Ʌ
.
Ɋ
.
ɒɨɫɬɚɤɨɜɢɱ
-Ʉɨɪɟɰɶɤɚ
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Ɇɚɜɪɭɬɟɧɤɨɜ
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.
ȼ
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Ȼɭɞɚɽɜɚ
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ɋ
.
Ⱥ
.
Ƚɚɥɭɳɟɧɤɨ
¹,
Ɍ
.
Ɇ
.
Ʉɨɜɚɥɶɨɜɚ
²,
Ⱥ
.
Ƚ
.
ɀɭɤɨɜɰɨɜɚ
²,
Ɉ
.
Ʌ
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ɋɜɽɲɧɿɤɨɜɚ
²
ɋ
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ɂ
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Ɂ
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ɑ
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ȿ
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ɇ
ɇ
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ɒ
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Ʌ
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ɋ
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ɇ
ɇ
ɂ
ɂ
Ʉ
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ȱ
ȱ
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ɇ
ɇ
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ɍ
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ȿ
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ȾɁ «Ⱦɧɿɩɪɨɩɟɬɪɨɜɫɶɤɚ ɦɟɞɢɱɧɚ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɿɹ ɆɈɁ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ»1
ɤɚɮɟɞɪɚ ɿɧɮɟɤɰɿɣɧɢɯ ɯɜɨɪɨɛ
ɜɭɥ.Ⱦɡɟɪɠɢɧɫɶɤɨɝɨ, 9, Ⱦɧɿɩɪɨɩɟɬɪɨɜɫɶɤ, 49044, ɍɤɪɚʀɧɚ
ɄɁɈ „ɋɩɟɰɿɚɥɿɡɨɜɚɧɚ ɲɤɨɥɚ ʋ 67 ɟɤɨɥɨɝɨ-ɟɤɨɧɨɦɿɱɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɿɥɸ”ȾɆɊ2
Ⱦɧɿɩɪɨɩɟɬɪɨɜɫɶɤ, 49000, ɍɤɪɚʀɧɚ
SE «Dnipropetrovsk medical academy of Health Ministry of Ukraine» 1 Department of Infectious Diseases
Dzerzhinsky str., 9, Dnipropetrovsk, 49044, Ukraine
MEE «Specialized Ecology - Ekonomical school N 67» of Dnipropetrovsk City Coinsil 2 Dnipropetrovsk, 49044, Ukraine
e-mail: vvmavr@yandex.ua
Ʉɥɸɱɨɜɿ ɫɥɨɜɚ:ɩɪɨɮɨɪɿɽɧɬɚɰɿɹ,ɫɚɦɨɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ,ɫɬɚɪɲɨɤɥɚɫɧɢɤɢ,ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɹ Key words:ɫareer guidance, self-determination, senior pupils, profession
Ɋɟɮɟɪɚɬ. Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɚɦɨɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɚɪɲɟɤɥɚɫɫɧɢɤɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦ ɷɬɚɩɟ.
Ɋɟɜɟɧɤɨ Ƚ.Ⱥ., ɒɨɫɬɚɤɨɜɢɱ-Ʉɨɪɟɰɤɚɹ Ʌ.Ɋ., Ɇɚɜɪɭɬɟɧɤɨɜ ȼ.ȼ., Ȼɭɞɚɟɜɚ ɂ.ȼ., Ƚɚɥɭɳɟɧɤɨ ɋ.Ⱥ., Ʉɨɜɚɥɟɜɚ Ɍ.ɇ,
ɀɭɤɨɜɰɨɜɚ Ⱥ.Ƚ., ɋɜɟɲɧɢɤɨɜɚ Ɉ.Ʌ.ɐɟɥɶɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɛɵɥ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɦɨɬɢɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɨɜ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ
ɨɪɢɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɫɬɚɪɲɟɤɥɚɫɫɧɢɤɨɜ.ɉɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ,ɱɬɨ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɥɨɞɟɠɢ ɢɦɟɟɬ
ɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ:ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɢ ɥɢɱɧɨɟ ɛɥɚɝɨɩɨɥɭɱɧɟ,ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɵɠɢɬɶ ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦ ɫɨɰɢɭɦɟ,
ɜɵɝɨɞɧɨɟ ɬɪɭɞɨɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ, ɧɚɣɬɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɭɬɧɢɤɚ ɠɢɡɧɢ, „ɡɚɜɟɫɬɢ ɯɨɪɨɲɢɯ ɫɩɨɧɫɨɪɨɜ”, „ɢɦɟɬɶ
ɛɨɝɚɬɵɯ ɩɨɤɪɨɜɢɬɟɥɟɣ”, „ɢɡɛɟɠɚɬɶ ɫɥɭɠɛɵ ɜ ɚɪɦɢɢ”. ɇɟ ɰɟɧɹɬɫɹ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɟ ɭɫɬɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ („ɫɥɭɠɟɧɢɟ”
ɥɸɞɹɦ, ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɭ, ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɭ). Ɉɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɝɥɭɛɨɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɭ
ɜɵɩɭɫɤɧɢɤɨɜ ɧɟ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɟɟ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɟ.ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɡɚɞɚɱɚ
ɲɤɨɥɵ (ɫɟɦɶɢ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ) ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɜ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜɵɛɨɪ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɢ ɹɜɥɹɥɫɹ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɩɨɫɬɟ
-ɩɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ. ɑɬɨɛɵ ɪɟɲɢɬɶ ɷɬɢ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ,ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ,ɜ
ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ, ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɭɸ ɩɪɨɮɨɪɢɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɭɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɜ ɲɤɨɥɚɯ, ɧɚɱɢɧɚɹ ɩɨɫɬɟ
-ɩɟɧɧɨ ɜɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɜ ɦɢɪ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɣ ɫɨ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ.
Abstract. The particularities of senior pupils’ professional self-determination at up-to-date world. Revenko G.Ɉ., Shostakovych-Koretska L.R., Ɇasvrutenkov V.V., Budayeva ȱ.V., Galushenko S.Ⱥ., Kovaliova Ɍ.Ɇ., Zhukovtsova Ⱥ.G., Svechnikova Ɉ.L.The aim of the work was assaying motivational aspects of senior pupils’ career guidance. Today the emotional focus of young people is pragmatic: material and personal well-being, the ability to survive in modern society, profitable employment, meeting well-to-do life partner, "having good sponsors," " rich patron", "avoiding army service". Civil loadings such as service of the country and society aren’t appreciated. The lack of sufficiently deep professional orientation of graduates does not preclude its formation during pariod of training at higher educational institutions. Therefore, the task of the school (family and community) consists in choosing of profession which is logical consequence of gradually increasing professional orientation. To solve these problems, first of all, it is necessary to conduct systematic vocational guidance at schools, starting to gradually introduce children into the world of professions beginning with middle classes.
ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɫɚɦɨɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɫɬɚɪ-ɲɨɤɥɚɫɧɢɤɿɜ, ɭɹɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɨ ɫɜɨɽ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣɧɟ "ə" ɬɢɯ, ɯɬɨ ɡɚɜɬɪɚ ɜɢɣɞɟ ɧɚ ɪɢɧɨɤ ɩɪɚɰɿ ɿ ɛɭɞɟ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɸ ɫɢɥɨɸ ɫɭɫɩɿɥɶɫɬɜɚ,ɽ ɧɚɞɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɨ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɸ. ɉɪɨɮɟɫɿɣɧɟ ɫɚɦɨɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɨɫɨ -ɛɢɫɬɨɫɬɿ - ɰɟ ɫɤɥɚɞɧɢɣ ɿ ɬɪɢɜɚɥɢɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫ, ɳɨ
ɋɈɐȱȺɅɖɇȺ ɆȿȾɂɐɂɇȺ
ɨɫɨɛɢɫɬɢɯ ɡɞɚɬɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɚɞɚɩɬɭɜɚɬɢɫɹ ɳɨɞɨ ɫɨ -ɰɿɚɥɶɧɨ-ɟɤɨɧɨɦɿɱɧɢɯ ɭɦɨɜ [3].
Ɋɨɡɩɚɞ ɋɊɋɊ ɿ ɡɦɿɧɚ ɩɨɥɿɬɢɤɢ ɧɚ ɩɨɱɚɬɤɭ 90-ɯ ɪɨɤɿɜ ɩɪɢɡɜɟɥɢ ɞɨ ɡɧɢɠɟɧɧɹ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɩɪɨɮ -ɨɪɿɽɧɬɚɰɿʀ ɫɟɪɟɞ ɦɨɥɨɞɿ.ɍ ɡɜ'ɹɡɤɭ ɡ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɨɦ ɧɚ ɪɢɧɤɨɜɭ ɟɤɨɧɨɦɿɤɭ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɚ ɜɿɞɦɨɜɢɥɚɫɹ ɜɿɞ ɩɥɚɧɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɿ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɿɣ ɭ ɫɮɟɪɿ ɨɫɜɿɬɢ ɬɚ ɩɪɚ -ɰɟɜɥɚɲɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɫɜɨʀɯ ɝɪɨɦɚɞɹɧ. ɋɬɢɯɿɣɧɿɫɬɶ ɫɭ -ɱɚɫɧɨɝɨ ɪɢɧɤɭ ɩɪɚɰɟɜɥɚɲɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɩɪɢɡɜɟɥɚ ɞɨ ɩɨɹɜɢ ɜ ɧɚɲɨɦɭ ɫɭɫɩɿɥɶɫɬɜɿ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɰɿɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɹɜɢɳɚ ɹɤ ɛɟɡɪɨɛɿɬɬɹ, ɳɨ, ɜ ɫɜɨɸ ɱɟɪɝɭ,ɡɭɦɨɜɢɥɨ ɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɹ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɧɨʀ ɫɥɭɠɛɢ ɡɚɣɧɹɬɨɫɬɿ. ȼɟɤɬɨɪ ɫɭɱɚɫɧɨɝɨ ɪɢɧɤɭ ɩɪɚɰɿ ɫɩɪɹɦɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɧɟ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɮ -ɨɪɿɽɧɬɚɰɿɣɧɭ ɪɨɛɨɬɭ, ɚ ɧɚ ɫɩɪɢɹɧɧɹ ɭ ɩɪɚ -ɰɟɜɥɚɲɬɭɜɚɧɧɿ. ɉɨɱɢɧɚɸɱɢ ɡ ɤɿɧɰɹ 90-ɯ ɬɚ ɧɚ ɩɨɱɚɬɤɭ 2000-ɯ ɪɨɤɿɜ ɭ ɲɤɨɥɚɯ ɚɤɬɢɜɿɡɭɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɿɫɬɶ ɡ ɚɤɬɢɜɿɡɚɰɿʀ ɩɪɨɮɨɪɿɽɧɬɚɰɿɣɧɨʀ ɪɨɛɨ -ɬɢ,ɹɤɚ,ɧɚ ɠɚɥɶ, ɿ ɩɨ ɬɟɩɟɪɿɲɧɿɣ ɱɚɫ ɡɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɱɚɬɤɨɜɨɦɭ ɪɿɜɧɿ. ɇɚɫɚɦɩɟɪɟɞ ɧɟɦɚɽ ɽɞɢɧɨʀ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɿɡɨɜɚɧɨʀ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɢ, ɳɨ ɞɨɡɜɨɥɢɥɨ ɛɢ ɮɨɪɦɭɜɚɬɢ ɦɚɣɛɭɬɧɿɣ ɪɢɧɨɤ ɩɪɚɰɟɜɥɚɲɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ, ɜɢɞɿɥɹɬɢ ɩɪɿɨɪɢɬɟɬɧɿ ɧɚɩɪɹɦɤɢ [1, 2].
Ⱦɨ ɬɪɭɞɧɨɳɿɜ ɠɢɬɬɽɜɨɝɨ ɫɚɦɨɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɜ ɸɧɚɤɿɜ ɫɶɨɝɨɞɧɿ ɞɨɞɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɪɿɡɧɨɦɚɧɿɬɬɹ ɫɤɥɚɞɧɢɯ ɫɨɰɿɚɥɶɧɢɯ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ, ɡɭɦɨɜɥɟɧɢɯ ɩɟɪɟɬɜɨɪɟɧ -ɧɹɦɢ ɜ ɧɚɲɨɦɭ ɫɭɫɩɿɥɶɫɬɜɿ. ɋɢɬɭɚɰɿɹ, ɤɨɥɢ ɜɿɞ -ɛɭɜɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɪɿɡɤɚ ɡɦɿɧɚ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɭ ɠɢɬɬɹ ɬɚ ɫɨɰɿɚɥɶ -ɧɨʀ ɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɤɢ, ɤɨɥɢ ɬɪɚɩɥɹɽɬɶɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɨɰɿɧɤɚ ɬɚ ɜɿɞɬɨɪɝɧɟɧɧɹ ɞɟɹɤɢɯ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɿɣɧɢɯ, ɦɨɪɚɥɶɧɢɯ ɬɚ ɫɜɿɬɨɝɥɹɞɧɢɯ ɭɹɜɥɟɧɶ, ɚ ɧɨɜɿ „ɰɿɧɧɨɫɬɿ” ɜɢɤɥɢ -ɤɚɸɬɶ ɛɚɝɚɬɨ ɫɭɦɧɿɜɿɜ, ɩɪɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɞɨ ɩɨɹɜɢ ɧɨɜɢɯ ɫɬɟɪɟɨɬɢɩɿɜ ɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɤɢ ɭ ɦɨɥɨɞɿ. ȼ ɭɦɨɜɚɯ ɡɚɝɚɥɶɧɨʀ ɧɟɫɬɚɛɿɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɡɚɝɨɫɬɪɸɽɬɶɫɹ ɣɦɨ -ɜɿɪɧɿɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɣɧɹɬɬɹ ɫɩɨɧɬɚɧɧɢɯ, ɧɟɩɪɨɞɭɦɚɧɢɯ,ɚ ɿɧɨɞɿ ɣ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɧɶɨ ɚɛɫɭɪɞɧɢɯ ɪɿɲɟɧɶ [6].
Ɂɚ ɨɰɿɧɤɚɦɢ ɮɚɯɿɜɰɿɜ [5], ɫɬɚɪɲɨɤɥɚɫɧɢɤɢ ɫɬɚɸɬɶ ɤɪɢɬɢɱɧɿɲɢɦɢ, ɫɚɦɨɫɬɿɣɧɿɲɢɦɢ, ɩɪɚɝɦɚ -ɬɢɱɧɿɲɢɦɢ,ɛɿɥɶɲ ɚɦɛɿɰɿɣɧɢɦɢ;ɧɿɱɨɝɨ ɧɟ ɫɩɪɢɣ -ɦɚɸɬɶ ɧɚ ɜɿɪɭ, ɧɟ ɩɨɫɩɿɲɚɸɬɶ ɩɨɝɨɞɠɭɜɚɬɢɫɹ ɡ ɱɭɠɢɦɢ ɞɭɦɤɚɦɢ, ɫɭɞɠɟɧɧɹɦɢ, ɨɰɿɧɤɚɦɢ, ɜɢɦɚɝɚɸɬɶ ɞɨɤɚɡɨɜɨɫɬɿ. Ⱥɥɟ ɧɟɡɜɚɠɚɸɱɢ ɧɚ „ɸɧɚɰɶɤɢɣ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɿɡɦ”, ɫɭɱɚɫɧɿ ɫɬɚɪɲɨɤɥɚɫ -ɧɢɤɢ ɛɿɥɶɲ ɩɟɫɢɦɿɫɬɢɱɧɨ ɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɞɨ ɦɨɠ -ɥɢɜɨɫɬɟɣ ɫɜɨɝɨ ɜɧɟɫɤɭ ɜ ɡɦɿɧɭ ɫɨɰɿɚɥɶɧɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɜ, ɚɥɟ ɛɿɥɶɲ ɨɩɬɢɦɿɫɬɢɱɧɨ ɞɢɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ
ɫɜɨɽ ɦɚɣɛɭɬɧɽ, ɜɿɪɹɬɶ ɭ ɦɨɠɥɢɜɿɫɬɶ ɫɜɨɝɨ ɨɫɨɛɢɫɬɨɝɨ ɭɫɩɿɯɭ ɜ ɠɢɬɬɿ. Ɉɫɨɛɢɫɬɢɣ ɭɫɩɿɯ ɛɿɥɶɲɿɫɬɶ ɭɱɧɿɜ ɩɨɜ'ɹɡɭɸɬɶ ɡ ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɿɫɬɸ ɨɬɪɢ -ɦɚɧɧɹ ɜɢɳɨʀ ɨɫɜɿɬɢ ɹɤ ɡɚɫɨɛɭ ɩɪɨɫɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɤɚɪ'ɽɪ -ɧɢɦɢ ɫɯɨɞɚɦɢ. ɇɟ ɜɬɪɚɬɢɥɢ ɫɜɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɬɚɤɿ ɰɿɧɧɨɫɬɿ, ɹɤ "ɫɭɫɩɿɥɶɧɟ ɜɢɡɧɚɧɧɹ", "ɚɤɬɢɜɧɚ ɠɢɬɬɽɜɚ ɩɨɡɢɰɿɹ".
Ⱦɭɠɟ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɫɬɚɪɲɨɤɥɚɫɧɢɤɚɦ ɩɪɢ ɜɟɥɢɤɿɣ ɤɿɥɶɤɨɫɬɿ ɧɚɜɱɚɥɶɧɢɯ ɡɚɤɥɚɞɿɜ ɜɚɠɤɨ ɡɪɨɛɢɬɢ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɢɣ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣɧɢɣ ɜɢɛɿɪ. ɐɟ ɜɿɞɛɭɜɚɽɬɶ -ɫɹ, ɧɚɫɚɦɩɟɪɟɞ, ɱɟɪɟɡ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɧɸ ɩɪɨɮɨɪɿɽɧ -ɬɚɰɿɣɧɭ ɪɨɛɨɬɭ (ɜɢɩɭɫɤɧɢɤɢ ɧɟ ɞɨɫɢɬɶ ɞɨɛɪɟ ɭɹɜɥɹɸɬɶ, ɹɤɚ ɦɚɣɛɭɬɧɹ ɫɩɟɰɿɚɥɶɧɿɫɬɶ ɛɭɞɟ ɩɨɜ -ɧɿɫɬɸ ɜɥɚɲɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢ ʀɯ ɦɨɬɢɜɚɰɿɣɧɿ ɿɧɬɟɪɟɫɢ).
Ɇɟɬɚ ɪɨɛɨɬɢ - ɩɪɨɜɟɫɬɢ ɚɧɚɥɿɡ ɦɨɬɢɜɚɰɿɣɧɢɯ
ɚɫɩɟɤɬɿɜ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣɧɨʀ ɨɪɿɽɧɬɚɰɿʀ ɫɬɚɪɲɨɤɥɚɫɧɢɤɿɜ ɭ ɜɢɛɨɪɿ ɦɚɣɛɭɬɧɶɨʀ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ.
ɆȺɌȿɊȱȺɅɂ ɌȺ ɆȿɌɈȾɂ ȾɈɋɅȱȾɀȿɇɖ
ɇɚɦɢ ɛɭɥɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɨ ɚɧɤɟɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ 120 ɫɬɚɪ -ɲɨɤɥɚɫɧɢɤɿɜ,ɡ ɹɤɢɯ ɛɭɥɨ n = 50 ɭɱɧɿɜ 10-ɯ ɬɚ n = 70ɭɱɧɿɜ 11-ɯ ɤɥɚɫɿɜ ɡɚɝɚɥɶɧɨɨɫɜɿɬɧɶɨʀ ɲɤɨɥɢ ʋ 67ɦ. Ⱦɧɿɩɪɨɩɟɬɪɨɜɫɶɤɚ. ȼɫɿɦ ɭɱɧɹɦ ɛɭɥɨ ɩɪɨɜɟ -ɞɟɧɨ ɚɧɨɧɿɦɧɟ ɚɧɤɟɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ, ɫɩɪɹɦɨɜɚɧɟ ɧɚ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ʀɯɧɶɨʀ ɫɯɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɬɚ ɝɨɬɨɜɧɨɫɬɿ ɞɨ ɜɢɛɨɪɭ ɦɚɣɛɭɬɧɶɨʀ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿʀ. Ⱥɧɤɟɬɭ ɛɭɥɨ ɪɨɡ -ɪɨɛɥɟɧɨ ɛɟɡɩɨɫɟɪɟɞɧɶɨ ɚɜɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ. Ⱥɧɤɟɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɜɿɞɛɭɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɚɧɨɧɿɦɧɨ,ɜɢɤɥɸɱɧɨ ɧɚ ɞɨɛɪɨɜɿɥɶɧɢɯ ɭɦɨɜɚɯ. ɇɚɜɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɢɬɚɧɧɹ, ɹɤɿ ɫɬɚɜɢɥɢɫɶ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɭɱɧɹɦɢ – „ɑɢɦ ɛɢ ȼɢ ɯɨɬɿɥɢ ɡɚɣɦɚɬɢɫɹ ɩɿɫɥɹ ɡɚɤɿɧɱɟɧɧɹ ɲɤɨɥɢ?”, „ɑɢ ɜɢ-ɡɧɚɱɢɥɢɫɶ ȼɢ ɡ ɜɢɛɨɪɨɦ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿʀ?”, „Ʉɢɦ ɛɢ ȼɢ ɯɨɬɿɥɢ ɫɬɚɬɢ ɩɿɫɥɹ ɡɚɤɿɧɱɟɧɧɹ ɲɤɨɥɢ?”, „ɏɬɨ ɜɩɥɢɜɚɽ ɧɚ ȼɚɲ ɜɢɛɿɪ?”, „əɤɿ ȼɚɲɿ ɞɿʀ ɭ ɪɚɡɿ ɧɟɜɞɚɱɿ ɩɪɢ ɜɫɬɭɩɿ ɞɨ ɨɛɪɚɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɜɱɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɥɚɞɭ?”.
ɊȿɁɍɅɖɌȺɌɂ ɌȺ Ȳɏ ɈȻȽɈȼɈɊȿɇɇə
Ⱥɧɚɥɿɡ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɟɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɜ, ɳɨ ɩɪɿɨɪɢɬɟɬɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɜɚɠɧɨʀ ɛɿɥɶɲɨɫɬɿ ɲɤɨɥɹɪɿɜ (ɦɚɣɠɟ 90 % ɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɬɿɜ) ɛɭɥɨ ɩɨɞɚɥɶɲɟ ɧɚɜɱɚɧɧɹ ɭ ȼɢɳɢɯ ɧɚɜɱɚɥɶɧɢɯ ɡɚɤɥɚɞɚɯ (ɬɚɛɥ. 1). ɐɟɣ ɮɚɤɬ ɫɜɿɞɱɢɬɶ ɩɪɨ ɜɢɫɨɤɭ ɦɨɬɢɜɚɰɿɸ ɭɱɧɿɜ ɞɨ ɪɟɚɥɿɡɚɰɿʀ ɜɥɚɫ-ɧɢɯ ɚɦɛɿɰɿɣ ɭ ɫɭɱɚɫɧɨɦɭ ɫɨɰɿɭɦɿ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɬɪɢɜɚɥɢɣ ɲɥɹɯ ɧɚɜɱɚɧɧɹ.
Ɍ ɚ ɛ ɥ ɢ ɰ ɹ 1
Ⱥɧɚɥɿɡ ɦɚɣɛɭɬɧɶɨʀ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɭɱɧɿɜ ɩɿɫɥɹ ɡɚɤɿɧɱɟɧɧɹ ɲɤɨɥɢ
Ɇɚɣɛɭɬɧɹ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɿɫɬɶ Ʉɿɥɶɤɿɫɬɶ ɭɱɧɿɜ (n, %)
ɇɚɜɱɚɧɧɹ ɭ ȼɇɁ 104 (87%)
ȱɧɲɢɣ ɜɚɪɿɚɧɬ 11 (9%)
ȼɿɞɩɨɱɢɬɢ ɿ ɪɨɡɜɚɠɢɬɢɫɹ 3 (2,5%)
Ȼɿɥɶɲɿɫɬɶ ɸɧɚɤɿɜ (96%) ɭɠɟ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɢɥɢɫɶ ɡ ɨɛ -ɪɚɧɧɹɦ ɦɚɣɛɭɬɧɶɨʀ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿʀ ɩɿɫɥɹ ɲɤɨɥɢ. Ɍɟɦɚ -ɬɢɱɧɢɣ ɚɧɚɥɿɡ ɦɚɣɛɭɬɧɿɯ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɜ, ɳɨ ɛɥɢɡɶɤɨ ɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɢ ɦɨɥɨɞɢɯ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɨɛɢɪɚɸɬɶ ȱɌ -ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɿʀ ɬɚ ɪɨɛɨɬɭ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɿɫɬɚ (ɪɢɫ. 1).
ɬɟɥɹ, ɦɟɞɢɤɚ, ɚɛɨ ɿɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɢɯ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜ -ɧɢɤɢ ɹɤɢɯ ɜɢɪɨɛɥɹɸɬɶ ɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɶɧɿ ɛɥɚɝɚ.ɐɟɣ ɮɚɤɬ ɜɿɞɨɛɪɚɠɚɽ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɢ ɧɚɲɨɝɨ ɫɭɫɩɿɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɞɨ ɤɨɦɩ’ɸɬɟɪɢɡɚɰɿʀ, ɞɟ ɦɿɫɰɟ ɿɧɠɟɧɟɪɿɜ ɬɚ ɜɱɟɧɢɯ ɩɟɪɟɬɜɨɪɸɽɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɦɿɫɰɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɿɫɬɿɜ,ɟɤɨɧɨɦɿɫɬɿɜ.
26%
23% 10%
8% 7%
6% 4% 4% 3% 5%
4%
ȱɌ-ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝ ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɿɫɬ ȿɤɨɧɨɦɿɫɬ
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɧɢɣ ɚɞɦɿɧɿɫɬɪɚɬɨɪ Ⱥɪɯɿɬɟɤɬɨɪ ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝ ɋɨɰɿɨɥɨɝ ɀɭɪɧɚɥɿɫɬ Ʌɨɝɿɫɬ ȼɥɚɫɧɢɣ ɛɿɡɧɟɫ ɇɟ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɢɥɢɫɶ
Ɋɢɫ. 1. Ɍɟɦɚɬɢɱɧɢɣ ɚɧɚɥɿɡ ɦɚɣɛɭɬɧɿɯ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣ
Ⱥɧɚɥɿɡ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɿɜ,ɹɤɿ ɜɩɥɢɜɚɸɬɶ ɧɚ ɜɢɛɿɪ ɦɚɣ -ɛɭɬɧɶɨʀ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣɧɨʀ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ, ɩɨɤɚɡɚɜ, ɳɨ ɪɨɞɢɧɚ ɽ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɢɦ ɱɢɧɧɢɤɨɦ (ɬɚɛɥ. 2).
ɐɿɤɚɜɿ ɞɨɞɚɧɿ ɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɿ „ə ɫɚɦ” - 6% ɬɚ „Ɇɨʀ ɡɞɿɛɧɨɫɬɿ” - 2%, ɳɨ, ɩɨ ɫɭɬɿ,
ɜɿɞɨɛɪɚɠɚɽ ɜɩɥɢɜ ɛɚɬɶɤɿɜ, ɪɨɞɢɧɢ, ɬɨɦɭ ɳɨ ɬɚɤɿ ɩɪɿɨɪɢɬɟɬɢ ɿ ɰɿɧɧɨɫɬɿ ɤɭɥɶɬɢɜɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɫɿɦ'ʀ.
Ȼɿɥɶɲɿɫɬɶ ɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɬɿɜ ɩɥɚɧɭɽ ɭ ɦɚɣɛɭɬɧɶɨɦɭ ɜɱɢɬɢɫɹ ɭ ɜɿɬɱɢɡɧɹɧɢɯ ȼɇɁ ɿ ɩɨɨɞɢɧɨɤɿ ɭɱɧɿ ɩɥɚɧɭ -ɸɬɶ ɡɞɨɛɭɜɚɬɢ ɜɢɳɭ ɨɫɜɿɬɭ ɡɚ ɤɨɪɞɨɧɨɦ – 4,8%.
Ɍ ɚ ɛ ɥ ɢ ɰ ɹ 2
ɑɢɧɧɢɤɢ ɜɩɥɢɜɭ ɧɚ ɜɢɛɿɪ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿʀ ɭ ɲɤɨɥɹɪɿɜ
ɏɬɨ ɜɩɥɢɜɚɽ ɧɚ ɜɢɛɿɪ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿʀ? (n, %)
Ȼɚɬɶɤɢ 83 (72%)
Ⱦɪɭɡɿ 10 (9%)
ȼɱɢɬɟɥɿ 8 (7%)
ɁɆȱ 5 (4%)
ȱɧɲɢɣ ɜɚɪɿɚɧɬ 9 (8%)
ɑɢ ɪɨɡɝɥɹɞɚɸɬɶ ɧɚɲɿ ɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɬɢ ɣɦɨ
ɋɈɐȱȺɅɖɇȺ ɆȿȾɂɐɂɇȺ
ɜɩɟɜɧɟɧɿɫɬɶ ɭ ɤɿɧɰɟɜɨɦɭ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɿ – 22% ɲɤɨɥɹɪɿɜ (ɜ ɚɧɤɟɬɿ ɡɜɭɱɢɬɶ ɬɪɢɤɪɚɬɧɟ „ȼɫɬɭ -ɩɥɸ!”, ɚɛɨ ɠɢɪɧɨ ɩɿɞɤɪɟɫɥɟɧɟ, ɚɛɨ ɡ ɛɚɝɚɬɶɦɚ ɡɧɚɤɚɦɢ ɨɤɥɢɤɭ).ȼɩɟɜɧɟɧɿ,ɳɨ ɜɫɬɭɩɥɹɬɶ – 26 % ɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɬɿɜ, ɳɟ 24% ɭɱɧɿɜ ɜɤɚɡɭɸɬɶ ɧɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɿɫɬɶ ɞɨɞɚɬɤɨɜɨʀ ɫɟɪɣɨɡɧɨʀ ɩɿɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ, „ɳɨɛ ɧɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɬɢ ɧɟɜɞɚɱɿ”. ɉɨɜɬɨɪɢɬɢ ɜɫɬɭɩ ɞɨ ȼɇɁ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɪɿɤ, ɳɨɛ ɜɱɢɬɢɫɹ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɧɨɦɭ ɧɚɜɱɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɥɚɞɿ, ɝɨɬɨɜɿ 12,5% ɫɬɚɪɲɨ -ɤɥɚɫɧɢɤɿɜ, ɜɱɢɬɢɫɹ ɜ ɿɧɲɨɦɭ ȼɇɁ ɭ ɪɚɡɿ ɧɟɜɞɚɱɿ ɡɝɨɞɧɿ 11,5% ɨɫɿɛ. ɋɜɨɸ „ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣɧɭ” ɞɨɥɸ ɧɟ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɢɥɢ ɜɫɶɨɝɨ 4% ɭɱɧɿɜ.
ɇɚ ɩɢɬɚɧɧɹ ɩɪɨ ɪɟɚɥɿʀ ɩɪɚɰɟɜɥɚɲɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɡɚ ɨɛɪɚɧɨɸ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɽɸ ɛɿɥɶɲɿɫɬɶ ɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɬɿɜ ɜɩɟɜɧɟɧɨ ɜɜɚɠɚɽ ɦɨɠɥɢɜɢɦ – 51,3% ɫɬɚɪɲɨ -ɤɥɚɫɧɢɤɿɜ.Ɍɪɟɬɢɧɚ ɸɧɚɤɿɜ (31,3%) ɜɜɚɠɚɸɬɶ,ɳɨ ɡɚ ɤɨɪɞɨɧɨɦ ɰɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɹ ɛɿɥɶɲ ɡɚɬɪɟɛɭɜɚɧɚ, ɬɚ 17,4% ɧɚ ɰɟ ɩɢɬɚɧɧɹ ɧɟ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɥɢ ɡɨɜɫɿɦ.
ȼɂɋɇɈȼɄɂ
1. ȿɦɨɰɿɣɧɚ ɫɩɪɹɦɨɜɚɧɿɫɬɶ ɫɭɱɚɫɧɨʀ ɦɨɥɨɞɿ ɦɚɽ, ɩɟɪɲ ɡɚ ɜɫɟ, ɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɧɢɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ: ɦɚɬɟ -ɪɿɚɥɶɧɟ ɣ ɨɫɨɛɢɫɬɟ ɛɥɚɝɨɩɨɥɭɱɱɹ, ɡɞɚɬɧɿɫɬɶ ɞɨ ɜɢɠɢɜɚɧɧɹ ɜ ɫɭɱɚɫɧɨɦɭ ɫɨɰɿɭɦɿ, ɜɢɝɿɞɧɟ ɩɪɚ -ɰɟɜɥɚɲɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ, ɡɧɚɣɬɢ ɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɟɧɨɝɨ ɫɭɩɭɬɧɢɤɚ (ɩɨɞɪɭɝɭ) ɠɢɬɬɹ, "ɡɚɜɟɫɬɢ ɯɨɪɨɲɢɯ ɫɩɨɧɫɨɪɿɜ",
"ɦɚɬɢ ɡɚɦɨɠɧɢɯ ɩɨɤɪɨɜɢɬɟɥɿɜ", "ɭɧɢɤɧɭɬɢ ɫɥɭɠɛɢ ɜ ɚɪɦɿʀ". ɇɟ ɰɿɧɭɸɬɶɫɹ ɰɢɜɿɥɶɧɿ ɭɫɬɪɟ -ɦɥɿɧɧɹ (ɫɥɭɠɿɧɧɹ ɥɸɞɹɦ, ɫɭɫɩɿɥɶɫɬɜɭ, ɞɟɪɠɚɜɿ), ɩɨɱɭɬɬɹ ɩɚɬɪɿɨɬɢɡɦɭ.
2. ɋɩɨɫɬɟɪɿɝɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɫɭɩɟɪɟɱɥɢɜɢɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɭ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɫɚɦɨɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɫɬɚɪɲɨ -ɤɥɚɫɧɢɤɿɜ ɭ ɫɭɱɚɫɧɨɦɭ ɫɭɫɩɿɥɶɫɬɜɿ:ɨɪɿɽɧɬɚɰɿɸ ɧɚ ɡɞɿɣɫɧɟɧɧɹ ɭɫɜɿɞɨɦɥɟɧɨɝɨ ɜɢɛɨɪɭ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿʀ ɿ ɜ ɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɱɚɫ ɩɨɫɢɥɟɧɧɹ ɨɪɿɽɧɬɚɰɿʀ ɧɚ ɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɧɹ ɞɢɩɥɨɦɭ ɩɪɨ ɜɢɳɭ ɨɫɜɿɬɭ. Ɋɢɧɤɨɜɚ, ɤɪɢɡɨɜɚ ɫɢ -ɬɭɚɰɿɹ ɡ ɜɟɥɢɤɨɸ ɧɟɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɿɫɬɸ ɜɿɞɨɛɪɚɠɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɡɧɢɠɟɧɧɹɦ ɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɿɜ ɜɩɟɜɧɟɧɨɫɬɿ ɭ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶ -ɧɨɫɬɿ ɨɛɪɚɧɨʀ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿʀ.
3. ȼɿɞɫɭɬɧɿɫɬɶ ɞɨɫɢɬɶ ɝɥɢɛɨɤɨʀ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣɧɨʀ ɫɩɪɹɦɨɜɚɧɨɫɬɿ ɭ ɜɢɩɭɫɤɧɢɤɿɜ ɧɟ ɜɢɤɥɸɱɚɽ ɦɨɠ -ɥɢɜɨɫɬɿ ʀʀ ɮɨɪɦɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɜ ɩɟɪɿɨɞ ɧɚɜɱɚɧɧɹ ɜ ɿɧɫɬɢ -ɬɭɬɿ. Ɍɨɦɭ ɡɚɜɞɚɧɧɹ ɲɤɨɥɢ (ɬɚɤɨɠ ɫɿɦ'ʀ ɿ ɫɭɫ -ɩɿɥɶɫɬɜɚ) ɩɨɥɹɝɚɽ ɜ ɬɨɦɭ, ɳɨɛ ɜɢɛɿɪ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿʀ ɜɢɹɜɥɹɜɫɹ ɥɨɝɿɱɧɢɦ ɧɚɫɥɿɞɤɨɦ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɿɞ-ɜɢɳɟɧɧɹ ɪɿɜɧɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣɧɨʀ ɫɩɪɹɦɨɜɚɧɨɫɬɿ.
4. ɓɨɛ ɜɢɪɿɲɢɬɢ ɰɿ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɢ, ɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨ, ɜ ɩɟɪɲɭ ɱɟɪɝɭ, ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɡɨɜɚɧɭ ɩɪɨɮ-ɨɪɿɽɧɬɚɰɿɣɧɭ ɪɨɛɨɬɭ ɜ ɲɤɨɥɚɯ, ɩɨɱɢɧɚɸɱɢ ɡ ɫɟɪɟɞɧɿɯ ɤɥɚɫɿɜ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɨɜɨ ɜɜɨɞɢɬɢ ɞɿɬɟɣ ɭ ɫɜɿɬ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣ.
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1. ȼɿɬɤɨɜɫɶɤɚ Ɉ.ȱ.ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɿ ɭɦɨɜɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣɧɨ -ɝɨ ɫɚɦɨɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɜɢɩɭɫɤɧɢɤɿɜ ɫɟɪɟɞɧɿɯ ɲɤɿɥ ɭ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɿ ɩɪɨɮɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɰɿʀ: ɚɜɬɨɪɟɮ. ɞɢɫ. ɧɚ ɡɞɨɛɭɬɬɹ ɧɚɭɤ. ɫɬɭ-ɩɟɧɹ ɤɚɧɞ.ɩɫɢɯɨɥ.ɧɚɭɤ:ɫɩɟɰ. 19.00.07 - «ɉɟɞɚɝɨɝɿɱɧɚ ɿ ɜɿɤɨɜɚ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɿɹ» / Ɉ.ȱ.ȼɿɬɤɨɜɫɶɤɚ. – Ʉ., 2002. – 21 ɫ.
2. ȱɝɧɚɬɨɜɢɱ Ɉ.Ɇ.ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɿɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣɧɨʀ ɨɪɿɽɧ-ɬɚɰɿʀ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɿ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɿɱɧɨʀ ɨɫɜɿɬɢ / Ɉ.Ɇ.ȱɝɧɚɬɨɜɢɱ // Ⱥɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɿ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣɧɨʀ ɨɪɿɽɧɬɚɰɿʀ ɬɚ ɩɪɨ -ɮɟɫɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɜɱɚɧɧɹ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɹ: ɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɢ Vȱ Ɇɿɠɧɚɪ. ɧɚɭɤ.-ɩɪɚɤɬ.ɤɨɧɮ. (29 – 30 ɥɢɫɬɨɩɚɞɚ 2012ɪ.,ɦ.Ʉɢʀɜ). ɑ. 2 – Ʉ.:ȱɉɄ ȾɋɁɍ, 2012. – ɋ. 229-237.
3. Ʉɪɚɜɱɟɧɤɨ Ɍ.ȼ. Ȼɚɬɶɤɿɜɫɶɤɟ ɜɢɯɨɜɚɧɧɹ ɿ ɣɨɝɨ ɜɩɥɢɜ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣɧɟ ɫɚɦɨɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɞɿɬɟɣ ɫɬɚɪɲɨɝɨ ɲɤɿɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɿɤɭ / Ɍ.ȼ.Ʉɪɚɜɱɟɧɤɨ // ɋɭɱɚɫɧɢɣ ɜɢɯɨɜɧɢɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫ: ɋɭɬɧɿɫɬɶ ɬɚ ɜɢɯɨɜɧɢɣ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥ: ɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɢ ɡɜɿɬɭ ɧɚɭɤ.-ɩɪɚɤ. ɤɨɧɮ. ȱɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɭ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɜɢɯɨɜɚɧɧɹ ɇȺɉɇ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɡɚ 2011 ɪɿɤ. – ȱɜɚɧɨ-Ɏɪɚɧɤɿɜɫɶɤ:ɇȺȱɊ, 2012. – ȼɢɩ2. – ɋ. 230-232.
4. Ɇɟɥɶɧɢɤ Ɉ.ȼ. ɉɪɨɮɨɪɿɽɧɬɚɰɿɣɧɚ ɪɨɛɨɬɚ ɡɿ ɲɤɨɥɹɪɚɦɢ ɜ ɭɦɨɜɚɯ ɩɪɨɮɿɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɜɱɚɧɧɹ: ɧɚɭɤ.-ɦɟɬɨɞ.ɩɨɫɿɛ.ɞɥɹ ɜɱɢɬɟɥɿɜ / Ɉ.ȼ.Ɇɟɥɶɧɢɤ,ȱ.Ʌ. ɍɥɢɱ-ɧɢɣ;ɡɚ ɪɟɞ.Ɉ.ȼ.Ɇɟɥɶɧɢɤɚ. – Ʉ., 2008. – 120ɫ.
5. ɉɨɛɿɪɱɟɧɤɨ ɇ.Ⱥ. ɉɪɨɮɨɪɿɽɧɬɚɰɿɹ ɭɱɧɿɜɫɶɤɨʀ ɦɨɥɨɞɿ:ɩɨɫɿɛɧɢɤ / ɇ.Ⱥ.ɉɨɛɿɪɱɟɧɤɨ,Ⱥ.Ⱥ.ɒɚɣɤɨɜɚ. – Ʉ.:ɇɚɭɤɨɜɢɣ ɫɜɿɬ, 2009 – 226 ɫ.
6. Ɍɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɿʀ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣɧɨʀ ɨɪɿɽɧɬɚɰɿʀ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɹ ɜ ɭɦɨɜɚɯ ɪɢɧɤɭ ɩɪɚɰɿ / ɇ.Ⱥ.ɉɨɛɿɪɱɟɧɤɨ,ɇ.ȱ.Ʌɢɬɜɢɧɨ -ɜɚ,ȼ.ȼ.ɋɢɧɿɜɫɶɤɢɣ,Ɉ.Ʌ.Ɇɟɪɡɥɹɤɨɜɚ [ɬɚ ɿɧ.] – Ʉ.: ɉɟ-ɞɚɝɨɝɿɱɧɚ ɞɭɦɤɚ, 2011 – 256 ɫ.
7. Grinshpun S.S. Professional orientation of stu-dents in the United States / S.S. Grinshpun // Pedagogy. – 2009. – N 9. – P. 65-72.
8. Weidenthal C. An investigation of transition prac-tices for middle school youth / C. Weidenthal, & C. Kochlar-Bryant // Career Development for Exceptional Individuals. – 2007. – N 18. – P. 147–157.
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