Autumn Academy 2016 Strategic Approaches to Migrant Integration in Europe

Autumn Academy 2016

Strategic Approaches to Migrant Integration in Europe

September 2016

Oxford University

Immigration in Numbers

Dimensions:

- Entrances

- Resident population

- Age structure

- Qualifications

- Labour market integration

- Active citizenship

- …

Available online: http://www.om.acm.gov.pt/publicacoes-om/colecao-imigracao-em-numeros

Migration flows towards Portugal

Increased since 1999 Decreasing since 2009 But…

Source: SEF (Ministério da Administração Interna)

-20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 300,000 350,000 400,000 450,000 500,000 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 % Nº

Prorrogação de Vistos de Longa Duração

Concessão e Prorrogação de Autorizações de Permanência (AP) Titulares de autorização de residência

“New” portuguese

Nationality Law –

300.000 “new” citizens

Source: SEF e Conservatória dos Registos Centrais 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 45,000 50,000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 *2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Nº Entrados Findos

Outflows of portuguese emigrants

Demographic decline

• Since 2010 Portugal returned to negative natural growth rates and negative net migration = population loss

Source: INE – Estatísticas de nados-vivos, óbitos e Estimativas anuais da População -80,000 -60,000 -40,000 -20,000 0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Nº

But new immigration flows are emerging

International students Retired EU citizens

Top 10 nationalities by gender

Labour market integration

Foreigners have higher rates of labour market integration than nationals. Women – cleaning (29,6%), saleswoman (11,8%), cook (6,8%)

Men – civil construction (14,9%) and salesman(6,0%).

Principais profissões da população empregada (Mulheres estrangeiras) Nº %

Total 97198

Trabalhadores de limpeza em casas particulares, hotéis,.. 28771 29,60

Vendedores em lojas 11452 11,78

Cozinheiro 6628 6,82

Principais profissões da população empregada (Homens estrangeiros) Nº %

Total 99098

Trabalhadores qualificados da construção 13696 14,09

Vendedores em lojas 5809 5,98

The propension to create a bussiness is 6 times more for a foreigner than for a national

The contributions for social security were of over 309M€ in 2014. 403.5 403.3 420.1 423.4 442.7 372.5 433.9 _383.2 368.6 321.4 253.0 243.0 309.2 0.0 100.0 200.0 300.0 400.0 500.0 600.0 700.0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Milhões de euros

ACM: mission and competences

Interministerial Public Institute

Cooperate in the definition, implementation and evaluation of

the public policies in matters of migration (…)

For the integration of immigrants and ethnic groups (…)

For the management of diversity amongst cultures, etnicl

minorities and religions.

Strategical Plan for Migration (PEM)

Council of Ministers Resolution n.º 12-B/2015, de 20 de março

http://www.acm.gov.pt/-/plano-estrategico-para-as-migracoes-pem-Strategical Plan for Migration (PEM)

Five Main Axis:

I – Coordination of the migration flows

II – Migrant integration

III – Promotion of the social inclusion of immigrant descendants

IV – Reinforcement of the quality of migration services

V – Connection and support to emigrants.

106 practical measures

One-stop-shop model

• National Immigrant Support Centres;

• Local Immigrant Support Centres

• Migrant Hotline (808 257 257);

• Telephone translation service (60 languages);

• Portuguese for All Program;

• Migrant Entrepreneurship Program;

• ESF and AMIF intermediary body.

Multi-level governance

• Local Integration Plans (Municipalities); • Local Index for Intercultural Openness; • Local mediators;

• Mentors for Migrants; • Next Door Family.

Based on participation

• Council for Migration;

• Commission Against Racial Discrimination; • Support to Immigrant Associations.

Awareness

• Migration Observatory (www.om.acm.gov.pt);

• ACM Portal (www.acm.gov.pt);

• Research and publications;

• National TV and radio programs; • Public events;

• Training and media awards;

• Network of Intercultural Schools; • Network of Intercultural Enterprises; • Diversity training for schools, NGOs.

What do we mean with integration?

Should migrants maintain their cultures of origin? YES YES NO NO INTEGRATION ASSIMILATION EXCLUSION SEGREGATION

Reasons for the success of the integration policies in PT

• 1. Migration history of the country: reciprocity as principle in a country with 4.5M emigrants.

• 2. Strong political consensus: benefits of immigration are clearly perceived;

• 3. Interministerial co-ordination with a clear leadership of the “integration agenda”; • 4. Public opinion – Eurobarometer, in 2011, only 3% consider immigration as a problem; • 5. Partnerships and multi-level governance – immigrant associations are part of the

Thank you for your attention!

pedro.calado@acm.gov.pt

www.acm.gov.pt