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TAXONOMY OF FUSARIUM SPECIES ISOLATED FROM CULTIVATED PLANTS, WEEDS AND THEIR PATHOGENICITY FOR WHEAT

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1 ISSN 1330-7142

UDK = 632.25:633.11

TAKSONOMIJA FUSARIUM VRSTA IZOLIRANIH S KULTIVIRANOG BILJA,

KOROVA I NJIHOVA PATOGENOST ZA PŠENICU

Mr.sc. Jasenka Ćosić

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Disertacija (2)

SAŽETAK

Fusarium vrste široko su rasprostranjene i uzročnici su bolesti velikog broja kultiviranog bilja u svim

značajnijim agroklimatskim područjima svijeta. Tijekom četverogodišnjih istraživanja (1996.-1999.) s

pšenice, ječma, kukuruza i soje, te deset korovnih vrsta prikupljenih s deset lokaliteta u istočnoj Slavoniji i Baranji izolirali smo deset Fusarium vrsta iz šest sekcija i Microdochium nivale. Dominantna vrsta na pšenici i ječmu je F. graminearum, na kukuruzu F. moniliforme, a na soji F. oxysporum. Na korovnim vrstama utvrdili smo prisutnost: F. graminearum na Amaranthus hybridus, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Lamium purpureum, Sorghum halepense i Urtica dioica, F. moniliforme na Abutilon theophrasti, F. subglutinans na Polygonum aviculare, F. avenaceum na Capsella bursa-pastoris, Rumex crispus i Matricaria sp., F. culmorum na Abutilon theophrasti, F. sporotrichioides na Polygonum aviculare, F. proliferatum i F. poae na Artemisia vulgaris. Provjera patogenosti za klijance pšenice obavljena je u laboratoriju na sortama ozime pšenice Slavonija i Demetra s ukupno 146 izolata. Najpatogenije vrste za klijance pšenice su F. graminearum, F. culmorum i F. sporotrichioides, a najmanje patogeni su F. moniliforme, F. solani, F. oxysporum i F. poae. Provjera patogenosti za klasove pšenice obavljena je na genotipovima Osk. 8c9/3-94 i Osk. 6.11/2 s ukupno 25 izolata Najpatogenija vrsta na klasovima pšenice bila je F. graminearum, a najmanje patogeni su F. moniliforme i F. subglutinans. Provedena istraživanja su pokazala da nema značajnih razlika u patogenosti izolata istih Fusarium vrsta podrijetlom s kultiviranog bilja i korovnih vrsta. Korovne biljke osiguravaju stalne izvore inokuluma Fusarium vrsta za uzgajane biljke te imaju ulogu epidemioloških mostova između vegetacija.

Ključne riječi: Fusarium spp., kultivirano bilje, korovno bilje, patogenost

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(2) Disertacija je obranjena na Sveučilištu Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku, Poljoprivrednom fakultetu u

Osijeku 2001. godine

Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku, Poljoprivredni fakultet u Osijeku, Trg sv. Trojstva 3, 31000

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TAXONOMY OF FUSARIUM SPECIES ISOLATED FROM CULTIVATED PLANTS,

WEEDS AND THEIR PATHOGENICITY FOR WHEAT

MSc Jasenka Ćosić

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Doctoral thesis (2)

Fusarium species are wide-spread and known to be pathogenic agents to cultivated plants in various agroclimatic areas. During a four year investigation 10 Fusarium species and Microdochium nivale were isolated from wheat, barley, maize and soybean as well as from 10 weeds collected from 10 locations in Slavonia and Baranya. Fusarium graminearum was dominant on wheat and barley, F. moniliforme on maize and F. oxysporum on soybean. Regarding weeds, the presence of the following Fusarium species was established: F. graminearum on Amaranthus hybridus, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Lamium purpureum, Sorghum halepense and Urtica dioica, F. moniliforme on Abutilon theophrasti, F. subglutinans on Polygonum aviculare, F. avenaceum on Capsella bursa-pastoris, Rumex crispus and Matricaria sp., F. culmorum on Abutilon theophrasti, F. sporotrichioides on Polygonum aviculare, F. proliferatum and F. poae on Artemisia vulgaris. Pathogenicity test to wheat seedlings was done in our laboratory on winter wheat cultivars Slavonija and Demetra (totally 146 isolates). The most pathogenic species to wheat seedilings were F. graminearum, F. culmorum and F. sporotrichioides and the least pathogenic F. moniliforme, F. solani, F. oxysporum and F. poae. Pathogenicity test for wheat ears was done on genotypes Osk.8c9/3-94 and Osk.6.11/2 (totally 25 isolates). The results obtained by our investigation showed that there were no significant differences in pathogenicity of Fusarium species isolated from both cultivated plants and weeds. Weeds represent a constant source of inoculum of F. species for cultivated plants and they serve as epidemiologic bridges among vegetations.

Key words: Fusarium spp., cultivated plants, weed plants, pathogenicity

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(2) Doctoral thesis was defended at Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, The Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek, 2001

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