Educ. Soc. vol.34 número124

LES TRANSFORMATIONS RÉCENTES DES POLITIQUES D’

ACCOUNTABILITY

EN

ÉDUCATION : ENJEUX ET INCIDENCES DES OUTILS D’ACTION PUBLIQUE

C

M

A

V

RÉSUMÉ: Nous proposons une discussion sur la diversité des outils et arrangements institutionnels qui sontmobilisés pour mettre en œuvre les politiques d’accountability. Nous présentons d’abord les dimensions communes de ces politiques mais aussi la diversité des formes qu’elles revêtent dans divers contextes. Nous discutons ensuite les typologies existantes de ces politiques et leurs limites avant de développer notre proposition de typologie évolutive des politiques et instruments d’accountability dans une troisième section. L’analyse de l’évolution des outils mobilisés par les pouvoirs publics nous permet ainsi de cerner ce qui fait la nouveauté des « nouvelles » politiques d’accountability, et d'en dégager les significations et les enjeux socio-politiques actuels.

Mots-clés: Politiques éducatives. Accountability. Instruments d’action publique. Typologie.

C

:

ISSUES AND IMPLICATIONS OF POLICY TOOLS

ABSTRACT: Our purpose is to introduce a discussion on the diversity of tools and institutional arrangements which are mobilized to implement accountability policies. We first present the common dimensions of these policies but also the diversity of the forms they take in different contexts. We then discuss the existing typology of these policies and also their limitations before to establish a dynamic typology of policies and instruments of accountability in a third section. The analysis of the evolution of the tools used by the government enable us to make clearer the novelty of the "new" accountability policies, the meanings and the current socio-political issues of these policies.

Keys words: Education policies. Accountability. Policy tools. Typology.

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∗ _{Profesor on Faculty of Education, University of Montreal (Canada). E-mail: <christian.maroy@umontreal.ca>}

∗∗ _{PHD student and research assistant on Faculty of Education, University of Montreal (Canada). E-mail:}

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