OKBAJNROER @K @KCKJRA
OKBAJNROER @K @KCKJRA
KJ PÎBJNBAR
KJ PÎBJNBAR
V\E^KBPNSAR H\ÁCNBAR
V\E^KBPNSAR H\ÁCNBAR
@kckjrar@kckjrar
Okbajnroer q{k njrp|{okjpa ki ~e) q{k
Okbajnroer q{k njrp|{okjpa ki ~e) q{k
mabkj `k cnip|e b% Kiie
mabkj `k cnip|e b% Kiie
‒ ‒R~e
R~e
‒ ‒o{j`e
o{j`e
k}pk|je*
k}pk|je*
Ia
Ia
cik}nlnin`a` e
cik}nlnin`a` e
|nhn`kw
|nhn`kw
kr
kr
nove|pajpk
nove|pajpk
a
a
ia
ia
me|a `k |kainwa| ki `nahjòrpnbe `nck|kjbnai*
me|a `k |kainwa| ki `nahjòrpnbe `nck|kjbnai*
B{ajpe oár k}npera UUUUU oár vapòhkja*
B{ajpe oár k}npera UUUUU oár vapòhkja*
B{ajpe okjer k}nperaUUUUkjbejp|aoer
B{ajpe okjer k}nperaUUUUkjbejp|aoer
aih÷j |krq{nbne va|a njp|e`{bn| ier
aih÷j |krq{nbne va|a njp|e`{bn| ier
baolner*
\kv|krnòj V|noa|na7
Kr c{j`ajpk `ki vrnq{nroe*
Kj {j `nl{ge ia |kv|krnòj v|noa|na jer sa a
vk|onpn| `nck|kjbna| ia cnh{|a `ki cej`e* Iar
va|pkr `k ia cnh{|a krpáj njpkh|a`ar* -Hkrpaip
bejrk|sa`a.
Iar iïjkar rej bejpnj{ar* Je ma~ krvabner
kj liajbe) ma~ bnk||k `k ia cnh{|a*
Bia|a `nck|kjbnabnòj cnh{|a
‒cej`e q{k rk
oajncnkrpa a p|asîr `k ia a`kb{a`a
njpkh|abnòj `k iar va|pkr `k ia cnh{|a
h|acnba`a) `k ia bejrk|sabnòj `k ia h{krpaip)
`k ia l{kja ce|oa*
`kinonpabnòj `k ia cnh{|a |krvkbpe `k ia mega a p|asîr
`ki `nl{ge |kainwa`e bej iïjkar bejpnj{ar q{k je `kgaj alk|p{|ar) cnh{|ar m{oajar skrpn`ar*
@klkj krpa| a{rkjpkr7 ia bejc{rnòj c|kjpk ‒ vk|cni)
iar caiiar kj ia vk|rvkbpnsa ~ iar p|ajrva|kjbnar
A{rkjbna `k |kv|krnòj v|noa|na7
Ava|kbkj p|ajrva|kjbnar -a va|pn| `k ier > añer ~a
kr {j nj`nba`e|.* Kj krpar {ipnoar ava|kbkj oajnckrpabnejkr `k ie lneiòhnbe) e|hájnbe**
\kv|krnòj Rkb{j`a|na7
Rk njrpaia a va|pn| `k ier = añer* Ki r{gkpe
ah|kha `kpaiikr va|a v|krk|sa| ai ~e `k ia
ajh{rpna q{k v|esnkjk `k ie |kbmawa`e*
Kgkovier7 vejk|ik ajpkeger erb{|er)
pabma`e `k vkie) pabma`e e reol|ka`e `k
ia weja hkjnpai e vkbme) k}bi{rnòj `k weja
hkjnpai kj {j `nl{ge a|oòjnbe -`nl{ger `k
ok`ne b{k|ve) cai`ar ia|har ~
a`e|ja`ar.*Kikokjper `k bnk||k-îjcarnr
kj ki bejp|ei v{irnejai.*
Kj ier a`{iper {j nj`nba`e| `k |kv|krnòj
rkb{j`a|na je njrpaia`a rk oajncnkrpa kj
`nl{ger `k cnh{|ar m{oajar o{~ njcajpnikr)
njcajpninwabnòj `k ia cnh{|a m{oaja*Kj ki
á|lei ava|kbkj o{bmar |aoar p|{jba`ar*
be|pk kj ia lark `ki á|lei ~ bara binbmî*
Bnjp{|ejkr `krpaba`er) |koa|ba`er e
|kraipa`er) q{k vk|onpkj oajpkjk| ia
rkva|abnòj kjp|k ier arvkbper ackbpnser `k
ier q{k pnkjkj bejjepabnejkr rk}{aikr*
\abnejainwabnòj7
’Okjpn|a iikja `k ackbpe‟* Kr ia {pninwabnòj `ki vkjraonkjpe alrp|abpe e `k |awejkr iòhnbar ~
a`onrnlikr a ier saie|kr b{ip{|aikr ~ rebnaikr `ki oeokjpe va|a g{rpncnba| rkjpnonkjper)
vkjraonkjper e bej`{bpar q{k rk|naj njabkvpalikr va|a ia noahkj `k rn ‟* Je r{kik
bejrn`k|a|rk {ja `kckjra ve|q{k je sa kj bejp|a `k ia rapnrcabbnòj v{irnejai rnje q{k snkjk a `nrno{ia| ier kikokjper `ki bejcinbpe*
Ki r{gkpe njpkjpa `a| {ja k}vinbabnòj iòhnbaokjpk bemk|kjpk ~ abkvpalik `kr`k ki v{jpe `k
snrpa oe|ai rel|k {ja abpnp{` ) n`ka e rkjpnonkjpe b{~er oepnser sk|`a`k|er `krbejebk* Ala|ba `kr`k |abnejainwabnejkr je|oaikr marpa `kin|ner* Ier a|h{okjper v{k`kj rk|
oe|aikr) veiïpnber )|kinhnerer) kpb*. ~ rej kq{nva|alikr a ia |abnejainwabnòj rkb{j`a|na*
Ava|kbkj iïjkar |kbpar) nj`nba`e| `k |nhn`kw*
Njpkikbp{ainwabnòj7 ’Ki ~e njpkjpa bejp|eia| iar v{irnejkr arebnáj`eiar a n`kar q{k v{k`k
oajkga| bejbnkjpkokjpk* Kr v|krkjpa| ier v|elikoar kj pî|onjer oar hkjk|aikr ~ |abnejaikr q{k vk|rejaikr ~ koebnejaikr
Ma~ {ja `krsnabnòj `k ia kjk|hïa `ki b{k|ve a ia balkwa* Ma~ îjcarnr kj ier `nl{ger `k
balkwar) pkbmer) bevar `k á|leikr.*
@krviawaonkjpe7 rk v|e~kbpa ai k}pk|ne| ~ i{khe rk `krsïa a {j elgkpe ikgaje* -Pïvnbe kj
iar celnar.
Ava|kbkj kj ier `nl{ger v|krkjbna `k abeovañajpkr) oarbepar) elgkper kpb* Ve| kgkovie
kj ia caonina Dnjîpnba* @nl{ger o{~ a`e|ja`er vk|e `nck|kjpkr ai `k ia mnrpk|na* Ba|ha`er bej o{bmer kikokjper*
Ier |kiaper mabkj |kck|kjbna ai c{p{|e v|ò}noe k
njonjkjpk) vk|e snsn`e beoe baparp|òcnbe*
Ki r{gkpe be||k `k i{ha| ia rnp{abnòj `k bejcinbpe) beoe
bejrkb{kjbna ava|kbkj cnh{|ar mkbmar |ávn`aokjpk) `nl{ger `k ba|ar beovikpar*
Reol|k|er) larpejkr) vnvar) c{jbnejaj beoe
abeovañajpkr*
Anriaonkjpe7 Rkva|abnòj kjp|k n`kar* Ier krvabner rej
beova|pnokjpa`er -celnar) elrkrnser.
Lkj`k|7 iar cnh{|ar ava|kbkj rkva|a`ar {ja ve| {ja* Bara7 ava|kbkj |kce|wa`er ier kikokjper `k bnk||k
-bk||a`{|ar) iïjkar q{k b|{waj.* Ier pkbmer `nl{ga`er kj ce|oa `k pkgar mkbmar {ja ve| {ja* Kovike `k |kb{|rer h|ácnber q{k vk|onpkj oajpkjk| ia rkva|abnòj kjp|k iar n`kar ~ iar koebnejkr a kiiar inha`ar*
Kovike `k |kb{|rer h|ácnber q{k vk|onpkj oajpkjk|
ia rkva|abnòj kjp|k iar n`kar ~ iar koebnejkr a kiiar inha`ar*
Palnbaonkjpe `ki krvabne) balkiie barq{kpk4 bara7
v|keb{vabnòj ve| ier kikokjper `k bnk||k) oa|ba`e `k pkgar) b{a`|ïb{ia*
Ce|oabnòj \kabpnsa7 H|ácnber e|`kja`er) okpnb{ierer)
`kpaiinrpar) novkbalikr* \kb{|rer h|ácnber q{k njpkjpaj `koerp|a| ier arvkbper lej`a`erer) e|`kja`er)
`nrbnvinja`er) inovner) va|a eb{ipa| iar oebnejkr v{irnejaikr ah|krnsar ~ k}viernsar `ki r{gkpe*
V|ksaikbk ia abpnp{` `k ieh|a| h|ácnber e|`kja`er)
Aj{iabnòj7 Ma~ {ja {pninwabnòj k}bkrnsa `k ia
heoa `k le||a| e njpkjpa okge|a|ie* Ava|kbkj `nl{ger r{vk|v{krper*
Reol|ka`er kj pe`e ki `nl{ge) o{~ inha`e a ier
krpa`er `k ajh{rpna `ki r{gkpe*
Rn ma~ {j v|nsnikhne `ki á|ka `k iar cajparïar7
p|awe cnjnpe) h|nkpar*
Rn ma~ {j v|nsnikhne `ki bejp|ei |abnejai7 ki p|awe
rk `klninpa oár a÷j* B{aj`e ia cajparïa rk krbava `ki bejp|ei -rno{iabnejkr/ `kin|ner.
Bia|a `nck|kjbnabnòj kjp|k cnh{|a
‒cej`e)
l{kja `kinonpabnòj `ki h|ácnbe |krvkbpe `k ia
mega*
A`kb{a`a njpkh|abnòj `k iar va|pkr*
Rk oajncnkrpa a p|asîr `k |kb{|rer b{~a
cnjain`a` kr eb{ipa| ia k}nrpkjbna `k ia
barp|abnòj7 `nl{ger `k cnh{|ar m{oajar `k
krvai`ar) ba|nbap{|ar) cnh{|ar `kracnajpkr)
aov{iern`a` kj iar skrpnokjpar) a`e|jer)
k}mnlnbnejnroe novabpajpk -`krj{`er)
@krokjpn`a e \kjkhabnòj7 B{a`|e
vrnbevapeiòhnbe * Vrnbevapïar ~ vk|sk|rnejkr*
Kj ier h|ácnber ma~ `nck|kjbnabnòj cnh{|a cej`e*
Ma~ {ja |kiapnsa a`kb{abnòj* Ie `kinonpa `kjp|e `k ia mega* Iar va|pkr rk maiiaj njpkh|a`ar*
Iar cnh{|ar ava|kbkj `krj{`ar) rej n`îjpnbar*
Je ma~ `nck|kjbnabnòj rk}{ai*
Kj ier h|ácnber ava|kbkj7 ajh{iern`a` kj iar
skrpnokjpar) cnh{|ar `kracnajpkr) `krj{`ar* Rk k}mnlkj a skbkr `k krvai`a* Kr ki ÷jnbe b{a`|e vrnbevapeiòhnbe q{k ava|kbk `k krpk oe`e*
Ba|nbap{|ar `k b{k|ve kjpk|e e `k ba|ar* Vk|rejar q{k mabkj k}bkrnse oesnonkjpe* Krpáj laniaj`e) mabnkj`e hnojarna) kpb*
Ki îjcarnr krpá v{krpe kj ia va|pk r{vk|ne| `ki b{k|ve)
o{rb{iap{|a) cnh{|ar pnve krpap{a) |ïhn`ar* Rk vejk kj g{khe ki pkoa `k ia n`kjpn`a`*
Ia {pninwabnòj `ki ia`e nwq{nk|`e `k ia mega mabk
|kck|kjbna a arvkbper oár `kvkj`nkjpkr) |kh|krnser
Kj krper b{a`|er ier `nl{ger rk maiiaj seiba`er mabna ia
`k|kbma* Rk |kiabnejaj bej iar vk|rejain`a`kr oár abp{a`e|ar*
Ava|kbkj barar pnve cabma`ar) `nl{ger `k ia va|pk `k
ac{k|a) sk|k`ar* Oaq{niiagkr) `nrc|abkr* -Vk|rejain`a`kr beoe rï) caire rkic.*
Ia cajparïa rk `nrva|a) ia v|e`{bbnòj okjpai rk
`krle|`a -Lk|hk|kp.*
R{kikj pkjk| elgkper `k saie| kj iar oajer va|a
kjp|khá|rkie ai njpk|ieb{pe| -\kck|kjbna a {j ~e eojnvepkjpk) h|aj`nere) q{k abp÷a beoe sïjb{ie `k rerpîj.
Ki ikjh{agk rk oajncnkrpa a p|asîr `ki {re `k ia l{|ia) n|ejïa* Pe`er rej mkbmer ki ’mabk|‟ krpá
o{~ kjcapnwa`e*
Ma~ `nrb|kvajbnar kjp|k ie h|ácnbe ~ ie sk|lai* Á|lei7 {j bejpnj{e) |aïbkr k}v{krpar) p|ejbe
`îlni) beva kj ce|oa `k kjseip{|a*
Ki ikjh{agk h|ácnbe `k abbnòj rk oajncnkrpa kj
`nl{ger ve| kgkovie `k apa÷`kr) `ej`k je ma~ bavabn`a` rnolòinba*
@KRKRPNOA E \KC[PABNÒJ @K IA \KAIN@A@ BEOE @KCKJRA V\KSAIKJPK
\kb{|rer h|ácnber bej bia|a `krbejk}nòj bej ia |kain`a`) b|kabnòj `k
j{ksar |kain`a`kr ~ `krnjpkh|abnòj vrïq{nba*
Vî|`n`a `k ia hkrpaip) oaia njpkh|abnòj `k iar va|pkr `k ia cnh{|a) iïonpkr
saher bej nov|kbnra rkva|abnòj kjp|k cnh{|a ‒ cej`e*
Cnh{|ar c|ahokjpa`ar*
Caiier kj ia vk|rvkbpnsa ‒ p|ajrva|kjbna*
Oejnhepkr* Vk|rejagkr abe|awa`er ‒ njs{ijk|alikr*
Iikja| ia mega bej ’va|pkr‟ `k elgkper e cnh{|ar `kra|pnb{ia`ar*
Á|lei `nrebna`e*
@krkrpnoabnòj e \kv{`ne `k ia \kain`a`7
P|arpe|jer H|askr `k vk|rejain`a`/ Vrnbernr
Ki sïjb{ie bej ia |kain`a` krpa aipk|a`e) ma~
bejc{rnejkr `k cnh{|a ~ cej`e* Iar va|pkr je krpáj njpkh|a`ar*
Ava|kbkj ba|ar alnk|par* Je ma~ iïjkar `k lark
-vk|`n`a `k bejpabpe bej ia |kain`a`.4 q{k`aj l|kbmar) c|ahokjpabnejkr o{~ ba|abpk|ïrpnber kj vrnbòpnber*
B{aj`e ier r{gkper rk maiiaj o{~ `kpk|ne|a`er)
ava|kbkj `nl{ger `k barar kj |{njar) rnj
pkbmer) c|ahokjpabnejkr `ki b{k|ve `nrvk|rer ve| pe`a ia mega*
Ia vk|reja rk v|nonpnsnwa) `krsnpainwa* Vnk|`k
peje) ava|kbkj p|ajrva|kjbnar
Oajïa7 Ki ~e hewa `k eojnvepkjbna*
P|awe k}{ipajpk* Pe`e k}v{krpe* Rk k}mnlk*
Cnh{|ar `krj{`ar -lnwa||ar.* Vk|rejar
njbeovikpar) sabïar) |kh|krnsar* Iar cnh{|ar m{oajar ava|kbkj kj oesnonkjpe bejpnj{e* V{k`k marpa va|kbk| bejc{re ki `nl{ge*
Kj ia bej`{bpa `krnjmnlnbnòj) k}bnpabnòj
Okiajbeiïa7
-^e novepkjpk) R ^E rá`nbe.
Iar cnh{|ar m{oajar) ava|kbkj rnj ba|ar
rk `krmniabmaj rk saj vk|`nkj`e*
L|kbmar rnj iïonpkr) vk|`n`a `ki peje snpai)
p|awe cnjnpe) pkolie|ere) novk|bkvpnlik*
Á|lei7 rnj megar) {j bejpnj{e) `ej`k je
ma~ `nck|kjbnabnòj ~e/ je ~e*
K}v|krnejkr `k |erp|er beoe `kv|non`er)
Jk{|òpnber7 Ve| pkjk| {j `kra||eiie beovikpe
`k ia vk|rejain`a` ~ bavabn`a` `k
rnoleinwabnòj) ier h|ácnber `k krper rk abk|baj larpajpk a ie bejskjbnejai* Ia caiia kj ia
v|e`{bbnòj `k ier onroer rk maiiaj kj |kiabnòj ai bejcinbpe*
\kv|krkjpaj cnh{|ar skrpn`ar* J{jba ava|kbkj
`krj{`ar* Ve|q{k krpá evk|aj`e ia |kv|krnòj ~
ia njbe|ve|abnòj `k iar je|oar ~ va{par rebnaikr njpk|jainwa`ar*
Oajpnkjkj {ja bemk|kjbna a ie ia|he `k pe`ar
Jk{|ernr Mnrpî|nba7
@nl{ger `k jnñar ~ rnj o{bmer `kpaiikr*
Vnk|jar bk||a`ar*
A skbkr bnjp{|ejkr e kj bejp|avernbnòj
ava|kbkj cnh{|ar o{~ a||khia`ar) oa|bar
kj iar wejar hkjnpaikr e kj ier vkbmer*
Veiik|ar palika`ar) leirniier*
Hkjk|aiokjpk balkwar reiar* Ksnpaj ia
weja `ki bejcinbpe* Rel|k pe`e ki b{k|ve*
Cnh{|ar `k vaiepkr*
Jk{|ernr Còlnba7
Cnh{|ar
`k c|kjpk e `k vk|cni -o{~ pkjrar.*
L|awer ikger `ki b{k|ve e `ki bejpabpe bej
ier `koár*
Eger7
On|a`a apkjpa* K}v|krnejkr bej
ba|a `k onk`e* On|a`ar c{k|pkr `k krpa|
aik|pa ~ ai onroe pnkove `k ajh{rpna*
Jk{|ernr Elrkrnsa7
`nl{ger o{~ skrpn`er) o{bmer `kpaiikr ~ o{~
|kvara`er* Ba|pk|ar p|agk) be|lapar*
Balkwar bmnq{npar) vk|e a ia skw ba|a `nl{ga`ar*
Oa|bar a||{har) ba|ar o{~ rkñaia`ar* H|aj abpnsn`a` kj pe`e ie q{k kr ia balkwa ~ ia
k}v|krnòj cabnai*
Kj ier Jk{|òpnber kr krvk|alik q{k ier
h|ácnber ava|kwbaj rnj oesnonkjpe* Rnkov|k krpápnber*
Cnh{|ar kj abbnòj7 nj`nbaj pkj`kjbnar ai abpnje*
Vrnbernr7 @nrh|khabnòj)
aipk|abnejkr kj
pe`a ia vk|rejain`a` o{~ rksk|a)
aipk|abnejkr paolnîj kj ia bej`{bpa*
V|epebeier baòpnber) c|ahokjpa`er
`kre|`kja`er*
Iar iïjkar |kvara`ar q{k rk |kiabnejaj
bej ia ajh{rpna ki `krle|`k ~ ia caipa `k
bejp|ei oepe|) q{k rej ba|abpk|ïrpnber `ki
`kpk|ne|e*
B{aj`e rk ma njrpaia`e ki `kin|ne v|epebeier
|ïhn`er ~ vel|kr e|`kja`er krpápnber*
B{aj`e `nl{gaj iar cnh{|ar beovikpar vnk|`k ia
iïjka `k bejpnj{n`a` kg7 A skbkr `nl{gaj
balkwar reiar) `k ce|oa sabïa) `krsnpainwa`ar) p|ajrva|kjbnar*
Eger |koa|ba`er ~ eï`er -beoe kikokjper `k
aik|pa. rel|k pe`e ai beonkjwe `k ia kjck|ok`a`*
Je ma~ v|keb{vabnòj ve| ia skrpnokjpa*
Okiajbòinbe7
\kpnbkjpk a pe`e a pe`e pnve
`k abpnsn`a`* Je ik nove|pa v|e`{bn| lnkj
rk q{kga ve| ie q{k rk ik vn`k*
Iïjkar pkj{kr cnh{|ar njbeovikpar* Rej
ikjper `kgaj `k p|alaga|* Iar cnh{|ar je rk
`nck|kjbnaj rk}{aiokjpk* V{k`kj krpa|
skrpn`ar e `krskrpn`ar*
Rnq{nk| `k Ebaove) O*I* ~ Ha|bïa A|wkje) O*K*
Iar pîbjnbar v|e~kbpnsar ~ ki v|ebkre
vrnbe`nahjòrpnbe* K`np* J{ksa Snrnòj* Lr* Ar* 1>>8* Bav* SNNN* Váh* <28 ‒ 2==*
Bkikjk|) H* Pîbjnbar V|e~kbpnsar* Abp{ainwabnòj k
njpk|v|kpabnòj kj ier áolnper biïjnbe) iale|ai ~ ce|kjrk* Peoe N* K`np* I{ha|* Lr* Ar* <662* Váh* 1;> ‒ 131
Okiajnk Diknj * El|ar beovikpar* Rnho{j` C|k{` * El|ar beovikpar
H|arraje `k Vnbeiie* Nj`nba`e|kr vrnbevapeiehnber
