Rev. bras. ortop. vol.49 número6

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rev bras ortop.2014;49(6):668–670

w w w . r b o . o r g . b r

Original

Article

Dominance

of

foreign

citations

in

Brazilian

orthopedics

journals

夽

,

夽夽

Renan

Kleber

Costa

Teixeira

∗

_,

_Vitor

_Nagai

_Yamaki,

_Rita

_de

_Cássia

_Rodrigues

_Rosa,

Rui

Sergio

Monteiro

de

Barros,

Nara

Macedo

Botelho

UniversityoftheStateofPará(UEPA),Belém,PA,Brazil

a

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t

i

c

l

e

i

n

f

o

Articlehistory:

Received4January2014 Accepted21January2014 Availableonline27October2014

Keywords:

Journalarticle Impactfactor

Bibliographyassubject

a

b

s

t

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a

c

t

Objective:To evaluate whether there is any preference for citing journals from other

countriestothedetrimentofBrazilianjournals,inthreeBrazilianorthopedicsjournals.

Methods:Allthereferencesofarticlespublishedin2011bythejournalsActaOrtopédica

Brasileira,Coluna/ColumnaandRevistaBrasileiradeOrtopediawereevaluatedtoascertain howmanyofthesecamefromBrazilianjournalsandhowmanyfromforeignjournals.

Results:3813references distributedamong187articleswereanalyzed.Outofthistotal,

306(8.02%)werefromBrazilianjournals.Therewasnodifferencebetweenthethree jour-nalsanalyzed.Therewere76articles(40.64%)withoutanycitationsofarticlesinBrazilian journalsandonlytwoarticles(1%)citedmoreBrazilianarticlesthanarticlespublished elsewhere.

Conclusion:ThereisaneedforBrazilianresearcherstocitearticlesfromBrazilianjournals

moreoften.

Domínio

de

citac¸ões

estrangeiras

nos

periódicos

brasileiros

de

ortopedia

Palavras-chave:

Artigoderevista Fatordeimpacto Bibliografiacomoassunto

r

e

s

u

m

o

Objetivo:Avaliarsehápreferênciapelacitac¸ãodeperiódicosinternacionaisemdetrimento

dosnacionaisemtrêsrevistasnacionaisdeortopedia.

Métodos:Foramavaliadastodasasreferênciasdosartigospublicadosem2011pelasrevistas

ActaOrtopédicaBrasileira,Coluna/ColumnaeRevistaBrasileiradeOrtopedia,paraverificar aquantidadedeartigosprovenientesderevistasnacionaiseinternacionais.

夽

Pleasecitethisarticleas:TeixeiraRKC,YamakiVN,RosaRCR,deBarrosRSM,BotelhoNM.Domíniodecitac¸õesestrangeirasnos periódicosbrasileirosdeortopedia.RevBrasOrtop.2014;49:668–670.

夽夽

WorkdevelopedattheUniversityoftheStateofPará(UEPA),Belém,PA,Brazil.

∗ _{Corresponding}_author_.

E-mail:renankleberc@hotmail.com(R.K.C.Teixeira).

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rboe.2014.01.015

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rev bras ortop.2014;49(6):668–670

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Resultados: Foramanalisadas3.813referênciasdispostasem187artigos.Dessetotal,306

(8,02%)eramdeperiódicosnacionais.Nãohouvediferenc¸aentreastrêsrevistasanalisadas, 76(40,64%) dosartigosnãocitaramartigodeperiódiconacionaledois(1%)dosartigos citarammaisartigosnacionaisdoqueinternacionais.

Conclusão: Hánecessidadedeopesquisadornacionalcitarmaisosartigosprovenientesde

periódicosnacionais.

Introduction

Scientificpublicationcanbesummarizedastheactofbringing certain knowledgebased on establishedscientific method-ologyinto the publicdomain.Despitethe simplicityofthe concept, the importance of published papers needs to be highlighted,whichhasbecomerefinedwiththeadventof elec-tronicpublishing.Theimportanceofpublishedpapersliesin thefactthatfromthem,newknowledgeandoperative tech-niquesaredescribed.1

Brazil occupies a prominent position within world-wide publishing, withthe 20th highestnumber ofarticles produced2_and_12th_place_in_the_field_of_medicine.3_Not_only

thequantitybutalsothequalityofBrazilianarticlescanbe demonstrated bythe large number of Brazilianperiodicals identifiedwithmorethan100citations.4

However,evenwiththegreatgrowthinproductionof sci-entificarticles, Brazilianperiodicals havenotkept up with thisevolutionandaremuchbelowthelevelofinternational periodicals.5_Journals_are_evaluated_by_means_of_their_impact

factor,whichisbasedonthenumberofcitationsofpublished articles,overa2-yearperiod,dividedbythenumberofarticles publishedoverthissameperiod.6

Thus,oneofthefactorsthatlimitthegrowthof periodi-calsinBrazilisthelowlevelofcitationofarticlespublished inBrazilianjournals.PintoandAndrade7_stated_that

Brazil-ianresearchersprefertocitearticlesinjournalsfromother countries,evenifthesedonothaveanimpactfactoranddo nothavehighvalue.

Within the field of orthopedics, Figueiredo8 _studied

the reference lists in the Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia over a 36-year period (1966–2001) and found that out of the 8465 citations, only 470 (5.55%) came from Brazilian periodicals.

With the aim of ascertaining the current situation regardingcitationsofBrazilianjournalswithinorthopedics, the objective ofthis study was toassess whether there is anypreferenceofcitingjournalsfromothercountries,tothe detrimentofBraziliancitations,inthreeBrazilianjournalsof orthopedics.

Methods

This study was characterized as observational and cross-sectional. The reference lists of three Brazilian journals in the field of orthopedics (Acta Ortopédica Brasileira,

Coluna/Columna and Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia)were analyzed.

In these journals, the reference lists of all the articles publishedin2011wereanalyzed.Allthearticlesdefinedas originalwereincluded.Articlesclassifiedaseditorials,reviews oftheliteratureorcasereports,articleswithoutreferences and those inwhich morethan 75%ofthe referenceswere notscientificarticleswereexcluded.Articlesthatfulfilledthe inclusionandexclusioncriteriawereanalyzedbasedonthe referencesused.9

Thestudyprotocolassessedthetotalnumberofreferences used.Referencesrelatingtobooks,Internetpagesorcitations ofcitations(“apud”)wereignored.Thenumbersofreferences comingfrom Brazilian journals andfrom journals inother countrieswereascertained,alongwiththeratiobetween arti-clesinBrazilianjournalsandarticlesinjournalsfromother countries.

TheANOVAtestwasusedtoascertainwhethertherewere anydifferencesbetweenthejournals.Thenullityhypothesis wasrejectedwhenp<0.05.

Results

Inthesethreejournals,3813referencesdistributedamong187 articleswereanalyzed,withameanof20.39±8.39citations perarticle.Ofthese,306(8.02%)relatedtoBrazilianjournals and corresponded toanaverageof1.63±2.35citations per article.

InActaOrtopédicaBrasileira,53articlespresenting996 ref-erenceswerestudied.Ofthese,91(9.13%)relatedtoBrazilian journals.InColuna/Columna,1241references in59 articles wereidentified,ofwhich74(5.96%)camefromBrazilian jour-nals.InRevistaBrasileiradeOrtopedia,therewere75articles presenting 1576references, amongwhich 141(8.94%)were citationsofBrazilianjournals.Therewasnostatistical differ-encebetweenthethreejournalsanalyzed(p=0.55).

AnalysisontheratiobetweencitationsinBrazilian jour-nals and in journals from other countries showed that 76 (40.64%)ofthearticlesstudieddidnotciteanyarticle pub-lishedinBrazilianjournalsand onlytwoarticles(1%)used articlesinBrazilianjournalsmorethanthoseinjournalsfrom othercountries.

Discussion

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rev bras ortop.2014;49(6):668–670

sameperformanceandtheystillpresentlowimpactfactors. Thereareseveralreasonsforthis.Goffi10_raised_the_hypothesis

thattherearefewBrazilianjournalsindexedininternational databases,whichmakesitmoredifficulttosearchfornative production.

PintoandAndrade7_took_into_account_other_factors

respon-siblefor this lowvaluation,such asthe paucityofjournal subscriptionsamonginstitutionsorBrazilianauthors’ pref-erenceforjournalsinothercountries, evenifthesedonot haveanimpactfactorandevenifthejournalsdonothave greatvalue.Guimarães2_stated_that_the_preference_for_citing

foreignarticlesshouldonlybeacceptedinstudiesinwhich thesubjectisentirelynewandthereisascarcityofBrazilian contributions.

Inthepresentstudy,itwasfoundthatintheseorthopedics journals,eacharticle citedamean of11.46foreign articles foreach articleinaBrazilianjournal,whichmakesit diffi-cultforBrazilianscientificjournalstomoretowardreaching theimpactfactorlevelsoftheinternationaljournals.If Brazil-ianresearchersthemselvesdonotciteBrazilianjournals,why shouldforeignresearchersdoso?

ThelowcitationlevelsofBrazilianperiodicalscanalsobe understoodthroughthefactthatthepostgraduateprograms oftheBrazilianpublicuniversities,particularlythoseofstricto

sensutype,whicharetheonesmainlyresponsibleforBrazilian

publication,11_evaluated_the_Qualis_of_the_periodicals_in_which

theirarticlesarepublished.Thisleadstoexportationofthe beststudiesdeveloped,toforeignjournalswithhigherQualis values.6

This“flight”ofthebestnationalresultsleadstolossesfor thecountry,giventhatalargeproportionofthesearticlesare fundedbyBraziliannationalagenciesforresearchstimulation (Capes,CNPqandFAPs).Thisresultsinbenefitsonlyfor for-eignperiodicalsandleavesthelocalperiodicalsonlywiththe “leftovers”,3,9,10 _as_well_as_making_it_difficult_for_researchers

andphysicianstohaveaccesstothebestresearch.11

Theresultsfromthisstudyshowedthat8.02%ofthe cita-tions inthe mainBrazilian orthopedicsjournals related to Brazilianperiodicals.Thisisasignificantincreaseinrelation tothestudybyFigueiredo,inwhichthisratewas5.55%,and representsanimportantgainforBrazilianresearchand par-ticularlyforBrazilianorthopedicsjournals,which certainly shouldhavehighervalue.

Thisstudydidnothavetheaimofstimulatingscientific xenophobia.Ontheotherhand,althoughitiscommonsense thatvaluablescientificdatapublishedoutsideofBrazilshould

becited,9 _the_fact _that_more_than _40%_of_the_articles

stud-ieddidnotciteanyBrazilianarticlerepresentsdevaluationof Brazilianproduction.

Conclusion

There isapreferenceforcitingreferencesfrom journalsin othercountriesintheBrazilianperiodicalsstudiedhere.This indicatesthatthereisaneedtoencourageresearcherstocite Brazilianarticlesandthusimprovethequalityofthescientific journalswithinorthopedics.

Conflicts

of

interest

Theauthorsdeclarenoconflictsofinterest.

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