Aplicação de modelos de predição de programação a redes de computadores sem fio.


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F I C H A C A T A L O G R Á F I C A E L A B O R A D A P E L A B I B L I O T E C A C E N T R A L DA U F C G

C355a Castro, Ewerton Rómulo Silva

2006 Aplicação de modelos de propagação a redes de computadores sem fio /

Ewerton Rómulo Silva Castro. — Campina Grande, 2006.

198f. : i l .

Referências.

Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Elétrica) - Universidade Federal de

Campina Grande, Centro de Engenharia e Informática.

Orientadores: Prof. Dr. Marcos Barbosa de Melo e Prof. Dr. Glauco

Fontgalland.

1—Enlace de Dados 2—Perdas de Propagação 3—WLAM 4—Ambiente

Urbano I—Título

CDU 621.371.31

APLICAÇÃO DE MODELOS DE PREDIÇÃO DE PROPAGAÇÃO A

R E D E S DE COMPUTADORES S E M F I O

E W E R T O N RÓMULO SILVA CASTRO

Dissertação Aprovada em 11.05.2006

MARCOS A N T O p O BARBOSA DE M E L O , Dr., U F C G

Orientador

^ GLAUCO FONTGALL^rjjDr., UFCG )

Orientador

A L F R E D O GOMES NETO, D.Sc, C E F E T - P B

Componente da Banca

MUNDO C A R L O S SILVÉRIO F R E I R E , Dr., U F C G

Orientador

ROMl I O RAIMUNDO-MARANHÃO DO V A L L E , Mestre, U F C G

Componente da Banca

C A M P I N A GRANDE - PB

M A I O - 2006

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− 5, 4

)=!* = >   ' 

L

op

= L

p

{AreaUrbana} − 4, 78(log f

c

)

2

− 18, 33 log f

c

− 40, 94

)=I*

@ 9& !  3( "# $# (#$1# 3#/03$# 3#(# (#$1# $ C

&(& ,&  = 6 /$# &(

'5 /:1 8  & !"# $  ' 10#B 8 #8 * !"# $  $ $ 3#(8& $#  ( #

( ('/ &' /#  /# /1 3 $ $ $# / $&  3 $ $B 53 (# 9&  3#/$ !  $

5 1$ $ $  9& !  3( "#  ((  8  # 3 # &$ $#B 3#( 3!"# $  9
;/3 = @   &1 $ 2 $ G(HH,G (  %& = @(  /# 8  3#/$!"# $ 8#8 * !"# ( ('/

&' /# 9& /# / & !"# $# /1 3 / $&  3 $ $ # (#$1# $ C

&(& ,&  + /"#

2

# 1(/ 5:1$# 8  &1 !"# $5$#   9
;/3 9& &1 (#   3( $ 9
;/3

(:( &*$ 8# &  )

B 'H* )'HH %& 3( *  $  ($ !    8# C &(& ) 
B'I*) 8#( $ (/ !HH %& 3( *= $(   3#/$! B 1& $ // $ .EAB 1& $ // $ .% ). !"# %+51 *B 9& /# /## 3 # 2   $ /3 .EA

, .%B # (#$1# 8#$  &1 $# ( 9& 1 9& 8# $ 1 !"#=

# / /#B ((#  9
;/3 &1 $  /$# 3( $# (#$1# 8 #8## ( )

B 'H*B  9& !  $# (#$1# "# &1 $  /$# ( 5  (8# /3 $# ((#  8  # $ 3#(8  !"# 3#( # $(   (#$1# (  $9& $#  8  8#<5  #' 5 !   3#/31&  $#  &1 $#=  #( B $# (#$1# $ C

&(& ,&  B "# &1 $   9& !  =B =G  =! /

& !"# $ 8#8 * !"# ( ('/ &' /# $ $ ( # $ 3#(8& $#=

       

4( (#$1# '  $# /# (#$1# $ C&(& ,&  # 8&'13 $# 81# 77E )7#/&1 5 7#(,

( # //  #/ 1 E $ #B 0#B 4,E , //  #/ 1 13#((&/3 #/ 4/ #/ , E $ #,

3#((&/3 #/ F3#* ) B ''*  2 $ $# 8#?

L = 69, 55 + 26, 16 log f

c

− 13, 82 log h

b

− a + (44, 9 − 6, 55 log h

b

) log R − B

 C/$ # (#  2 # ((# $ 9& !"# = @ 9& !  =  =+ "#  ((  3#( 3!"# $# (# AB 33/ $# /# ( $ 9& !"# =+= . (#B AB 2 &(  # $ 3# !"#B 8#3/ *( $ 82$# #' #  /# AB $ $# 8#?

B = 30 − 25 log B

1

)=* .( 9&? A 2 ) #3/ *( $ 82$ # #' #  /# 5  $  !H= .  #$ 3#!"# 2 (10 / # $3 #/ $# 8# &  )

B'H* / 9& !  =!  =I 8  3# !  / 8 $ !"# $  8$ $ 8 #8 * !"# ( :  &'&' /  '    83,

5 (/= C' 5 , 9& C&(& ) 
B 'I* 3#/ $ #& # ('/ &' /# 3#(#

& !"# 8 $"#= #/ , /"# /3:  /31&"# $  #  $ 3#!"# 8   (' /

$ '#  :   &'&' / = @ $&  9& !  3(  ('2( "# &1 $ B /  ' 10#B

81#  # $  ( $# &* $  81# 77E )4*B +*"# // 3 #/ 1 $  *&1 (/ !"# ( 13#(&/ 3 ! =              

C %#$1# $ &  ,./$$# # $/5#15$# $& / # &$# 8  81 3 !  $ )7F )),

#/ 1 7#((&/3 #/ F53 , F5!# $ 7#(&/3 !  )#  *B 9& &1 (   $

B! G -& B 81# 3#(; $ &$# .&#8& , 7CF G )7CF , 7##8 #/ / 61$ #

F3 /3 /$ 30/3 1

2

&( +&( $ 3##8 !"# ( 89& $ 4/"# .&#82 * )

B ''* ) 
B GHH!* ) B ''*=

 3#$# 3#( # 7

CF

 GB # (#$1# $ &  &'(  8$  $ 8#8 * !"#  &(

%#$1# $ &  ,./$$# # $/5#15$# 8  3#!"# ( 1*&(  & ! = 7#(# 8#$

 #' 5 $# / 9& !"# *&B  (#$1# & 1*&/ 8 (# $ 9& !"# 8  9&

(( /0 5 1$ $ /   $ 9
;/3  $ !HH GHHH %& =

L

xhata

= 46, 33 + (44, 9 − 6, 55 log h

b

) log R + 33, 9 log f

c

− a − 13, 82 log h

b

+ C

)='*

C/$B 7

2

&( 8 (# $ & 3#(8 /$/$#  8#<51  & !  *&/?



C (# 

2

# ((# &1 $# /  9& !  =G =(  ' /* # $#  8# $ :  ?

&' / #& &'&' / =

@ 5 1 $ $  $: $/ # $  !  ' #?

1500 ≤ f

c

≤ 2000MHz

)=H*

1 ≤ R ≤ 10km

)=*

30 ≤ h

b

≤ 200m

)=G*

1 ≤ h

m

≤ 10m

)=*

. (#$1#  # 8 / $# *& "# '  $# /# $ C&(& ,&  ) 
B

'I*= . / 3 # "# # & 8  $(/& # # 3#($#= .( ('#B #' 5 , &(

&(/# $   $  9
;/3 $ 5 1$ $ $# (#$1#= #  3#( 9& #  # 9& 3#($#

&1 /$#  (#$1# $(/& = C (#$1#B *&B 8( &1 !"# ( !"# $ 9
;/3 = 
          @8/ (# *# B #&# (#$1# (8#  /  /3 $# 8# $5 # # #'  # &/# )


B '''*  9& *& (( 1/0 $  3#3</ # $# $#  1(# 8/ $#= #5 (/B"#   (#$3 ! / 9& ! $ &  )

B'H*  52$ /3#8# !"# $ /#5#  # )


B '''*B 8/ $# ' #B 9& 8( 9& 83 "# $ 

+(&1  $ &  8# (  15 $  $/ # $   # 1 $ 5 1 $ $ $  3& 5  $ C &(& = @ 9& !  (#$3 $  $ &  "# (# $  ' #? = 6&/!  $  / !"#?

F

1

=

300

4

f

4

c

+ 300

4

)=(*

F

2

=

f

4

c

300

4

_{+ f}

4

c

)=!*

 G= 6 # $ 3# !"# $ 3&5 & $  ?

S

ks

= [27 +

f

c

230

] log[

17.(h

b

+ 20)

17(h

b

+ 20) + R

2

] + 1, 3 −

|f

c

− 55|

750

)=I* C/$?

f

c

=

69
;/3 HH , HHH )%& *

h

b

=

@1& 5 $ // $  !"#  $ # '  H , HH )(*

h

m

=

@1& $ // $  !"# (+51  , H )(*

R =

 /3  , HH )(* = C 6 # $ 3# !"# 8  :  &' /   &'&' /  8#$  /3#/ $# $?

S

o

= (1 − U

r

)[(1 − 2U

r

)L

po

+ 4U

r

L

ps

]

)=+*

4 ? H #&   5 1  # 8  3$ $ 89&/ #& (2$  &( 8  3/ # &' /#

U

r

=

>   '  & 5 1# 2 # F&'&' /  &5 1# 2 HB!   8  :  &' / =

L

po



L

ps

"# #' $# 8  $  9& !  =!  =I= ( = 6 # * 1 $ 3#!"# $ 1& $ // (+51?

a

x

= (1 − U)a + U[a

2

F

1

+ a

4

F

2

]

)=* @9& # (#  2 9& !"# =G  # (#

a

2



a

4

 (  9& !  =  =(B  835 (/= != C 6 # $ 8#3/ *( $ 82$ # #' # /#B 2 # ((# $ 9& !"# =?

B

o

= 25. log(B

1

) − 30

)='* C/$?

B

1

( 5 1# $ HB! 8  :   &'&' /    8  :  &' / = @(B 8$ (2$ $ 8 #8 * !"# 2 $ $ 8#?

L

mh

= −(L

p

+ S

o

+ a

x

+ S

ks

+ B

o

)

)=GH*