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10th AECEF Proceedings

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(1)PROCEEDINGS OF THE 10TH AECEF SYMPOSIUM AECEF 2019 20–23 NOVEMBER, WROCŁAW, POLAND. TH. 10 AECEF SYMPOSIUM Cooperation between Universities and Industry in the Education and Employment of Civil Engineers: Current Expectations, Future Challenges. Edited by Piotr BERKOWSKI Alfredo SOEIRO José Ferreira LEMOS.

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Imagem

Fig. 1. Measures of the anthropocene
Fig. 2. Global temperature changes over past one-and-a-half century
Fig. 4. CO 2  emissions and its journey in the Earth's atmosphere in summer
Fig. 5. A map of predicted global warming  Fig. 6. Global warming predictions chart
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