Key to Poecilanthe species

RESUMO

(Sinopse do gênero Poecilanthe (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Brongniartieae)) Este trabalho apresenta

um tratamento sintético para as 10 espécies do gênero Poecilanthe (P. amazonica, P. effusa, P. falcata, P. grandiflora, P. hostmannii, P. itapuana, P. ovalifolia, P. parviflora, P. subcordata e P. ulei), incluindo

uma chave de identificação e a revisão da nomenclatura e distribuição geográfica. Além disso, a delimitação das espécies é brevemente discutida. Desta forma, P. grandiflora e P.falcata são consideradas espécies distintas; P.parviflora var. floribunda é considerada sinônimo da variedade típica; e quatro lectótipos são designados. Palavras-chave: Brongniartieae, Leguminosas, América do Sul, taxonomia.

ABSTRACT

(A synopsis of the genus Poecilanthe (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Brongniartieae)) This work presents a

synoptic treatment for the 10 species of Poecilanthe (P. amazonica, P. effusa, P. falcata, P. grandiflora, P. hostmannii, P. itapuana, P. ovalifolia, P. parviflora, P. subcordata and P. ulei), including an identification

key, nomenclatural revision and their updated geographic distribution data. In addition, species delimitation is briefly discussed. Poecilanthe grandiflora and P. falcata have been revised and are considered to be

distinct species; P. parviflora var. floribunda is considered to be a synonym of the typical variety; and four

lectotypes are designated.

Key words: Brongniartieae, Legumes, South America, taxonomy.

José Eduardo Meireles1 _{& Ana Maria Goulart de Azevedo Tozzi}1

I

Poecilanthe was established by Bentham

(1860), who described three species: P. grandiflora, P. subcordata and P. parviflora.

Later, a new variety, P. parviflora var. floribunda and another two species, P. ovalifolia and P. itapuana, were described

by Hassler (1913), Kleinhoonte (1925) and Lewis (1989), respectively.

Another five species were transferred into Poecilanthe: Amphiodon effusus and Cyclolobium amazonicum by Ducke (1932), Cyclolobiumhostmannii by Amshoff (1939a), Pterocarpusfalcatus by Heringer (1952) and

also by Ducke (1953) and Machaerium ulei

by Arroyo & Rudd (1973).

The tribal positioning of Poecilanthe is

historically controversial. It has been placed in the tribe Dalbergieae (Bentham 1860; Macbride 1943; Lavin 1987), Galegeae (Ducke 1953), Millettieae (Tephrosieae) (Geesink 1981) and Robinieae (Geesink 1984). Presently, the genus is assigned to the tribe Brongniartieae based largely on molecular data (Crisp et al.

Artigo recebido em 07/2006. Aceito para publicação em 03/2007.

1_{Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Departamento de Botânica, IB, Cx. Postal 6109, CEP 13083-970, Campinas,} SP, Brazil.

A

P

(L

,

P

, B

)

2000; Hu et al. 2000, 2002; Wojciechowski et al.; Ross & Crisp 2005) and alkaloid data

(Greinwald et al. 1995).

Poecilanthe species are distributed in

South America, mostly in tropical regions (Geesink 1981; Lewis 1987). Various species have been reported in floristic studies, e.g. Amshoff (1939b), Bentham (1862), Bernardi (1984), Burkart (1952), Ducke (1949, 1953), Hoehne (1941), Huber (1909) and Lewis (1987). All these works have been restricted to the study of one or a few species only and a complete overview of the genus and a comparative analysis of the specific characters of all species have not been undertaken before. Consequently, a complete key for the identification of all species of the genus has not been available previously, so that naming many specimens accurately to species has been difficult.

With the aim to contribute to a better understanding of Poecilanthe, this work briefly

T

Poecilanthe Benth., J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 4, Suppl.: 80. 1860. Type species: P. grandiflora

Benth.

Amphiodon Huber, Bol. Mus. Paraense

Hist. Nat. 5: 398. 1909. Type species: A. effusus

Huber.

Trees or shrubs. Stipules caducous. Leaves alternate, unifoliolate, or imparipinnate, with the leaflets alternate to opposite; stipels minute, often caducous. Inflorescences racemose or paniculate. Calyx turbinate or campanulate with 5 teeth, the upper 2 united almost to their apices; corolla

papilionaceous and bilaterally symmetrical, whitish, purple, lilac, or deep red, glabrous, the standard petal sub-orbicular or oblate, rarely cordate, the wing and keel petals auriculate, the keel petals shorter, adherent along part of the lower margin; the 10 stamens fused into an open sheath or the vexillary stamen free, anthers commonly dimorphic, the longer basifixed ones alternating with the shorter dorsifixed ones. Fruit dehiscent, woody, 2-valved, 1 to 7- seeded.

From the Greek “poecilo” vari-colored

and “anthos” flower. (Allen & Allen 1981;

Ross & Crisp 2005).

Key to Poecilanthe species

1. Leaves 1-foliolate, the single leaflet over 10 cm long.

2. Inflorescences usually 4.2₋8 cm long; fruits more than 10 cm long; seeds elliptic-ovate, 3-7 per pod ...5. P. hostmannii

2’. Inflorescences 1.8₋4(₋5.2) cm long; fruits less than 8 cm long; seeds transversely oblong or D-shaped, 1₋2 per pod ... 1. P. amazonica

1’. Leaves multifoliolate, if 1-foliolate (some specimens of P. ulei) than the leaflets less than

10 cm long.

3. Inflorescences highly-branched panicles; ovary sessile; fruits internally septate; Amazonian plants.

4. Leaves without stipels ... 2. P. effusa

4’. Leaves with stipels ... 7. P. ovalifolia

3’. Inflorescences racemes or poorly-branched panicles; ovary stipitate; fruits not septate; extra-Amazonian, occurring from north-eastern Brazil to Uruguay.

5. Inflorescences paired axillary racemes; flowers whitish; fruit margins plane. 6. Leaflets subsessile (pulvinule ca. 1 mm long), abaxial face usually presenting

some pubescence; flower pedicel 3₋5 mm long ... . 9. P. subcordata

6’. Leaflets distinctly pulvinulate (pulvinule over 2 mm long), abaxial face glabrous; flower pedicel 1₋2 mm long.

7. Leaflets coriaceous; fruits over 5 cm long, oblong-elliptic to obovate, with explosive dehiscence; inflorescences 5.5₋8 cm long ... 6. P. itapuana

7’. Leaflets membranaceous to chartaceous; fruits under 3.5 cm, with passive dehiscence, wide elliptical to orbicular; inflorescences 3₋4.5 cm long ...

... 8. P. parviflora

5’. Inflorescences panicles or solitary racemes, in the leaf axil or cauliflorous; flowers purplish; fruit upper margin enlarged or broadened into a woody ridge.

8. Inflorescence an umbeliform raceme flowers under 11 mm long, leaflet midvein often somewhat zig-zag-shaped ... 10. P. ulei

8’. Inflorescence a pyramidal raceme or panicle flowers over 14 mm long, leaflet midvein straight.

9. Floral buds oblong-ovate, subfalcate, apex acuminate and twisted; calyx over 13 mm long, the teeth longer than the tube ... 3. P. falcata

257

1. Poecilanthe amazonica (Ducke) Ducke, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris), ser. 2, 4: 734. 1932.

Cyclolobium amazonicum Ducke,

Arch. Jard. Bot., Rio de Janeiro 3: 146. 1922. Type: BRAZIL. AMAZONAS: “Barcellos, ad rivulum silvestrem”, 3.VII.1905, A. Ducke 7188 (lectotype RB!, here designated).

Figs. 1a, 1b Distribution and ecology: Trees 4−10 m high, occurring in Brazil and Venezuela (Fig. 2). Distributed in Amazonian forest, growing especially in sandy soil along black water, seasonally flooded forests (igapó) and in shrubby riparian vegetation.

Selected material: BRAZIL. AMAZONAS: Axinim, Terra Preta, 5.VII.1983, fl., J. L. Zarucchi 2961 (INPA,

MG, NY, RB); Manaus, 20.V.1882, fl., W. Schwacke 354 (P, photo US!, R, RB!, remaining syntypes);

Rio Tarumãzinho, 19.VII.2005, fr., J. E. Meireles 390

(UEC); São Gabriel da Cachoeira, 26.XI.1987, fr., M. L. Kawasaki 297 (INPA, NY). VENEZUELA.

AMAZONAS: Rio Orinoco, fl., J. J. Wurdack 43675

(NY, RB, U).

We are choosing Ducke 7188 as the

lectotype since W.Schwacke 354 is apparently

sterile, according to the available material and photos.

2. Poecilanthe effusa (Huber) Ducke, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) ser. 2, 4: 733. 1932.

Amphiodon effusus Huber, Bol. Mus.

Paraense Hist. Nat. 5: 398. 1909. Type: BRAZIL. PARÁ: Faro, Serra do Dedal, 3.IX.1907,

A. Ducke 8585 (holotype MG!, isotype BM!).

Figs. 1c, 1d Distribution and ecology: Small trees, 5₋ 10 m high recorded in Bolivia, Brazil and French Guiana (Barneby & Heald 2002) (Fig. 3). Widely distributed in Amazonian non-flooded forests (terra-firme), especially in secondary forests and clearings.

Vernacular names: cumaru-de-rato, gema-de-ovo.

Selected material: BRAZIL. ACRE: Rio Branco, 16.X.1980, fr., R. S. Lowrie 559 (MG). MARANHÃO:

Santa Luzia, 24.X.1980, fr., D. C. Daly 752 (INPA,

MG, NY). PARÁ: Porto Trombetas, Rio Cuminá-mirim, 13.X.1913, fl. & fr., A. Ducke 14977 (MG, RB).

RONDÔNIA: Ji-Paraná, 26.VI.1984, fl., C. A. Cid Ferreira 4811 (F, INPA, MG, NY, RB, UEC).

3. Poecilanthe falcata (Vell.) Heringer, Arquiv. Serv. Florest. 6: 197. 1952.

Pterocarpus falcatus Vell., Fl. Flum.: 300.

1829. Type: BRAZIL. RIO DE JANEIRO: Rio de Janeiro, “Habitat silvis, et fruticetis maritimis Regii Praedii Sanctae Crucis”, Vellozo, Fl. Flum. V.7, tab. 93. 1831 (lectotype, here designated).

Figs. 1e, 1f, 1g Distribution and ecology: Trees or shrubs, 1.5₋18 m high, occurring in Brazil, from southern Bahia, to central Rio de Janeiro, mainly in coastal vegetation (Fig. 4). It usually grows as a branched shrub in sandy soil of coastal vegetation (restinga), in Tabuleiro forests it can become a tree of 18 m in height.

Vernacular names: sucupira-amarela, angelim-ferro.

Selected material: BRAZIL. BAHIA: Ilhéus, Olivença, 14.V.1995, fr., W. W. Thomas 10910

(CEPEC, NY, RB). ESPÍRITO SANTO: Linhares, Reserva Natural da Vale do Rio Doce, 9.XI.2005, fl.,

G. S. Siqueira 196 (CVRD). RIO DE JANEIRO:

Arraial do Cabo, Morro do Miranda, 23.IX.1987, fl. e fr., D. Araujo 8224 (RB); Cabo Frio, Peró, 6.V.1987,

fr., H. C. Lima 2864 (RB).

According to Lima (1995) the plates of Flora Fluminensis (Vellozo 1831) can be considered the lectotypes of the species described therein, since the localization of Vellozo’s collection is unknown; however Lima (1995) did not designate the lectotype. One year after Heringer (1952), Ducke (1953) again made a combination for Pterocarpus falcatus

Vell. in Poecilanthe, creating the illegitimate

name Poecilanthe falcata (Vell.) Ducke.

4. Poecilanthe grandiflora Benth., J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 4, Suppl.: 80. 1860. Type: BRAZIL. MINAS GERAIS: “habitat in sylvis Capoés, Serro Frio”, C. F. P. Martius s.n. (holotype

M!, isotypes M!, photos K).

(Fig. 4). It grows especially in gallery forests and secondary vegetation.

Vernacular names: cabo-de-facão, chorão. Selected material: BRAZIL. BAHIA: Ibitiara, rio dos Remédios, 4.VI.1984, fr., M. M. Santos 99

(ALCB, CEPEC, HRB, HUEFS, IPA, MG). CEARÁ: Aiuaba, 5.XI.2003, fl., J. R. Lemos 131 (HUEFS,

SPF). MINAS GERAIS: “Serro Frio”, fl., C. F. P. Martius s.n. [14072, 14073, 14074] (M); Januária,

Vale do Peruaçú, 14.II.1998, fr., A. Salino 4058

(BHCB, NY). PARAÍBA: São José dos Cordeiros, 31.V.2003, fr., I. B. Lima 113 (HUEFS). PERNAMBUCO:

Venturosa, 8.X.1971, fl. e fr., D. Andrade-Lima 71-6541 (HRB, IPA, MBM, UEC).

Bentham (1860) suggested that

Pterocarpus falcatus was a synonym of P. grandiflora. Ducke (1953) considered P. grandiflora as a synonym of his

illegitimate name Poecilanthe falcata (Vell.)

Ducke. However, after analysis of herbarium material, we accept both Poecilanthe falcata

(Vell.) Heringer and P. grandiflora Benth.

as distinct species.

5. Poecilanthe hostmannii (Benth.) Amsh., Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 52: 61. 1939.

Cyclolobium hostmannii Benth., J.

Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 4, Suppl.: 52. 1860. Type: SURINAM: F.W. Hostmann 172

(holotype K (photo NY!); isotypes BM!, K, S!, P (photo US!))

Figs. 1i, 1j Distribution and ecology: Trees, 5₋15 m high, growing along rivers, but in areas that are not susceptible to seasonal flooding; in Amazonian forest in Brazil (Amapá and Amazonas), French Guiana and Surinam (Fig. 2).

Vernacular names: nikkoehout (Surinam). Selected material: BRAZIL. AMAPÁ: rio Araguari, 12.IX.1961, fr., J. M. Pires 50874 (B, IAN, MG, NY,

U, UB). AMAZONAS: Manaus, 5.V.1981, fr., L. Coelho 1839 (HRB, INPA, NY); Novo Aripuanã,

24.IV.1985, fl., C. A. Cid Ferreira 5741 (F, INPA,

MBM, MG, NY, RB). FRENCH GUIANA. ST. LAURENT DU MARONI: Saül, Eaux Claires, 11.II.1993, fr., S. A. Mori 22928 (NY).

6. Poecilanthe itapuana G.P.Lewis, Kew Bull. 44: 167. 1989. Type: BRAZIL. BAHIA: Salvador, dunas da Praia de Itapuã, 16.II.1982, R. Ribeiro 347, A. Ilha & L. Duarte 8

(holotype HRB!; isotypes GUA!, K (photo UEC!), RB!).

Distribution and ecology: Trees, 3₋6 m high. Occurs in Brazil, restricted to the northern Bahian coast, from Salvador to Conde (Fig. 5). It grows in white sand dunes vegetation, usually on the dune summit. Vernacular names: mucitaíba.

Selected material: BRAZIL. BAHIA: Salvador, Lagoa de Abaeté, 4.II.2000, fl. e fr., A. M. Carvalho 6846 (ALCB, CEPEC, HUEFS, MBM, NY); Conde,

fazenda do Bú, 12.XII.1995, fl., H. P. Bautista 1727

(HRB, HUEFS, RB).

7. Poecilanthe ovalifolia Kleinhoonte, Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 22: 398. 1925. Type: SURINAM: “am Tapanahoniflusse”, 11.XI.1918, J.W. Gonggrijps.n. (holotype U!;

isotypes IAN!, US!).

Distribution and ecology: P. ovalifolia

seems to be a rare species found in Tapanahoni River in Surinam (Fig. 3).

Vernacular names: kloemansingi (Amshoff 1939b).

Selected material: To date the species is only represented by the type.

8. Poecilanthe parviflora Benth.,J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 4, Suppl.: 80. 1860. Type: URUGUAY:

J. Tweedie 186 (lectotype K, here designated,

(photos C!, NY!, S!, US!))

Poecilanthe parviflora var. floribunda

Hassl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 372. 1913. Type: PARAGUAY. “In altaplanitie Sierra de Amambay, ad ripas fluminis Aguaray”, X.1912, E. Hassler 11438 (holotype G;

isotypes B, destroyed, (photo NY!), S!, US!),

syn. nov.

259

Figure 1 -Poecilanthe amazonica - a. flowering branch; b. fruit. P. effusa - c. flowering branch; d. fruit. P. falcata - e. flowering

branch; f. fruit; g. flower. P. grandiflora - h. flower. P. hostmannii - i. flowering branch; j. fruit. P. parviflora - k. fruits. P. subcordata - l. flowering branch; m. flower. P. ulei - n. leaflet venation; o. flowering branch. (a Rodrigues 5863; b Campbell P20822; c Fróes 30977; d Plowman 9430; e Nuness.n., SP 22530; f Kuhlmanns.n., RB 81387; g Nuness.n., SP 22530; h Andrade-Lima 54-1924; i Oldeman B3354; j Coelho 1839; k Galvão 28697; l-m Hatschbach 44400; n Harley 16206;

o Bondar 2209)

o i

k h

g

d c b

a

n f e

m l

j

2 cm

2 cm

2 cm

5 mm

5 mm

2 cm

2 cm

2 cm

2 cm

2 cm

2 cm

2 cm 2 cm

9. Poecilanthe subcordata Benth., J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 4, Suppl.: 80. 1860. Type: BRAZIL. MINAS GERAIS: “habitat in deserto Chapada do Paranan et ad fl. Carinhanha”, C.F.P. Martius s.n. (holotype M!, photo K).

Figs. 1l, 1m Distribution and ecology: Erect or scandent shrub, up to 1 m high. Occurring in south-western Bahia and northern Minas Gerais, in savanna and low caatinga (Fig. 5). The species has been little collected (only 4 collections were found) and appears to be rare.

Selected material: BRAZIL. BAHIA: Coribe, 17.IV.2002, fr., F. França 3844 (HUEFS); Correntina,

Chapadão Ocidental, 26.IV.1980, fr., R. M. Harley et al. 21805 (AAU, CEPEC, IPA, NY, RB, U, UEC);

Cristópolis, 10.X.1981, fl., G. Hatschbach 44400

(CEPEC, MBM, US).

10. Poecilanthe ulei (Harms) Arroyo & Rudd, Phytologia 25: 398. 1973. Machaerium

? ulei Harms, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42: 214. 1909.

Type: BRAZIL. BAHIA: “Strauch in der Catinga bei Calderão”, X.1906, E. Ule 7248

(holotype B, destroyed, (photos GH!, NY!); lectotype L!, here designated; isolectotypes G, K). Figs. 1n, 1o Distribution and ecology: Trees, 3₋10(₋15) m high, occurring in Bahia in open arboreal steppe (caatinga) (Fig. 4). The native occurrence of this species in southern Bahian moist coastal forest is doubtful. As the species is used to shade cocoa plantations (cabruca), it was possibly introduced into this moist, coastal forest type. As occurs with

P. falcata, this species can easily reach 15 m

in height when growing in less restrictive environments, such as the southern Bahian moist coastal forest.

Vernacular names: carrancudo; mucitaíba-branca.

Selected material: BRAZIL. BAHIA: Anguera, 30.XI.1991, fl., L. P. Queiroz 2508 (ALCB, ESA,

HRB, HUEFES, MBM); Ilhéus, CEPEC, II.2006, fl., J. E. Meireles 422 (UEC); Milagres,

17.XII.1981, fr., G. P. Lewis 835 (CEPEC, NY,

RB, UEC).

Figure 2 - Geographical distribution map of P. amazonica

and P. hostmannii, based on all material available to the authors, not just on the selected material cited here.

Figure 3 - Geographical distribution map of P. effusa

and P. ovalifolia, based on all material available to the

authors, not just on the selected material cited here.

Cultivated as an ornamental in São Paulo (Brazil) and Buenos Aires (Argentina: Burkart 1952). Vernacular names: coração-de-negro (Brazil), lapachillo (Argentina: Burkart 1952). Selected material: BRAZIL. PARANÁ: Ibiporã, rio Tibagi, 7.IV.1999, fr., A. L. Cavalheiro 50 (MBM).

RIO GRANDE DO SUL: Porto Alegre, morro do Sabiá, fl., 28.XII.1948, B. Rambo s.n. (B). SANTA

CATARINA: Florianópolis, lagoa do Peri 1.IV.1970, fr., Bresolim 8654 (ICN, MBM, RB). URUGUAY.

COLONIA: Punta Gorda, 30.XI.1932, fl., A. L. Cabrera 2629 (NY, SP).

Hassler (1913) described P. parviflora

var. floribunda mainly based on the 3-foliolate

261

D

The species of Poecilanthe can be

clustered in two groups based on geographical distribution. P. amazonica, P. effusa, P. hostmannii and P. ovalifolia occur in the

Amazonian region (Figs. 2, 3) while

P. falcata, P. grandiflora, P. itapuana, P. subcordata, P. parviflora and P. ulei

range from North-eastern to Southern Brazil and extend to Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay (Figs. 4, 5).

The Amazonian species can be further grouped by vegetative and reproductive characters. Poecilanthe amazonica and P. hostmannii have unifoliolate leaves and

racemose inflorescences (Figs. 1a, 1i), the standard petal base obtuse to auriculate, the ovary distinctly stipitate, and the fruit not septate, while P. effusa and P. ovalifolia

present 5₋7 leaflets per leaf and highly branched panicles (Fig. 1c), the standard petal base acute, the ovary sessile, and the fruit internally septate (Fig. 1d).

Poecilanthe amazonica differs from P. hostmannii in the shorter racemes (1.8₋

4(₋5.2) cm long) with clustered flowers (Fig. 1a), in having fruits that are less than 8 cm long (Fig. 1b), seeds 1 per pod (then transversely oblong) or 2 per pod (then D-shaped); while P. hostmannii has larger

(4.2₋8 cm long) and lax racemes (Fig. 1i), and fruits over 10 cm long (Fig. 1j) bearing 3₋7 elliptic-ovate seeds per pod.

T h e o n l y d i a g n o s t i c f e a t u r e o f

A. ovalifolius that we could observe by

ourselves is the presence of stipels in the leaf. The blue colour of the corolla is doubtful since this information is not present in the type collection labels. In spite of the differences cited above, these two species are very similar and more material from Surinam is required for a more detailed investigation of relationship.

Within the extra-Amazonian group, the species can be clustered by inflorescence type, flower colour and fruit morphology.

Figure 4 - Geographical distribution map of P. falcata, P. grandiflora and P. ulei, based on all material

available to the authors, not just on the selected material cited here.

Figure 5 - Geographical distribution map of P. itapuana, P. parviflora and P. subcordata, based on all material

available to the authors, not just on the selected material cited here.

Poecilanthe subcordata, P. itapuana and P. parviflora have paired racemes (Fig. 1l),

usually in the axil of each leaf, flowers whitish, and fruits with a plane margin (Fig. 1k), while

P. falcata, P.grandiflora and P. ulei have

Poecilanthe subcordata is easily

recognized by its subsessile leaflets (Fig. 1l) that often have a tomentose to pubescent abaxial face, and by the long-pedicellate flowers (3−5 mm long) (Fig. 1m). It is possible to distinguish P. itapuana from P. parviflora

by leaflet type, inflorescence type and fruit characters. Poecilanthe itapuana has

coriaceous leaflets, longer racemes (5.5₋8 cm long) and larger (over 5 cm long), oblong-elliptic and explosively dehiscent fruits.

Poecilanthe parviflora has membranaceous

leaflets, shorter racemes (3₋4.5 cm long) and smaller (to 3.5 cm long), wide elliptic to orbicular fruits (Fig. 1k) with a passive dehiscence.

Poecilanthe ulei can be distinguished

from the remaining extra-Amazonian species by its shorter (1.2₋3.5 cm long), umebeliform racemes (Fig. 1o); which bear small flowers (to 1 cm long). The resting buds in leaf axils are usually globose, and the leaflet midvein is somewhat zig-zag-shaped (Fig. 1n); these characters help recognize the species in non-flowering material. Poecilanthe falcata has

oblong, subfalcate, apically acuminate and twisted floral buds, flowers with the calyx over 13 mm long (Fig. 1g), the teeth lanceolate and longer than the tube. P. grandiflora has elliptic,

apically acute and straight floral buds, flowers with the calyx under 11 mm long (Fig. 1h), with the teeth equalling or shorter than the tube.

C

The genus Poecilanthe present a high

morphological diversity either in vegetative (leaf type), inflorescence (type), floral (stamens adelphy, ovary stipe) and fruit (septation, dehiscence) characters. Taking this morphological diversity and the geographical distribution into account,

Poecilanthe seems to comprise species that

cluster into two groups at least. This requires further study, especially the analysis of molecular data, to define if the genus is monophyletic.

A

We are grateful to the reviwers and to Haroldo Lima for the suggestions; to Gwilym Lewis for the information about K types and helpful comments; and to Mrs. E. Z. Borghi for preparing the illustrations. This work is part of the Masters thesis under development at Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas.

Financial support: CNPq/Fapesp/Faepex.

R

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______. 1939b. Papilionaceae. In: Pulle, A.

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______. 1862. Leguminosae I. In: Martius,

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