A new species of Aguna Williams (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae) from Panamá belonging to the “claxon group”

(1)

RevistaBrasileiradeEntomologia59(2015)320–322

ww w . r b e n t o m o l o g i a . c o m

REVISTA

BRASILEIRA

DE

Entomologia

AJournalonInsectDiversityandEvolution

Systematics,

Morphology

and

Biogeography

A

new

species

of

Aguna

Williams

(Lepidoptera,

Hesperiidae)

from

Panamá

belonging

to

the

“claxon

group”

Ricardo

Russo

Siewert

∗

,

Gabriela

Lourenc¸

o

Leviski,

Olaf

Hermann

Hendrik

Mielke,

Mirna

Martins

Casagrande

LaboratóriodeEstudosdeLepidopteraNeotropical,DepartamentodeZoologia,UniversidadeFederaldoParaná,Curitiba,PR,Brazil

a

r

t

i

c

l

e

i

n

f

o

Articlehistory: Received6April2015 Accepted4August2015 Availableonline9October2015 AssociateEditor:LuisParra Keywords: Butterﬂy CentralAmerica Eudaminae Skippers Taxonomy

a

b

s

t

r

a

c

t

AnewspeciesofAgunaWilliams,1927fromPanamáisdescribed:AgunaprasinusSiewert,Leviski,Mielke &Casagrande,sp.nov.Illustrationsofadultsandmalegenitaliaareprovided.Adichotomouskeyforthe maleAgunaspeciesforthe“claxongroup”isalsoprovided.

Introduction

AgunaWilliams,1927(Hesperiidae:Eudaminae)isa Neotrop-icalgenusofskipperscurrentlycomprisedby26knownspecies

(Mielke,2005).AustinandMielke(1998)partiallyrevisedthegenus

andrecognizedtenspeciesgroupsbasedontheshapeofthewings andinthegeneralpatternofthemalegenitaliamorphology.Among them,the“claxongroup”includesthreegreenishspecies,A.claxon Evans,1952,A.clinaEvans,1952andA.latifasciaAustinandMielke, 1998.Thisgroupischaracterizedbythelobedtornusofthehind wingandawell-deﬁnedwhitediscalbandontheventralhindwing. Furthermore,themalegenitaliahasalongandthingnathos,the valvapossessasmoothandroundedprocessoftheampulla,the harpeoverlaptheinteriorsurfaceoftheampullaandtheaedeagus hasbristlesontherightside(AustinandMielke,1998).

This paper aims to describe a new species of Aguna from Panamáthatbelongstothe“claxongroup”.Detailedillustrations oftheadults,malegenitalia,diagnosis,distributionalinformation, remarksandadichotomouskeyareprovided.

Materialandmethods

Forgenitaliadissection,theabdomenwasdetachedandsoaked ina heated 10%potassium hydroxide solution(KOH) for about

∗ Correspondingauthor.

E-mail:ricardo.siewert@gmail.com(R.R.Siewert).

5min. Subsequently, the abdomenwas dissected and the gen-italiaremoved toanalyzeits structures. Afterexamination,the genitalia was stored in vials with glycerol. The illustrations were prepared with the aid of a camera lucida attached to a stereoscopicmicroscope.GenitaliaterminologyfollowsCarneiro

et al. (2013). The specimens studied belongs to the following

collections:

OM–OlafHermannHendrikMielkecollection,Curitiba,Paraná, Brazil.

USNM–NationalMuseumofNaturalHistory,Smithsonian Insti-tution,Washington,D.C.,USA.

Taxonomy

AgunaprasinusSiewert,Leviski,Mielke&Casagrandesp.nov.

(Figs.1–9)

Diagnosis.A.prasinussp.nov.canbedistinguishedfromthe otherAgunaofthe“claxongroup”bythefollowingcharacters:the whitediscalbandontheventralhindwingasnarrowerthaninA. latifascia(Fig.12),similartoA.claxon(Fig.10)andA.clina(Fig.11) butwiththeanteriorportionthinnerthanthelasttwospecies,and thevalvawiththedorso-proximalprocessofharpenarrowerand triangular.

Male description. Head: green metallic with some sparses yellowscales;eyes glabrous,darkbrown;ﬁrstand second seg-mentsoflabialpalpusmixedwithdarkbrownandcreamyscales, third segment entirely dark brown, porrect; antenna dorsally

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rbe.2015.09.005

0085-5626/© 2015 Sociedade Brasileira de Entomologia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

(2)

R.R.Siewertetal./RevistaBrasileiradeEntomologia59(2015)320–322 321

Figs.1–2.AgunaprasinusSiewert,Leviski,Mielke&Casagrande,sp.nov.(1)dorsal viewand(2)ventralview.Scalebar=1cm.

Figs.3–8.MalegenitaliaofAgunaprasinussp.nov.(3)Lateralview;(4–5)tegumen, uncusandgnathos;(4)dorsalview;(5)ventralview.(6–7)Aedeagus;(6)lateral view;(7)dorsalview.(8)Internalviewofleftvalva.Scalebars=1mm.

dark brown and apical third ventrally creamy, nudum 20–22 (n=4).

Thorax:dorsallygreenmetallicwithsparsebrownscales, ven-trallyyellowish;legsbrown.

Forewing: 22–23mm (Holotype 23mm), average length=22.5mm (n=4). Upper side: background color brown; basalareawithsparsegreenmetallic scales;hyaline spotspale yellow; two rectangular spots between the costal margin and veinR;rectangularspotindiscalcell;falciformspotinM3-CuA1,

this one, distally separated from the discalspot by more than doubleofitswidth;squaredspotinCuA1–CuA2,thisbroadand

slightlyexcavateatitsdistalmargin;onesmallertriangularspot

in CuA1-2A; two subapical spots in R1–R2 and R2–R3, no spot

inR3–R4,anothersmallspotoffsetfardistallyinR5–M1; fringe

brown.Underside:similartoupperside,butpaler;analmargin lightbrown.

Hindwing.Upperside:backgroundcolorbrown;sparsegreen metallic scales occupying about 2/3 of its surface. Underside: background color paler brown; darker scales betweenCuA2 to

analmargin; slightlyirregularwhitebandbetweenSc+R1−2A,

with the thin anterior portion; anal margin with creamy scales.

Abdomen: dorsally dark brown with sparse green metallic scales,ventrallymixedwithdarkbrownandcreamyscales.

Malegenitalia(Figs.3–8):tegumendorsallyrectangular;uncus biﬁd, short; gnathos narrow; valva squared, ampullaseparated fromharpe,thelatteroverlaptheinterior surfaceofampullain adorso-proximal process,dorsalmarginserrated,sacculuswith thinhair-likescalesindistalmargin;aedeaguscylindrical,coecum aboutthehalflengthofaedeagus,rowofsmallbristlesdorsallyon thedistalend,cornutuspresent.

Female.Unknown.

Typematerial.Holotypemalewiththefollowinglabels (sepa-ratedbytransversalbars):/HOLOTYPUS/A.prasinusSiewert,Leviski, Mielke&Casagrandedet. 2015/PANAMA:[Darién],DariénCana 1200m13.I.1984leg.G.B.Small.DepositedattheUSNM.Paratypes. PANAMA–Darién,DariénCana,1200m,1male,14-IV-1983,Small leg.(USNM).DariénCana,CerroPirre,7◦ 56N,77◦43W,1000m, 1male,23-VIII-1982,Smallleg.,(USNM) 1male,5-IX-1982,OM 45.488(OM).

Etymology.ThespeciﬁcepithetisfromtheAncientGreek pras-inus,lightgreen,inreferencetothegreenishcoloronthedorsal wings.

Distribution.Thisspeciesiscurrentlyknownonlyfromitstype locality,DariénCana,Darién,Panama.

Remarks. A. prasinussp.nov. clearly belongs tothe “claxon group” based on the morphology of wings and male genitalia pattern. Externally, A. prasinusis most similarto A. claxonand A.clina butcanbedistinguishedbythewidthofthewhite dis-calbandonventralhind wings(Figs.9–11).Themorphologyof themalegenitalia,especiallythevalva,ismostsimilartoA. lat-ifascia but the white discal band onthe ventral hind wings is broaderand irregularinthelatter(Fig.12)(AustinandMielke,

1998).

Asalready pointedoutby AustinandMielke (1998),several Aguna species are very similar superficially, and for a correct identification tothe specific level a detailed study of the gen-italia morphology is required. That is the case for the four known species from the “claxon group” and it is important to note that probably new cryptic species are waiting to be described.

Figs.9–12.DetailoftheundersideofthewingsofAgunaspeciesfromthe“claxongroup”.(9)Agunaprasinussp.nov.;(10)AgunaclaxonEvans,1952;(11)AgunaclinaEvans, 1952;(12)AgunalatifasciaAustin&Mielke,1998.Scalebar=1cm.

(3)

322 R.R.Siewertetal./RevistaBrasileiradeEntomologia59(2015)320–322 KeytothemaleAgunaspeciesof“claxongroup”(modiﬁed

fromAustinandMielke,1998)

1. Dorsalwingsbrightergreen,dorso-proximalprocessofharpepointed distally...A.claxon

– Dorsalwingsdullblue-green,dorso-proximalprocessofharpebroadly roundeddistally...2

2. Ventralhindwingwhitebandverybroadandirregular...A.latifascia – Ventralhindwingwhitebandofmoderatewidth,relativelyregular...3 3. Dorso-proximalprocessofharpeverybroadandroundeddistally...A.

clina

– Dorso-proximalprocessofharpenarrower,triangular...A.prasinussp. nov.

Conﬂictsofinterest

Theauthorsdeclarenoconﬂictsofinterest.

Acknowledgements

RRS(fellowshipprocess140223/2013-4),GLL(134752/2013-9), OHHM(304639/2014-1)andMMC(308247/2013-2)thankto Con-selhoNacionaldeDesenvolvimentoCientíﬁcoeTecnológico(CNPq) forthegrantsupport.

References

Austin,G.T.,Mielke,O.H.H.,1998.HesperiidaeofRondônia,Brazil:AgunaWilliams (Pyrginae),withapartialrevisionanddescriptionsofnewspeciesfromPanama, EcuadorandBrazil.Rev.Bras.Zool.14,889–965.

Carneiro,E.,Mielke,O.H.H.,Casagrande,M.M.,2013.Thoraxandabdomen mor-phologyofsomeNeotropicalHesperiidae(Lepidoptera).InsectaMundi327, 1–47.

Mielke,O.H.H.,2005.CatalogueoftheAmericanHesperioidea:Hesperiidae (Lepi-doptera),vol.1–6.SociedadeBrasileiradeZoologia,Curitiba.