Factores de influência
. # . #
$ L R #3 3R ( 6 , R
#( R 6 ( )( #(
I E
8 #3 # 9 9
( 3 # ( 3 ( 8 ( 1 (
#( 3 # 7 # #
( 7 # 68 Q* ( $ ## JJ B DD )
JJCB % 7 " # JJ?B X ## ) JJ?R
#( ( 9 ;# ; (
8 #3 # #( # #
'( 9 ( # ' #( # # (
3 3 # 8 Q( ' #( # # ( ( (
R # 8 Q( ' #( 8
:
3 #( . '( # 7 # , Q$ JJAB
& 8 < 3 JJ:R
$ # * ( Q* ( $ ## JJ R 3
# #( 8 ( ( Q ( #
( 3 8 # R 8 ' 8 # Q
# # #( ' 3 R
( #3 # 1
# 9 ( # # 9 . #
'( 8 )# $ * ( ( #( * !
# 1 ( ( ( 6 ( . #
#( Q #( 9 . #
# # 8 ' 8 8 # ( #( # R
8 3 #( ( 6 . '
68 * ! 8 4 * ( #3;# @ 8 # # 7
# 4 $ Q& JJ?R
0 # # 7 $ F# X 3 D Q JJ R 6 # .
# 8 # 8 ( 3
3 $ , . > Q JJ R # (
/ 8 # # ( ( (
( #6 $ ( #
# ( #(
#3;# ( ( # # '(
( # ( 3 # # 7 8 # QX ##
) JJ?R # ' 1 9 ( 1 ( Q(
' #( ( . $- 3 R #3;# ; ,
I 7 D L < D *
$ , , 8 # 1 #3 ;#
Q" JJ R # 8 # ( # 8 #
8 ( ( , 1
( 6 # #3;# ( ( 6 8
7 # ( $
3 #( ' , $
# # . ( ' 68 ' #
::
8 7 # # 8 ' . . (
3 # #(
, 8 $ !# ( # (
# 3 # # (
# # ( # 1 !# #
8 ; ( ;# . ( # 3
' # #; 68 8 # # # ( 3 9
# # 1
Q0 1 ) JJ R (6 #( ;#
6 ( ( ( ( ( 3 86
# # # #3;# 8 ( ( (
$ Q 1 # JJJR
( ' 68 #3;# 8
. 2 D Q JJ?R # (
' ( $
# # , ( # $ 3 (
#3;# ; 8 P#3 Q$ JJAB $ F# X 3 D
JJ R 8 # # & % 7 Q JJ R ' 68
# # #( ( @ ( . # .
( ( ( # # # ( ( ( #(
( # 1 @ ( . (
# 7 . . #3;# # #(
# 7 1 $ # # 8
7 # # ; # '( 6 ( 8 #
Q2 D ) JJ R 9 3 ( 3@
( 4 ( 8 ' #
Q$ F ) JJ?R ( # #
; # # # #3;# ( 8 #
( ( ;# # 4 # 8 '
( ( ( #( Q* D JJ 7 ) JJ?B % % # JJ?
\ 3 ) JJ R
& ( # ( ( ;
# ( ( 1 ( ( $
' # #( P ( #(
# $ ; 8 4 ( 7 8
( # ( ( L / . #
:?
#( Q& % 7 JJ B 2 D > 7 JJ?B DD ) JJCR ;#
( 3 # , # #(
8 # # ( ( ( #3;#
( , . ( # ;
# # 8 # , #
( ( ( ( # $ Q& % 7 JJ B
" D# )+ JJ?R
*# ( 3 8
8 1 ( 4 8 ( ( ( (
3 ( ) #
' , # ( @ )
# ' $ Q2 D > 7 JJ?B 2 D ) JJ R 0
. " D# ) Q JJ?R . .
# # 8 # ( # 8 ' # #
# 8 # $
# #3;# ( ( . 3
#( , 3 # ( ( # $
@, . 7 # # # 9 3 (
9 3 ) ;# 7 # ;# ( 1
Q] E 1 % # JJCB 2 D JJ?R
# ( $ ( #3;#
( ( 3 ( # 3 1 (
8 # $ ;# # 3 #
8 ( #3 ( 1 (
8 7 # # Q* ( $ ## JJ B
" F JJ:B $ F ) JJ?B & 88 < 3 JJ:B 7 JJ R #
' 8 ( ( #
( 3 1 ( ( 1 # . 9 ( (
# ( ) #( 8 (
# #( Q$ F )+ JJ?B 2 D > 7 JJ?B 2 D )
JJ?R #3;# 6 ( #( ( #
( # # #( Q$ F )
JJ?B & 88 < 3 JJ:R
I 5 <
#( ; # # # #(
:C
$ ;# #( ( ;# 7 3 # #
, #3 @ ' Q2 D ) JJ R 1
) ( ;# ; 8 . # ' ( ( )( 1 ( #
. 3 4 # (
# ( # 8 ;# # # #( '(
# ( 8 ( ) # # #
) & # # ( # # # 6
' ( 8 #( ( 8
# # P # ;#
#(
( ( #( ;# ( #( , @ 4 8
( # @ # ( ( ( 3 86 ( 8
( # 3 ( ( ' , '(
Q2 F ) JJCR # ; # #
( ( # 1 (
( Q* D JJ R
# #( ;# 8 # (
8 # $ ( # 8 8 #
( ( , ( ( # 8 .
7 # ( 68 , ( # .
; . # # ( # . 1
( ; #( 7 # 8 8 #
# 3 86 Q$ ) JJ:R *# . #( #
#( # ( '( #( # (
, ( # 1 . ( # 1 9
, ( 1 ( 4 8 Q& 7 % F JJ:R
I 7 D <
6 #( Q 8 # @ 6 3 )
# 8 8 ( 1 ( 8 #
# ) R # # 8 8 3
$ # * ( Q* ( $ ## JJ R # ( 8 #
QAIKCR 8 . 3 # $ ;#
( # # ( ( 3 ) #( (
3 #( # , # (
:H
8 4 # ( 3 # ( ( (
8 # ( 6 # #( # 0 .
( #( # # #(
. , ( '( # Q# D
3 #( # R
* F X# D Q JJ?R #( P# #( 7 . (
8 # ( $ , !# #(
$ , # #( ( ( # , )#
# . . ( ( # ( #( #
7 # ; Q # # 8 # #( '( #( R #
P# 1 # . ; 8
#3 ;# ( $ ;# # #
# 6 # . #(
7 Q JJ R " F Q JJ:R # # . 8 #
#( 7 $ 8 9
8 # '( 8 8 (
( ( ( ) # # ( 3 3
3 #(
& # X ## )Q JJ?R 7, . ( # 8 ( $
;# # @ # 8 # (
) # #, # 8 . 1 #( 3 8
' # (
# D 1 ( ( ,
2.3. O processo de
spin-off
em ambiente universitário
( $ # #3 , # # 3 #
, L Q0 1 JJ B & 8 < 3 JJ: $ F
)+ JJ?RB #( $ Q+ 7 ) JJ: & % F JJ:RB
#( Q2 F JJCR * 3 # .
7 # # ( # 1, ( ( # (
8 # # # ( ;
# Q # 7 , ( A R ( #
@ 6 ( 1 3 # ( @
) Q. ( R ( (
:K
2.3.1. Etapas e intervenientes
( $ ; ( , # # (
. # # 7 # ;# ; 8 # # (
# 1, Q/ R
E * +
E <
E $ F ) JJ?
( # ( ( ( @
( . 9 ( ( ) ( (
'( # Q$ F ) JJ?B + 7 ) JJ:R * 8 ;
( ;# ( ( 8
) Q0 1 ) JJ R
0 8 ; # ( ; ( (
) Q& 88 < 3 JJ:R ,
8 # # ( @ ) * (
( ( # ) Q( ) ( R # Q(
) R ' # 3 1 #( #
8 # Q0 1 ) JJ + 7 ) JJ:R
0 8 '( # ( ) # .
3 #( Q 8 # ( 7 # 8
# 8 ( R ; # (
Q$ F ) JJ?B 7 JJ:B + 7 ) JJ:R
$ F Q JJ?R ( # ( # # 8 . ; # (
# L ( # 9 # )#
( # $ 8 ( #
-0? 0AB5 .!#0 -AB5 -05?#AB5
? *: ? M<
C
:I
3 # ) #( 8
1 ) 3@ 8 # 4 # .
( ( #
#( 8 #
8 # 1 7 # ( ( (
( 1 # ( Q& 7 % F JJ:R &
# ) #( 9 . (
Q 7 # T #(
# R . ( # 8 8 # $
Q< 3 " AIICR
2.3.2. Actividades, recursos e competências
( $ #( # @ 8
#( Q5 :R ( ( 8
( ( ( ( #
) # 6 #( & # 7
JJA Q $ F JJ?R 7 7 # Q( ' #( R
Q R 8 Q ( R 86 Q( ' #( ) R )
Q 8 -&R 1 Q( ' #( 3 R
1 ,
# L < = <
# $ % $ # $
# $1
0
A * $1 $1
9 $1 $1 A
3
9 I 3
:) 0 * * ) * * ) 2 0 0 2 3
!;" $1 0
1 $1 0
) A
) AJ # A AJ #
) 1
3
< % AJ 0
A * )
" $1 0
A * )
' 1
<7 A * I
$1
A * I
$1
A * I
$1 0
5 3 6H
$1
/ * / *
/ K
/ * 0
/ K
)
%
2
%" 1 * ) * ) I ) 2
A
?J
8 ( # 7 #
( # # 8 # .
8 1 ; . # # 7 7 3@ . # (
( #( ( ( # # @,
# # ( # ( 1 1 # 8
7 # ( ( (
# # # # # ( ( ( 8 @
# # ( #
( )# # ( # 1 6 (
# ( # # 6 8 * 8
8 . # # #3 8 ( ( ,
Q # ( @ 8 ( #( R #3;#
, 8 # # . ( '( # #
# ; ( 8 6 4 #( (
# # ( #( ( . # 8 #
# ( 8 ( 1 Q0 1 JJ R
!# 8 ; # ) .
# ( # ( ( Q( ) ( R ( # 8
( ( # # # (
( ( * 8 ( ' #
3 ( . . ( # 9 ;
( . 8 0 # (
;
# # 3 3 # ( ) .
# # ( # 7 Q # (
( 9 3 8 R # # 8 (
# # # 8 # # (
'( 0 # ; # #( . # #
;# ( #
0 8 # '( # ( )
; ( )#
3 . #( ( # # ; # @, 8 (
0 # # 3 #( ( 3
8 86 3 # # #( T
#( !# 1 # #( ( ( (
#( # ( ( ( 6
?A
2.3.3. Intervenção pro-activa das universidades
$ # 8 ( $ ; # (
#( 4 . #( # #(
( 1 ( 0 ' @ 8 (
3 ( # 3@ # 8 7
( ( , , 3 1 8 #
( Q ; 3
( # 1 # . R ( # )#
# # 7 # ( @ ( 8 8 # ( 4
8 # #( Q$ F ) JJ?R ; , (
# # 8 . ( (
#( # 3 ( # 8 #
. #( . 8 #
#( Q2 D ) JJ?RA
0 8 ( 8
# ( # # L
R / # 1 3 # 9 ( (
Q ( 3 1 # 8 # , ( )( RB
3R & ; ( 1 ( # 3 #
9 ( 3 8 7 #
( 7 B
R # ) 8 # 8 #
# # ( # B
R & ( 3 1 #( 8
#( ' B
R # # ;# #( Q ; 9
3 1 8 # 4 ( ( #
# 1 R ( # # #3 ( #(
0 8 #( ( #
( 3 1 #( ( ( ( (
# # 8 Q( ' #(
8 # ( # ( ) ( R ( 3
# # # ') . ( (
?
# 3 8 # # 1
( 3 #L ; 3 8
7 # . ( # $
( # 6 #
, ( 9 ;# # '(
*# ' # '( Q #
; # ( 6 ( R ' ( F7 &
$ 8 . # # # ( ( ;
( ( 3 1 8
/ # 8 ( #( 7 # ( (
3 #( . ( 3 1 #(
, ( . 8 * ( (
8 8 # Q ; # 8 ( )( (
( # R 8 (
7 # . 8 ( 3 1 8 86 #
. #( 7 # 7 # #(
( # 9 (
$ . . 7 (
'( $ ( ; 6 . 1 #
( 3 1 ( $ ( ( ( 8 6
( # # ( #
#( , ( 8 8 9 # # '
( $ 8 AQ< 3 " AIICB & 8 < 3
JJ:B $ F ) JJ?R
< 3 " QAIICR & 88 < 3 Q JJ:R # # . (
#3 9 ( 8 1 ( $ . #
#( # ' # L ' ( T '
* ( T* 0 #3 # 8 P#
#( ( # ( ; # . ( #
# 7 ( @ 8 7 ( # .
# 7 # ( ( ( *# #3 ( #(
# 7 ( @ ( 7 # (
$ F ) Q JJ?R # 3@ ; 3
9 ( ( # $ 8 # .
?
8 6 ( # ( #( A .
9 ( ( #3
# # ( ;# . 9 # ( 9 )#
6 #( ( # ( . # ( @ # 8
( # ( ( # 8 1 ( ( # #(
# . 8 # #3 9 (
( # 8 1 . ( ' )#
2.4. Proposta conceptual de avaliação da influência das políticas
universitárias na criação e evolução inicial de
spin-offs
, 8 (6 ( # 8 # 9 (
3 # ( ( ( 8 ( 6
, $
* ( # . ( 7 $ ;#
( 68 ( 1 ( ( 6 8
7 # , Q ( $ R # #
. # 7 . 8 # 3 #
#( 0 ( 6 8 7 #
, ( # 8 . 8 # 3 #
#( . # 8 ' . . (
3 #
#( ( 6 , . 8 # 3 $
4 ( # # #( #L
R ( ; ( 8 7 #
$ 1 ( 3@ #
# # # 8 1 . #
( ( # ;# Q2 D ) JJ B 0 1
JJ \ 3 ) JJ RB
3R 9 3 1 8 # # 4 # 1
# ( #( # ;# #
( ( Q2 D ) JJ B & % 7 JJ B
2 D > 7 JJ?R
# # 8 ' . . 7 () #(
# #( 7 # ( $ # # L
?:
R ( ( 8
( ) Q0 1 )+ JJ B & 7 % F JJ:R (
#( . #( # 8 #
( 8 # #( Q< 3 " AIICB
& 88 < 3 JJ:B $ F ) JJ?B " F JJ:RB
3R ( 8 , # ( 3 ,
8 7 # 1
Q" D# ) JJ?B % % # JJ:B ] E 1 % # JJCR
/ . # 1 8 ( 6 , 8
7 # $
E *
- = < D > = *
# . # ( (
, , # ( 3 #(
4 ( . ( # (
$ #( # 8 # # ( ( # ) !/
Q JJCR $ # * ( Q* ( $ ## JJ R
\ 3 ) Q JJ R ; ( 6 8 ,
, # #( #( 7 #
( $ ( 5 ?
# . # 9 ( 6 , Q (
/ R , 1 # # 1 8 #
. ( # 8 ( 6 8 7 , 8
( 7 8 (6 # ( #
5 $1
' )
% $ ) )! )% 2% %
+5 " * ) 0
& $1 .
$1 L
2 * 2%
+ $ * * ) 0
??
$ , ( 6 . 7 # 3 ( 6 ,
. 8 # ( 8 #
#( * # ( ; ( ( # . ( 6
, 4 $ . # ( # # 8
. # . ( . ( (
1 "
# < D > > N
< % /!) # 2% # %
5' ) &
* )
9 $1 * )
+ / A .
$1 " $1
3
5' ) * )
" * )
A & $1 $ * $1
& $1 $1
A & L
M % * & $1 $1 A /
A 9 $1 / A
*
$ *
* )
$1 * )
$1 * )
7* $ I
* )
5' ) * )
# I )
GL +52A.
I $ *
M I *
* )
(
$1 $1
/ & $1 3
$1
$1
M
3 % * $1
$1 (
& $1 $1
9 $1 A 1 " & $1
9 3
$1
9 N $1 G 3
A $1
$1
9 I " * $1
)
M %
) * *
* $1
(
# ( 1 # # ( ; ' 1
( # (6 ( 6 ( 3
?C
Conclusão
#( $ # # # # # ( (
# 1 7 # , # 1 # #
# ( 7 '( 9 ' 3
# #( # 8 # ( 6 ,
( # ) 9 4
# #3;#
3 ( # # 8 # @ # 9
$ ( 3 7 # # @
8 , . 8 # *# (
( 68 ( 1 ( ( 6 8
7 # , # # . # . #
3 # 0 ( 6 8
7 # ( ; ( 9 3 1
8 # # 4 # 1 8 # 3 #
#( . #( 7 # ( $
' ( 1 # . .
( # # ( # # #3
8 , 4 # $ 0 ( )' # (6
( . ( (, , #
# 3 ( ( 6 3 # ( L
" 7 0 2 3 0 # # # # . ( #( # . 8
4 8 7 # ;# ( # 8
( 6 , ( 6 ( ,
8 # ( 8 ( $ (
?H
#!.
?K
3. Objectivos e metodologia
) 3 $ , 8 (6 8 (
8 ( 6 9 # #
#( *# . ( # #
#( ; ( ; ( 9 3 1
8 # 4 8 7 # 8 $
. #( 7 # ( $ # 8 ' . .
7 () #(
# ( 6 # ( #( #
8 # @ ( * # ( 6 . #
( ( # # #3 8 , 4 8 # 3 # #
( # # ( 7 0 . 3 (
# 7 7 # . 9 '( ! " 7
0 2 3 & ( # 3@ Q( A R #
Q( R . # 3 #(6
3.1. Objectivos
* #(6 # ( ( ( 3@ 8 ( 6 8
7 # # ( $ #
! " 7 0 2 3 # # #3 8 , 4
$ *# ( ( ( 4 . 9 L
R 5 ; ( 6 8 7 # # (
( $ 1 ! " 7 ! 0
2 3 Y 5 3@ Y 5 9 8 # ( #Y 5
1 #Y $ # # 6 Y
3R 8 7 # ( $ # 1
8 # # #( Y
R 8 , . 4
( 8 # $ Y
#( 3@ 8 1 # 8 ,
$ , # ( 3 . (
( ( : 0 ( 1
( ( 8 7 # # (
( 4 $ 8 ( 8 #
?I
# ( ( 8 # . .
1 # ( ( # ( #3;#
' # 7 # #( # #
( 6 8 7 # # (
# ( # ( #( . @, ( # 8 $
* ( . # , 3 . 8 ,
# # #
#3 ;# ( # (
# ( # , 8
# $ 8 @ #
, & # . . .
( )( * # P#3 ( , 8 # # 1
, ( , # 9
3.2. Metodologia
1 3@ . 9 (
#(6 #
( # # ; 8 7 # * ' 1 6
(6 : ( # ! " 7 0
2 3 ' # 3 8 7 # ( $
3 #
5 4 ( 6 . . , 3@
(6 ? C # 3 # 8 L
R $ 1 , # # 8
7 # ( $ B
3R 8 #( $ ! " 7 !
0 2 3 AIIJ JJCB
R ( # . ; $ ( 8
# ( 8 # ( ( 9 3
8 7 # ( $
( # 8 8 # 8 # ( 3 1
( 3 # Q # 7 / ) #( R
( ( # ( 3 8 T
( ( ( 6 # A
CJ
8 # ( 3 8 ( ( A . L
R #( ( ( 8 @ 3
() # 3@ '( 8 # 8
7 # 3
B
3R #( ( ;# () .
( # # 7 # 3
R #( ( #( ' 3 # 8
8 # 7 # ( (
# 8 8 #( 8 # (
( P# L
R $ #( #( # B
3R * # ' # 8 #
P # 9 (
( .
$ # 3 ( P# 8 3 ( @ C$!DD
<* C$!DD 0* Q. # # # $
# AIIJR ' # ( 3
( #( # ;# # ( 9 *#(
Q( # ( "* R 0* *$ 0* Q( # ( & R & #
7 / P
8 4 # ,
#( 7 # $ Q # " .
$ $ !02 * " 7 8 R ( #(
7 # # #( 3 #
# 4 3 ( (
# # # *# 8 # ( ( ??
$ L J !02 ? !" 7 # # 3,
1 Q , #( . ( #( R .
8 # #
# 8 3 ( # . ; ( . , A@
( # $ 8 8 Q (
# ( #( ' #
( # R 3 . , # # 8
CA
. ; 1 ( < )Q JJHR . @, 7 @
# $ 3 # ( . 9 3 L
A 0 ( # ( 7 # 8 #( 8 #
( 8 ( , B
0 ( 3 # 8 # # ( # 1 3 #(
3 Q R Q R # 7 # ( # 8
8 # 8 B
0 ( 8 8 )
# ( ( B
: . ( ( 8 7 # , (
#( 3 # . 8 #
( ( ( ( B
? . ( #( ( $
( ( ( # ( .
8 # ( # #(
1 ( $ , # #
( . # # # ( ( ( #B
C # ( 7 # ( 3
( 6 8 7 # ( $
. # ( ( # ( #
#( # 8 ( . Q( ' #( ( 3 #
9 # #( R
( . , 8 ( # @ #( 3
) . ( # 8 # 9 , & (
( ( 8 L # #3 JJH . , 8 ( #
#( 8 # ' ( 8 (
8 # & #
#( # # 4 ( 3 1 A 4 ( (
6 A " JJK
( . ; # # AI #( !02 QC S
( ( R A: #( !" 7 Q?CS ( ( R 0 8 #
. ; ( # ' ( 3 CJS
7 8 # 8 # Q R
C
4. Transferência de conhecimento nas universidades
portuguesas
$ # 8 (6 A , # # ; 8
7 # ; 8 ( 6 ( 3 ( # #(
0 ' (6 3 ( #
# ; 8 7 # , 8 9 . #
( # . #
( # ' 8 # ,
( ( # 3 8 9
( Q( : A R & ( ( ( # #
8 , 8 7 # Q( : R
/ # ( # ;
Q( : R
4.1. Da primeira à terceira missão: o caso das universidades
portuguesas
! $ #3 8 # A IJ 8 ( # (
( # ; # ; 6 ; == #
# ( *# 8 ; =+ 3 # 1
# # ( ( ( X #3
# 1 # # 8 # ( #3 Q JJJR #
) # ; ( # . 3 6
( 8 # ( ( 68 ; #
( 3 # AIAA 8 # ! 2 3 #
8 # ! $ #3 ( # ( 3 8
( #( # 8 # ( ( * 0 #
# ( # # , 8
Q JJJR & # #
1 # AIAA 8 #( # 1
* #3;# . # 8 ( ( CJ
# ( 8 )# 8 Q$ ) AIIKR
*# AIH 8 # + # '( ( #
( ; ( / #3;# (
#( # ( # ( ( 6 3 # 7 (
C
; 8 HJ # # (
( , 9 ( #
3 # * ) # # KJ
( ( ( ( 6 ( 3 ( 4 $**
& # ,( '( 8 9 (
# ( ; ( A #
8 # # 8 ( #3
# 7 #( 7 # ,8
8 ( AIIJ 7 . 3 # # ; , (
8 7 # Q ' ) JJHR
, # 7 # # '( # ;
KJ ( # ( # , ( ( # 8 #
# ;# 9
# 8 # 8 # ( ,
( # . ( ( # # , # @ #
* $ & ! , Q& 2 ::KTHIR * $
Q& 2 O CKTKKR Q& 2 O : HTKKR #
'( # # 8 8 #
# # # -& .
( # # # 8 # (
Q2 @ JJHB $ JJ R
& ( JJJ , 8 ( 8
( 3 ( # 1 )#
8 8 8 )#
Q2 @ JJHR & # * # # 3
( 9 7 #; # @ #
" ! ! ' Q R
. #( , # 3 8 #
# 3 ( #( 7 #
# # 8 #( 8
A # ' # # A: ( 3 # # # Q ' =R
( ; A? ( ;
# @ # 9 8 # # 8 #
# 8 # # ( ( AJ 8 #
( 8 8 # # Q ' JJHR
* # ( # 8 # # # &
2 O A :TII J 3 Q* $ $ 68 R 2 :JT JJ: AK
C:
7 # Q ; #( 7 7R (
# ( ( 3 3 1
8 # # #( # Q< 8 JJ?R
4.2. Medidas públicas e privadas de promoção da terceira missão
& ; KJ ! * ( # 9
( # # ( # # #(
8 9 ( * # ( # (
3@ L 6# 4 Q( : AR
4 ( ( 7 # , ( ( (
Q( : R ( # #( $ Q( : R
4.2.1. Incentivos à relação universidade-indústria
/ 4 8 6 $- ; KJ
AO ) 0 QAIK AII R AO 5$ QAIKK AII R # (
# # 8 , 68 ) 4 8 #
7 # 4 #( # # # ( 4 8
1 3@ 3 ( # $ b0$ A *&
#( # ( < &* Q< 3 AIIKR # 8 ( & O
IATKK 3 ( 6 ( 4 ( 9 68 #(
. 8 # 1 ( , -& # 8 # 1 )#
0 # # $** 1 ( 6 -& #
68 ) # 8 ( 1 " c
8 #( 8 ' Q JJAR * P#3
( # . 8 # #( , 4 (
4 -& # ) 4 8 (
3 #(
* ( # # $ b0$ ,
( 3, ( ; #( < &* ( (
# 7 8 # # ) & Q (
1 # ( 4 8
R #3;# ( . $- L ( D
. $ Q< 3 AIIKR
A$ 8 0 $ & #
C?
$ # ( *& 8 # :C 8 8
8 7 # 0 # # 9
#( ( 3 ( # . # # #
, ( ' # # ; !0 0 + QAIKCR
0 QAIKIR & * " 7 QAIKIR $ Q JJ R 2 @
Q JJHR # # ( # 3@ ( ( L
# # 8 # #
# . 8 8 5$ # 5
-& # 3 # ( # ( -& ;#
. ( 3 # #(
( IJ # 8 8 3 68 )
( 6 0 P#3 < = ( # $ T $ # ( #
# #( ( 1 -&
( ( 3 7 4 3 # # #3
#( *& *T < "* ( # # ( @
8 P#3 # ) (
( . ) 3 #( , A
\, ( JJJ 8 # ( 4
#( ( # 8 P#3 $L Z
4 0 Z! E ! 4 0
Z 4 [ ( # ( @ # )
#( ) 9 (
# ( 3 9 #( 8 # '
8 # 0 P#3 8 #
( # ( (
$ # ( ( 3 4 #
9 ( # # ( 3 8
( # 8 (
#( #
A*#EEE ( # # # ( ( # ( @ ( P#3
! " 7 $ #3 # # ( ( # ,
& . 7 # 8 # # ( < 2 3
+ @ . ( , '( . 1 1 ( 6
CC
4.2.2. Incentivos à utilização da protecção da propriedade industrial
; # ( ( (
( * $ & ! , ; #
( ( # AIII * $ 68 #(
( ( Q . ( R
' ( 7 # (
# 1 -& # ;#
3 1 ( ( .
8 . # # ( # #
( $) ( # A \ 7 JJ
1 9 #( P#3 ( ( ?Id .
( ( 4 1 V
,-* ,- / = @ W &
# 0 # # JJA # % 3 ( #
( Q% R 3 # ( #
) ( . $- 9 #( A
8 ( # 8 8 # 3 ( (
# 1 # # ( ( ( 3
3 0 % # #3 , 3@ ;
# 7 ( , ( 1 3 #
# 9 3 1 #, ( (
/ # 8 ( $) ( (
% # 3 ( )( #
( ( . # ( # ( 6( 3, 4
( ( . #3;# @ #
( ( # #(9 # #3;# .
8 # # 9 ( #
( , 8 # ( 3 86 3 ( '(
( 0 # ( #
3 $) ( Q" 7 JJ:R
# 0 # # 8 ( # , #
( # ' ( ( * ( ; ()
. # 3 A O 2 # !
A ' = ( %
' =
CH
Q. (9 . 3 8 # 8 R 8 # O
I T& %T JJA 0 . ( ' . .
; ( ; (
4.2.3. Medidas e programas de apoio a spin-offs
# # #3;# 4 ( 8 # 4
( # # $ ;# ( ( . ( ( 6
( 3 . ( 9 ( * # # (
8 # . #( 3 #
3 4 8 # # #( #
, ( ) 0 . #
( # ( ( #
8 9 ( '( ( ,
8 # $ ;# # 6 # 3@
( 3 # # ; ; ( # # 0*
0* *$ / 0 $ * #( # # 0* Q
( 8 -& # 68 ) R
( #( 7 # 8 # #( 8
, # 8 # # L
P#3 0* 8 # ( : ( @ #( . 0* *$ (
AAC 6 ; 8 JJH CA #( Q & JJHRA
3 ( 0* # #3;# ( ( 3 ( ' #(
P#3 < "*L 86 3 0 " . #
( # & # #3;# (
# 3 ( ( $ ;# # ;
$ ' 3 *#( $ + @ ) 8
# % ( 2 % $ (
0 #6 8 # # # ( #
#( # # # ( 0 P#3 #
( # # 8 3 # ; $ *$ *# JJ:
#( ( # $ X *$ # ( /2 & (
( $ F C *
( # # 0* # ( # (
7 # , ; # # 1
8 # # #( # ( 8 4 #( L
CK
; # # 8 # 8 ( J ( @ )
( # ( # 8 1 A *# JJH # 3 # /
$ % D D /2 & $ *$ ;# / # *#( #
@ 3@ 6# 4 9 ( (
# ( @ ( # # #( @
! 8 ( # ( ;#
#( # P#3 , #
# ( # ( # ( # # # 7
( @ ) ' #( # $
0 ) / +* Q( # ( "* 0 *2 . ( # :A R
$ 0 *#( # Q( # # ( ( $ ' %
& () !02 JJ:T JJ? ( @ #( R
$ #( Q "* ,
3 T3 8 # ; ( # #( R:
# $ #3;# # 3 8 #( 8 (
3 , #( $ / #
*#( # AIIK ; 4 #( # *#( X # JJC
4.3. Alguns indicadores da terceira missão das universidades
portuguesas
#( # # ( ( #
( # JJJ & # # #
3 , #( 7 # # . #
# < 8 Q JJ?R JJ?T JJC S
( ( 6 3 8 7 #
K CS 7 # 9 ( . ) ? KS 3 & # (
?JS ( # # ( ) . A: S 7 # # #
3 # 8 Q9 (
R ( 4 #( ;# #(
( # $ # # '( 9 ( 8
# ( #
AEEE ( ( # I A JJH
8 # 7 ( 6 # 7 (LTTEEE (# ( T (# J ( (7(Y N aC :
8 # 7 ( 6 # 7 ( LTTEEE ( T N #( T JJ?TAA ? 7 #
: 8 # 7 ( 6 # 7 (LTTEEE (3 ( T
?& A . $- 7 ( . Q . $- R
CI
( # 8 Q: A R
( # Q: R #( $ Q: R
4.3.1. Relação Universidade-Indústria
# $* Q JJ?R 1 9
AII JJ ( AHS ( ( 9 (
# ( @ -& ( ( * ( !* # #(
9 #( ( #
( # #6 $- #6 # # (
( ( 9 # ( @ # #( , Q:JSR
7 Q :SR QKSR & # (
( # ( 1 L ( # # #6
68 # # ( 4 #( # # 3
# #( # # #6 ; 2 3
" 7 0 2 3 Q/ :R
E * ,
3 < < F < C -O3 < L < >
<
E $* JJ?
# & Q JJHRA AIIH JJC 8 # ( ?: ( @
# #(
* # # ( Q2 @ JJHR # # #
( 8 * . ( '( (
HJ
P#3 # . # (
( ( 1 ( 8 #( . 1 #
# ( . # ( (6 ( 3 9
Q% 7 JJCB $* 0* $ JJ:R
4.3.2. Patenteamento
( # ( ( ( 6 3 ' .
@ 1 9 68 ) @ #
9 # & # " 7 Q JJ:R AIIJ JJ
( 8 # ( , ( ?K ( ( H $
A: ( # 0 ( 6 ! " 7
# # # # ( ( .
( ; ( # # ( (
Q. ( $ . ( ( # R
, 4 ( 8 # 1
8 # ( 3 / ? . #
( ( ( ( #
#6 $ # ( # ( ( # 3 ' .
( JJ 8 . # # ( !
; 2 3 " 7 0 2 3 Q/ ?R
E * "
< < >
HA
* ; 8 8 1 0 ( #
# # . # #, .
( # 4 '(
8 8 ( 4
# ( 3 #
( # # 3 ' ( ( ( # # (
# ( #3 1 # ( # # '
, 3 # # #( Q" 7 JJ:B " 7 )
JJCB ) JJCR
4.3.3. Criação de empresas spin-off
U # 7 ( 3 # 8 . 1 3 $
, 8 ( #3;# ' 7 # .
( 8 # 3 ( 0
X . / Q JJAR 1 ( < ) Q JJHR 3 $
8 # # ( 3 # ;
( ( $ ( ; 1 (
?J #( . : 8 # AIIJ ( 6 AIIJ JJA
# C #( # . 3 X . / Q JJAR
" 7 $ #3 # $
( # A? #( ( # A !02 . ; #
# ( # $ 0
# 8 # 9 ( JJJ # ( #
( 6 # . # # # #(
( ( 8 ( 6 # Q< ) JJHR
& # < ) Q JJHR 3 # # AJJ $
# #( ( , 8 E
8 #, . # #6
#3 # ; # ( . # ( 8 #
#( ( ;# ( # *# ( # . ( # #
( # , ) ( # . 8
( # #( . '
0 . ( ( 8 # . ( ( (
( 3 # ( #( # # # 8
#( 8 # # 9 8 #
# # ( 8 # (
H
( #( Q/ CR . ;
# # ' # . 8 # # # 7
( ( #
E * $
* <
Apoio concreto
22,83%
Facilitou actividade sem intervenção directa 34,78%
Manifestou hostilidade 9,78% Não existiu intervenção
32,61%
E L < ) JJH
$ #( 8 9 #( # 8 #
( # ( 4 6 ( )( #( #(
# # # # ( # 6 # () #
# . # # 6 4 # # #
( 6 #( & # 1 8 7 # .
# ' # # 8 # #
( #( # . ( #3;#
3 8 # # # ( # (
* 8 9 $ # 7 4
' # . ( # 8 ( ( 3 (
#( # . 8 . ( # #
'( Q< ) JJHR &
# # # # 3 #
#( ( ( ;# ( ' #(
3 ;# # JJC ) $P# /$ !02 #
8 ` # * ( ;# # ( #
68 6 , 3 #
#( ;# . #; 68 # 7
H
Conclusão
( 8 # ( ( #
8 ( ( ; 8 HJ ( ( 6 #
( # , ( # # # '( # (
#( 7 ( (
# ( # # 4 0 (
( JJJ # # 3 # #
' ( # (
0 # # # ( ( 3 ( (
6# 8 7 # # #
( ( # 4 ( #
$ 0 3 # ( 8
. # # 0 P#3 ! " 7 0
2 3 # # P# #( # 8 .
; 7 4 , 68 . 1 # *# # #(
! " 7 ( # ( #(
# # 7 # ( #
$
8 7 # # # #(
3 $ @, . # # ' . 8
& # # # ( #( .
# # # 8 , 8 #,
3 #3 ( . # #( . 8
7 #
0 (6 ? C , # 8 #
H:
5. Políticas de transferência de conhecimento e apoio a
spin-offs
: o caso de duas universidades portuguesas
0 (6 . ! " 7 0 2 3
# ( # # 0 ' ( (6
( 6 ( , 8 7 # #( 7 #
( $ 8 # 8 3@ .
1 # ( ? A ! 0 2 3 . ? 8
! " 7 # # (
# , # #
8 7 # #( 7 # ( $
5.1. A Universidade Nova de Lisboa
5.1.1. Apresentação institucional
! 0 2 3 Q!02R 8 8 AA AIH '
( 6 '( , ( ( # ( +
# # ( 3 2 3
!02 8 # ,
8 Q/ HRL ( ( #
# Q!0 0 + * R # ( . Q"
. R # 1 @ P 1 #
# . < #
, 1 # ( ( Q$ #( $ (
R # , , 2 3 Q$ #( 2 # \ . R
( HJ 7 ,
E * &
*P 20
) 2
) F
5
) "
A 5 1
A * $1
A 2 O 4 3
A F 2
5 G K K
A
G
2 +HGAG7 9.
I
A 4
5' 2 3
+A452.
H?
!02 8 # :J , # KJ # () 9
J # # # A: JJJ A ?JJ KJJ 8 ,
?J 1 $*
Q JJ?RA ( ( ( @ , ( 7
7 # 5 C ( # 6
( 68 !02
1 $
- < D 20
,--- ,--= ,--, ,--> ,--? ,--@
$ ;E> ?C? ?C@ ??E ><: >EE
B: B: D@ @; :C? ::?
= < ; ; ; B
E 2 3 2 Q JJHR 0
!02 # 3 # # #
( # # 5 6#
) Q 5 R / $ Q/$ !02R # (
# # '( ( #
$ / $ X # Q/ $X !02R #3;# ;
3 P# 3 # ' Q $* JJ?LAIR .
/ * # Q/* !02R #( 7 # ( ( #( 8
#( , #( #
5.1.2. Políticas e práticas de transferência de conhecimento
0 !02 8 7 # ; # 8 #
1 # < # 1 # # #6
# ( ( #( #
P # 1 # # (
8 ( ( # 8 8 8
7 # < # ( #
# 5 H ( ( ( # ,
8 7 #
HC
1 &
# * < D = 20
:@DE $1 HGAG7 9 P A G 2
:@D@ $1 A452 P A 4 5' 2 3
:@@> $1 I )
<CC< $1 I P A
<CC; 5 9 A P 9 N A
<CC> 9 $1 / A
<CC> 5 72A P 7* 2 * )
/$ !02 5 . # # ( 4
( # ( # #( # /$ !02 ,
8 Q !0 0 + " . * .
# 7 ( ? R # ( (
8 ' # ( # #(
; 9 3 1 8 # 0 5 (
8 ) 7 . (
' # #( # # # (
1 -& # 1 ; * . ; )
8
& < 8 ( # () JJ . # 3 # 4
8 7 # # # ( ( # 1 # + <
( , *#( # 0 # 3
( 8 7 # @ # 8 ( # .
P#3 $ # # ( # # #( ( 6
8 # , #( # 8
Q 7 ( ? A R
& # ( # 8 7 # #
< # ( ( # JJ? . ( 6(
3 9 9
( # P#3 6 1 Q AOR
8 # 3 1 , ( :O .
7 # 8 # , # 7 3 ( 3 1
# 8 # KO 3 4 ( (
( # 3
# ( # 8 ' 3 86 . ( # 3 ( #
HH
8 # # 8 7 # ; 8 ;
( P 8
9 ( 0 P#3 '( )
# 8 , # # L #
% " . Q ) JJCR ( (
/$ !02 KJS . 7 # ' # #
( (
5.1.3. Acompanhamento do processo de spin-off
< # ( !02 3 #( # #
# # ( 6 1 7 #
; ( # $ ;# . , 8
( # #6 3 # &
( 8 7 # 4 !02 3 # #
. @ # # < # ( $
I =
!02 (9 . ( # # #6 (
8 7 # Q $ % R , ; <
T P 8 L " .
!0 0 + * * ( #
$ 8 # JJ? # 7 L ( # #
#( 8 # , #( # 8
8 # JJ? JJH 3 # # CH JJJ
* Q 8 ( !02 # ?SR # 3
( # # #( # 3 1
( ) 0 . 8 # $ 0
*#( # Q JJ:T JJ?R < ;# 0 *#( #
Q JJ?T JJC JJCT JJHR . # ( # # ( $%&
# !02 7 # JJC G
& . 7 # ' # 4 !02 7 #
( ;# 3 6 #
0 P#3 8 # < ( # # / * #
# $ X *$ ( 2 3 # JJ: U # 7
HK
# 3 ( , ( $ ; 8 JJH
3 ; @ ( ( # 7 ( 1 # 4
( 9
$ #( # # ! 8 JJC 8
( 8 # ; ( 8 # / 0 $ 0 T ;
3 & # < # 9 ( # 9 8
. ( # #(
*# # 8 $ 3 7 # # % L
% 8 # #( ( (
B $ ( ( # #( ( 1 # 8
3 8 # 1 ( ( ; ( , (
1 0 . # #
8
5 K ( # 6 # ( (
$ JJ? JJH
1 8
- 5.-7Q20
# +:. )! +<.
• < % &
<EB(CCCQ
• )% *) &
: " &
:
• #
9 7FA25
9 <R $1
; 3
• % / % ! " % $
< * )
< %
E +:.EEE (B+<. $N!02A
& # ( 6 ( . ( # JJ
$ 1 4 # $ +
# # ( #6 8
( ( ( # )
# 8 ( # # . ( 6
JJH #( # ( @
HI
" . A8 8 # AII? # L /$ !02 <
!02 $P# " ( # !0 0 + $P# " ( '
# . $- ( 8 #
# 3 #( 3 )
" . # AIIH # ) ( JJJ # 8
# $ # ( 3 # JJ
" . ) ) *#( Q. .
( 8 # R ( 8 #
( 9 ( )( 3 ' *T < "* *#
, # # 86 ( )(
" . # , L 6# #( #
3 #( ( # ( (
6# #( # 3 #( # #
# ( # # 8 , 4 #(
( #( ( @ )
( 3 1 ( ( # @
( #( # 8 $ . ( # ( )
7 # # ! * AIIH JJH " 7 :H
$ # . # $ /$ !02
( . % # JJ @ 8
( ( # #3 8 , ( ; 4 1
; % 8 # 8 # 1 JJ JJH ? (
( AA ( #
( " . # ' # #
*# # 8 # # '( 8 # 4
9 Q KJJ JJJe JJ: JJH 8 # ?SR % Q
:?J JJJe JJ JJH 8 # ?SR *# # 7 # #
JJC " 8 , Q* RL # # 4 ,
, # 5 I 1 ( ( #
" .
AEEE # ( . (
& # V" 3 W * (9 ( @ 6 ( )(
# 8 # , " . $ @ $ 7 #
KJ
1 ;
< 4 '
% 2 # % #
• < % &
9 A +<CC;=<CCB. ?>C(CCCQ
G * $1
+<CC?=<CCB. ;(DCC(CCCQ
• )% *) 5,--A6&
< " A
< "
< " $1
:
• )3 $ 5=..BC,--B6
?B +<> HG .
• % 2% ) % ! D 5,-->C,--B6
<>
::<
<< * $1 & $1
• 2% % 5,--AC,--B6
;< 3
E> I
@ * $1 & $1
E " .
!0 0 + ( & # 0 A8 # AIKC
( /$ !02 */ * # J #( ( ( # 9
2 1 $ ( !02
# 1 -& 8 #
) ( . ; 6 (
L $ *' # " ) ( )
Q$*" R $ # Q$ R
*# J ' !0 0 + # # -& 8
6 ( # '(
( ' 6 ' #( $
8 ( 6 JJ JJC # ( ( # K ( @
# AH ( ) ( ( #
. ( . $ Q!0 0 + $ JJHR
!0 0 + , $ . 8 # 86
8 4 -& 6 * #( # # #
( 3 1 ( ( ) ( # 8
. ( # 8 ( ( # ( @
# ( # 9 #
KA
* *'( # ) 8 # AIKI #
-& # 8 # (
4 8 7 # # # (
. 7 ) # 9 ( 3 #( (
!02L 5 /$ !02
* # 1 -& 1 9
8 # ( 3 ( ;
#( ( 3 ( 3 # 9
#( 3 . 6# 3
& 8 # ( * # (
( ( ( Q $ R . (
( 7 # #( # . 8 # 3@ # &
# @ * 5 # $ . ( #
3 ) -& A #( ( 1
# 1 ( ; ( * . 8
. ( # 3 ( # # ( ( # ,
( #(
I - <
0 !02 ' # ( 6 $ # 9
( # ( 8 ( 6( L ( ' #( .
< * ( # # $
" . . # # 8 4 /$ !02 ( (
#( 3 ) & 1
< P 8
0 (6 . 8
( ( ( # # #( ( 8
( # # 1, 5 AJ 1
< P 8 !02 (
AEEE 3 ( # AJ JA JJK
/ # * 3 ( $ #
K
1 ()
- 20
E% %# $ # % %5 6
A $1 $1
* )
9 $1 / A
+<CC>.
/
$
*
: 9 A0 : 72A 0 : I J26A 0
< AJ 9
/ 0 2=HG
A2O4
/ *
* )
+<CCE.
@ +52A.: < 0 B
* ) #
/
I
& $1 $
N * )
$1 & $1
9 N $1 3
9 N $1 *
A $1 / I A2O4 A452 $ 1
A & $1
* $1
A & $1 $1
# $1
$ = K
/
I
A452
/ & $1 3
5 & HG
7
+ 4 # 4 # (.
/ I 2=HG A2O46 A452 A * $ 1 $ 1 $1 7FA25 * / I
0 !02 ( # # #( , ( ( #
# # 8 ( 4 8 7 # .
# 7 # ( 8 (
; 7 # ( 1 * ( 8 #
. ( < # ( . ; # (
8 8 $ 3 86
8 Q2 D JJ R ( 3 ;
!02 ( # (
# 3 ( # 1
/ ( 8 # 8 )
) $ X *$ ( # ( < #( # 3@
8 # 1, . # ( 4
A* # 8 # " . 4 < !02 ( 6
K
# . $ . % # # ( #
8 # # ( # # ; 1
# # #
'( & ( # . #3 ! #( 7 #
< # ( 7 #
8 # , 8 ( 3 1 4 # ;# ( 8
0 8 #(
( ( # ) # 5 AA
1 !02 8
1 ((
- 20
E% %# $ # % %5 6
& $1 $1 A 9 A
9 $1 A 9 A S 72A
9 $1 $1 A
$1 A 9 A
9 3 I A4520 HGAG7 9
9 3
9 *
3
/
+ # ) A .
9 9 ) / + 7FA25 . I
0 !02 ( ( ( ; #
( % . # ( $ ( # (
# ( # ' ( ,
3 8 & . ( ' #
8 ( 6 1 . # $
3 # #
# 9 ( )( . ;#
( (
0 . ( # # < " . ( #
( 4 3 #( ( 3 ( )
# ( ( 8 # 0 . $ X *$ (
' #( ( # ( ( " / * #
' . ( # # ) "