Application Notes: OAM - EFM
Application Notes: OAM - EFM
Ethernet in the First Mile
Documento de Uso Público. Data 28/04/2010, Revisão 1.17
Parecer
Introdução
Desenvolvimento
Habilitando o OAM
Visualização da configuração do OAM
Status do Protocolo OAM
Negociação habilitada
Negociação desabilitada
Tunelamento do OAM
Visualização da configuração do tunelamento
Status do Protocolo OAM
Aplicações
Link unidirecional SDH
Anel EAPS
Links de rádio
Rede com Spanning-Tree
Parecer
Este documento descreve o funcionamento do protocolo de OAM Operations, Administration, and
Maintenance chamado EFM Ethernet in the First Mile existente na linha de switches DATACOM séries
3000, 4000 e EDD.
Introdução
O protocolo OAM EFM é definido no padrão IEEE 802.3AH, o OAM prové mecanismos utéis para
monitorar o status do link como indicação de falha remota do link ou controle remoto da loopback. o
OAM prové aos operadores de rede a habilidade de monitorar a saúde da rede e rapidamente determinar a
localização de links com falhas ou condições de falhas. O OAM prové um mecanismo de camada de link
para complementar aplicações de camadas mais altas. as informações do protocolo são transmitidas
atráves do frame slow Protocol chamado de OAM Protocol Data Units (OAMPDUs). o OAMPDUs
contém a informação de status e controle usada para monitorar, testar e solucionar problemas de link
atráves do protocolo OAM quando habilitado nas interfaces. Os PDUS do OAM são ponto-a-ponto, ou
seja são trocados somente entre uma interface e outra não sendo encaminhados por switches.
Desenvolvimento
Habilitando o OAM
Habilitando o OAM na interface 1/25 do switch.
DmSwitch3000#configure
DmSwitch3000(config)#interface ethernet 1/25 DmSwitch3000(config-if-eth-1/25)#oam
Alterando o intervalo de envio das PDUs.
Valor mínimo é de 100 e máximo de 1000 Milisegundos.
Obs: O valor Padrão é de 1000 Milisegundos.
DmSwitch3000#configure
DmSwitch3000(config)#interface ethernet 1/25
DmSwitch3000(config-if-eth-1/25)#oam pdu-interval 100
Alterando o limite de espera pela PDU.
Valor mínimo é de 3 e máximo de 10 segundos.
Obs: O valor Padrão é de 5 segundos.
DmSwitch3000#configure
DmSwitch3000(config)#interface ethernet 1/25
DmSwitch3000(config-if-eth-1/25)#oam pdu-loss-limit 3
Alterando MAC de destino das PDUs
Esta opção é utilizada em casos de switches que filtrem o MAC padrão do Slow Protocols
01:80:C2:00:00:02, desta forma é necessário configurar o MAC de destino como alternativo, este
MAC é proprietário da DATACOM 01:04:DF:00:00:02.
DmSwitch3000#configure
DmSwitch3000(config)#interface ethernet 1/25
DmSwitch3000(config-if-eth-1/25)#slow-protocols destination-address alternative
Para alterar para o MAC de destino padrão standard
DmSwitch3000#configure
DmSwitch3000(config)#interface ethernet 1/25
DmSwitch3000(config-if-eth-1/25)#slow-protocols destination-address standard
DmSwitch3000(config-if-eth-1/25)#no slow-protocols destination-address
Visualização da configuração do OAM
DmSwitch3000#show oam
Events: UL - Link Down/Unidirectional link CE - Critical Event TO - Link OAM timeout
NO - No event -- - OAM disabled/Interface shutdown/Unknown(Remote)
Discovery: UN - Unsatisfied/Unknown(Remote) IN - Incomplete CO - Complete -- - Local OAM disabled/Local interface shutdown
Dest. Address: ST - Standard IEEE OAMPDUs destination MAC address AL - Alternative OAMPDUs destination MAC address
Local Remote Discovery Dest. OAMPDU Port Enable Event Event Local Remote Addr. Vendor/Model Interval Limit 1/ 1 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/ 2 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/ 3 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/ 4 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/ 5 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/ 6 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/ 7 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/ 8 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/ 9 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/10 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/11 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/12 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/13 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/14 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/15 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/16 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/17 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/18 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/19 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/20 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/21 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/22 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/23 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/24 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/25 YES NO NO CO CO ST DATACOM 17 1000ms 5 1/26 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/27 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5 1/28 NO -- -- -- -- ST -- -- 1000ms 5
Visualização detalhada da configuração de todas interfaces.
DmSwitch3000#show oam detail
DmSwitch3000#show oam detail ethernet 1/25
Ethernet 1/25:
OAM configuration:
OAM Enable: Enabled Mode: Active
Destination address: IEEE Standard OAMPDU Interval (ms): 1000
OAMPDU Loss Limit: 5 OAM status:
Local discovery: Complete Remote discovery: Complete Local event: No event Remote event: No event Remote link status: OK Negotiated Capabilities: Link events: No Remote loopback: No Unidirectional support: Yes Variable retrieval: No Peer information:
Vendor: 00:04:DF Model: 17 Mode: Active
Status do Protocolo OAM
Topologia utilizada para mostrar o status das interfaces quando for desconectado o RX ou TX utilizando
negociação ou sem negociação.
Negociação habilitada
Com negociação habilitada nas interfaces se for desconectado o RX,TX ou ambos o link irá ficar DOWN,
devido a isto as interfaces dos dois switches irão ficar com estado unidirecional.
show log ram tail
Jan 1 19:27:02 DM3000 : <5> Interface Ethernet 1/25 changed state to down
Jan 1 19:27:02 DM3000 : <4> Unidirectional link detected or link down on port 1/25, blocking
show oam detail ethernet 1/25
Ethernet 1/25:
OAM configuration:
Mode: Active
Destination address: IEEE Standard OAMPDU Interval (ms): 1000
OAMPDU Loss Limit: 5 OAM status:
Local discovery: Unknown Remote discovery: Complete
Local event: Link is down/unidirectional Remote event: No event
Remote link status: OK Negotiated Capabilities: Link events: No Remote loopback: No Unidirectional support: Yes Variable retrieval: No
Peer information: Not available
show interfaces status ethernet 1/25 Information of Eth 1/25
Basic information:
Port type: SFP
MAC address: 00:04:DF:12:A4:16 Configuration:
Name: Port admin: Up Speed-duplex: Auto
Capabilities: 10M half, 10M full, 100M half, 100M full, 1000M full Flow-control: Disabled
MDIX: Auto Slow Protocols MAC: Standard LACP: Disabled OAM: Enabled
Loopback Detection: Enabled - Unblock hysteresis: 30 sec Link-Flap Detection: Enabled - Unblock hysteresis: 30 sec Current status:
Link status: Down (BLOCKED) - Unidirectional Link
show interfaces link
Speed: (t-) 10Mbit/s, (h-) 100Mbit/s, (g-) 1Gbit/s, (x-) 10Gbit/s Duplex: (-h) Half, (-f) Full
Blocked: (LF) Link-flap, (LB) Loopback, (UD) Unidirectional, (1X) 802.1X (BL) Backup-link Config.: (SD) Shutdown Unit 1 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 SD SD UD 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27
Negociação desabilitada
Com negociação desabilitada nas interfaces, a interface do switch que perder o RX irá ficar com link
DOWN e estado Unidirecional e a interface do switch que perder o TX irá ficar com link UP e estado
crítico critical event, nos dois casos as interfaces são bloqueadas para receber ou enviar somente PDUs do
OAM.
Equipamento que perdeu o RX
DM3000-2#show log ram tail
Mar 26 14:19:36 DM3000_106 : <5> Interface Ethernet 1/25 changed state to down
Mar 26 14:19:36 DM3000_106 : <4> Unidirectional link detected or link down on port 1/25, blocking
DM3000-2# show oam detail ethernet 1/25
Ethernet 1/25:
OAM configuration: OAM Enable: Enabled Mode: Active Destination address: IEEE Standard OAMPDU Interval (ms): 1000
OAMPDU Loss Limit: 5 OAM status: Local discovery: Unknown Remote discovery: Complete
Local event: Link is down/unidirectional Remote event: No event
Remote link status: OK Negotiated Capabilities: Link events: No Remote loopback: No Unidirectional support: Yes Variable retrieval: No
Peer information: Not available
DM3000-2#show interfaces status ethernet 1/25 Information of Eth 1/25
Basic information:
Port type: SFP
MAC address: 00:04:DF:12:8A:42 Configuration:
Name: Port admin: Up
Speed-duplex: 1000M full
Capabilities: 10M half, 10M full, 100M half, 100M full, 1000M full Flow-control: Disabled
MDIX: Auto Slow Protocols MAC: Standard LACP: Disabled OAM: Enabled
Loopback Detection: Enabled - Unblock hysteresis: 30 sec Link-Flap Detection: Enabled - Unblock hysteresis: 30 sec Current status:
Link status: Down (BLOCKED) - Unidirectional Link
DM3000-2# show interfaces link
Speed: (t-) 10Mbit/s, (h-) 100Mbit/s, (g-) 1Gbit/s, (x-) 10Gbit/s Duplex: (-h) Half, (-f) Full
Blocked: (LF) Link-flap, (LB) Loopback, (UD) Unidirectional, (1X) 802.1X (BL) Backup-link Config.: (SD) Shutdown Unit 1 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 UD 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27
Equipamento que perdeu o TX
DM3000-1#show log ram tail
Jan 1 19:53:41 DM3000_106 : <4> OAM: critical event detected on port 1/25, blocking
DM3000-1#show oam detail ethernet 1/25
Ethernet 1/25:
OAM configuration:
OAM Enable: Enabled Mode: Active
Destination address: IEEE Standard OAMPDU Interval (ms): 1000
OAMPDU Loss Limit: 5 OAM status:
Local discovery: Unknown Remote discovery: Complete Local event: Critical event Remote event:
Remote link status: OK Negotiated Capabilities: Link events: No Remote loopback: No Unidirectional support: Yes Variable retrieval: No
Peer information: Not available
DM3000-1#show interfaces status ethernet 1/25 Information of Eth 1/25
Basic information:
Port type: SFP
MAC address: 00:04:DF:12:A4:16 Configuration:
Name: Port admin: Up
Speed-duplex: 1000M full
Capabilities: 10M half, 10M full, 100M half, 100M full, 1000M full Flow-control: Disabled
MDIX: Auto Slow Protocols MAC: Standard LACP: Disabled OAM: Enabled
Loopback Detection: Enabled - Unblock hysteresis: 30 sec Link-Flap Detection: Enabled - Unblock hysteresis: 30 sec Current status:
Link status: Up (BLOCKED) - Critical Event Operation speed-duplex: 1000M full
Flow control: Disabled MDIX: Normal
DM3000-1#show interfaces link
Speed: (t-) 10Mbit/s, (h-) 100Mbit/s, (g-) 1Gbit/s, (x-) 10Gbit/s Duplex: (-h) Half, (-f) Full
Blocked: (LF) Link-flap, (LB) Loopback, (UD) Unidirectional, (1X) 802.1X (BL) Backup-link
Unit 1 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 UD 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27
Tunelamento do OAM
Exemplo de aplicação com OAM utilizando tunelamento através de uma nuvem para podermos conhecer o
estado do link das interfaces dos switches das pontas.
Configuração dos Switches
DM3000-1
DM3000-1#configure DM3000-1(config)#lldp
DM3000-1(config)#interface vlan 100
DM3000-1(config-if-vlan-100)#set-member untagged ethernet 1/25 DM3000-1(config-if-vlan-100)#interface ethernet 1/25
DM3000-1(config-if-eth-1/25)#switchport native vlan 100 DM3000-1(config-if-eth-1/25)#oam DM3000-1(config-if-eth-1/25)#speed-duplex 1000full DM3000-1(config-if-eth-1/25)#no negotiation
DM4004
DM4004#configure DM4004(config)#lldp DM4004(config)#interface vlan 200DM4004(config-if-vlan-200)#set-member untagged ethernet range 2/1 2/2 DM4004(config-if-vlan-200)#interface ethernet range 2/1 2/2
DM4004(config-if-eth-2/1-to-2/2)#switchport native vlan 200 DM4004(config-if-eth-2/1-to-2/2)#interface ethernet 2/1 DM4004(config-if-eth-2/1)#l2protocol-tunnel oam
DM4004(config-if-eth-2/1)#speed-duplex 1000full DM4004(config-if-eth-2/1)#no negotiation
DM4001
DM4001#configure DM4001(config)#lldp
DM4001(config)#interface vlan 200
DM4001(config-if-vlan-200)#set-member untagged ethernet range 1/1 1/2 DM4001(config-if-vlan-200)#interface ethernet range 1/1 1/2
DM4001(config-if-eth-1/1-to-1/2)#switchport native vlan 200 DM4001(config-if-eth-1/1-to-1/2)#interface ethernet 1/1 DM4001(config-if-eth-1/1)#l2protocol-tunnel oam DM4001(config-if-eth-1/1)#speed-duplex 1000full DM4001(config-if-eth-1/1)#no negotiation
DM3000-2
DM3000-2#configure DM3000-2(config)#lldp DM3000-2(config)#interface vlan 100DM3000-2(config-if-vlan-100)#set-member untagged ethernet 1/25 DM3000-2(config-if-vlan-100)#interface ethernet 1/25
DM3000-2(config-if-eth-1/25)#switchport native vlan 100 DM3000-2(config-if-eth-1/25)#oam
DM3000-1(config-if-eth-1/25)#speed-duplex 1000full DM3000-1(config-if-eth-1/25)#no negotiation
Visualização da configuração do OAM
Verificando nos Switches DM3000 que o OAM está completo.
DM3000-1
DM3000-1#show oam detail ethernet 1/25
Ethernet 1/25:
OAM configuration:
OAM Enable: Enabled Mode: Active
Destination address: IEEE Standard OAMPDU Interval (ms): 1000
OAMPDU Loss Limit: 5 OAM status:
Local discovery: Complete Remote discovery: Complete Local event: No event Remote event: No event Remote link status: OK Negotiated Capabilities: Link events: No Remote loopback: No Unidirectional support: Yes Variable retrieval: No Peer information:
Vendor: 00:04:DF Model: 17 Mode: Active
DM3000-2
DM3000-2# show oam detail ethernet 1/25
Ethernet 1/25:
OAM configuration:
OAM Enable: Enabled Mode: Active
Destination address: IEEE Standard OAMPDU Interval (ms): 1000
OAMPDU Loss Limit: 5 OAM status:
Local discovery: Complete Remote discovery: Complete Local event: No event Remote event: No event Remote link status: OK Negotiated Capabilities: Link events: No Remote loopback: No Unidirectional support: Yes Variable retrieval: No Peer information:
Vendor: 00:04:DF Model: 19 Mode: Active
Visualização da configuração do tunelamento
Verificando se o tunelamento está habilitado no DM4004 e DM4001.
DM4004
DM4004#show l2protocol-tunnel interface ethernet 2/1 Eth 2/1
CDP packets tunneling: Disabled STP packets tunneling: Disabled VTP packets tunneling: Disabled PVST packets tunneling: Disabled UDLD packets tunneling: Disabled PAgP packets tunneling: Disabled LACP packets tunneling: Disabled 802.1X packets tunneling: Disabled OAM packets tunneling: Enabled Marker packets tunneling: Disabled GVRP packets tunneling: Disabled
DM4001
DM4001#show l2protocol-tunnel interface ethernet 1/1 Eth 1/1
CDP packets tunneling: Disabled STP packets tunneling: Disabled VTP packets tunneling: Disabled PVST packets tunneling: Disabled
UDLD packets tunneling: Disabled PAgP packets tunneling: Disabled LACP packets tunneling: Disabled 802.1X packets tunneling: Disabled OAM packets tunneling: Enabled Marker packets tunneling: Disabled GVRP packets tunneling: Disabled
Status do Protocolo OAM
Status do protocolo na topologia com tunelamento quando for desconectado o RX ou TX utilizando
negociação.
Enlace DM3000-1 - DM4004
Perda do RX da interface 1/25 do DM3000-1 e TX da interface 2/1 do DM4004
Switch
DM3000-1
DM4004 DM4001
DM3001-2
Estado Unidirectional Link UP Link UP Critical Event
Perda do TX da interface 1/25 do DM3000-1 e RX da interface 2/1 do DM4004
Switch
DM3000-1
DM4004
DM4001
DM3001-2
Estado Critical Event Link DOWN Link UP Critical Event
Perda do RX da interface 2/2 do DM4004 e TX da interface 1/2 do DM4001
Switch
DM3000-1
DM4004
DM4001
DM3001-2
Estado Critical Event Link DOWN Link UP Critical Event
Perda do TX da interface 2/2 do DM4004 e RX da interface 1/2 do DM4001
Switch
DM3000-1
DM4004
DM4001
DM3001-2
Estado Critical Event Link UP Link DOWN Critical Event
Enlace DM4001 - DM3000-2
Perda do RX da interface 1/25 do DM3000-2 e TX da interface 1/1 do DM4001
Switch
DM3000-1
DM4004 DM4001
DM3001-2
Estado Critical Event Link UP Link UP Unidirectional
Perda do TX da interface 1/25 do DM3000-2 e RX da interface 1/1 do DM4001
Switch
DM3000-1
DM4004
DM4001
DM3001-2
Estado Critical Event Link UP Link DOWN Critical Event
Aplicações
Link unidirecional SDH
Exemplo de utilização do protocolo OAM utilizando uma topologia com transporte SDH Synchronous
digital hierarchy.
Configuração dos Switches
DM3000-1
DM3000-1#configure DM3000-1(config)#lldp
DM3000-1(config)#interface vlan 100
DM3000-1(config-if-vlan-100)#set-member untagged ethernet 1/25 DM3000-1(config-if-vlan-100)#interface ethernet 1/25
DM3000-1(config-if-eth-1/25)#switchport native vlan 100 DM3000-1(config-if-eth-1/25)#oam
DM3000-2
DM3000-2#configure DM3000-2(config)#lldp
DM3000-2(config)#interface vlan 100
DM3000-2(config-if-vlan-100)#set-member untagged ethernet 1/25 DM3000-2(config-if-vlan-100)#interface ethernet 1/25
DM3000-2(config-if-eth-1/25)#switchport native vlan 100 DM3000-2(config-if-eth-1/25)#oam
Verificar o neighbor do DM3000 1 e 2 para verificar a existência de comunicação dos equipamentos
passando pelo SDH.
DM3000-1# show lldp neighbor
LLDP Eth 1/25 Total neighbors = 1
Neighbor:
Port ID (subtype 5): Port25
Port Description : Ethernet Port on unit 1, port:25 System Name : DM3000-1
System Description : DmSwitch3224F2 System Capabilities Supported:
bridge
System Capabilities Enabled: bridge
DM3000-2#show lldp neighbor
LLDP Eth 1/25 Total neighbors = 1
Neighbor:
Chassis ID (subtype 4): 00:04:DF:12:A3:FD Port ID (subtype 5): Port25
Port Description : Ethernet Port on unit 1, port:25 System Name : DM3000-2
System Description : DmSwitch3324F2 System Capabilities Supported:
bridge router
System Capabilities Enabled: bridge
Queda do link SDH
Se houver uma queda do link SDH será logado na RAM/FLASH e Syslog se configurado uma mensagem
de critical event detected e a interface 1/25 será bloqueada.
DM3000-1
DM3000-1# show log ram tail
Mar 19 19:42:43 DM3000_106 : <4> OAM: critical event detected on port 1/25, blocking
DM3000-1#show oam detail ethernet 1/25
Ethernet 1/25:
OAM configuration:
OAM Enable: Enabled Mode: Active
Destination address: IEEE Standard OAMPDU Interval (ms): 1000
OAMPDU Loss Limit: 5 OAM status:
Local discovery: Unknown Remote discovery: Complete Local event: Critical event Remote event:
Remote link status: OK Negotiated Capabilities: Link events: No
Remote loopback: No Unidirectional support: Yes Variable retrieval: No
Peer information: Not available
DM3000-2
DM3000-2#show log ram tail
Mar 19 19:42:44 DM3000_106 : <4> OAM: critical event detected on port 1/25, blocking
DM3000-2#show oam detail ethernet 1/25
Ethernet 1/25:
OAM configuration:
OAM Enable: Enabled Mode: Active
Destination address: IEEE Standard OAMPDU Interval (ms): 1000
OAMPDU Loss Limit: 5 OAM status:
Local discovery: Unknown Remote discovery: Complete Local event: Critical event Remote event:
Remote link status: OK Negotiated Capabilities: Link events: No Remote loopback: No Unidirectional support: Yes Variable retrieval: No
Peer information: Not available
Restabelecimento do link SDH
Quando for restabelecido o link SDH será logado na RAM/FLASH e Syslog se configurado uma
mensagem de critical event recovered e a interface 1/25 será desbloqueada.
DM3000-1
DM3000-1#show log ram tail
Mar 19 19:52:42 DM3000_106 : <4> OAM: critical event recovered on port 1/25, unblocking
DM3000-1#show oam detail ethernet 1/25
Ethernet 1/25:
OAM configuration:
OAM Enable: Enabled Mode: Active
Destination address: IEEE Standard OAMPDU Interval (ms): 1000
OAMPDU Loss Limit: 5 OAM status:
Local discovery: Complete Remote discovery: Complete Local event: No event Remote event: No event Remote link status: OK
Negotiated Capabilities: Link events: No Remote loopback: No Unidirectional support: Yes Variable retrieval: No Peer information: Vendor: 00:04:DF Model: 17 Mode: Active
DM3000-2
DM3000-2#show log ram tail
Mar 19 19:52:43 DM3000_106 : <4> OAM: critical event recovered on port 1/25, unblocking
DM3000-2#show oam detail ethernet 1/25
Ethernet 1/25:
OAM configuration:
OAM Enable: Enabled Mode: Active
Destination address: IEEE Standard OAMPDU Interval (ms): 1000
OAMPDU Loss Limit: 5 OAM status:
Local discovery: Complete Remote discovery: Complete Local event: No event Remote event: No event Remote link status: OK Negotiated Capabilities: Link events: No Remote loopback: No Unidirectional support: Yes Variable retrieval: No Peer information:
Vendor: 00:04:DF Model: 19 Mode: Active