DURABILITY-RELATED CHARACTERISTICS OF DOUBLE-LAYER STRUCTURES OF PIPELINES CONNECTED TO POLYMERIC SLEEVES

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ɓɟɪɛɚɤɨɜ

ɎȽȻɈɍ ȼɉɈ

«

ɆȽɋɍ

», *

ɈȺɈ

«

Ɇɨɫɜɨɞɨɤɚɧɚɥɇɂɂɩɪɨɟɤɬ

»,

**

ɎȽȻɈɍ ȼɉɈ

«

ȼȽȺɋɍ

»

ɉɊɈɑɇɈɋɌɇɕȿ ɏȺɊȺɄɌȿɊɂɋɌɂɄɂ ȾȼɍɏɋɅɈɃɇɕɏ

ɄɈɇɋɌɊɍɄɐɂɃ ɌɊɍȻɈɉɊɈȼɈȾ

—

ɉɈɅɂɆȿɊɇɕɃ ɊɍɄȺȼ

ɉɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɟɜ ɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɦɟ -ɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜ ɤ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɭ ɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɩɨ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤ -ɰɢɢ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɵɯ ɫɟɬɟɣ ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɵɦ ɪɭɤɚɜɨɦ.

Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ: ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ, ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦ, ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ, ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟ -ɫɤɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ,ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɵ ɧɚɩɨɪɧɵɟ,ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɵ ɛɟɡɧɚɩɨɪɧɵɟ,ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɵɣ ɪɭɤɚɜ

ɋɬɚɪɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɢɡɧɨɫ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɜ ɫɟɬɟɣ ɜɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɨɞɨɨɬɜɟ

-ɞɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɪɨɞɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɬ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɪ ɩɨ ɢɯ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɢ

ɦɨɞɟɪɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ

[1].

ȼ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ ɞɟɫɹɬɢɥɟɬɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ

,

ɪɟɦɨɧɬɚ ɢ ɪɟɤɨɧ

-ɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɜ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɧɨɜɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟ

-ɧɢɟ

,

ɩɨɥɭɱɢɜɲɟɟ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɛɟɫɬɪɚɧɲɟɣɧɨɣ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ

(

ɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɢ

)

ɧɨ

-ɜɵɯ ɢ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ

(

ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ

)

ɫɬɚɪɵɯ

(

ɜɟɬɯɢɯ

)

ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɜ

.

ɉɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ

ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɛɟɫɬɪɚɧɲɟɣɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɚ ɢ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɜ ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɯ ɜɨɞɨ

-ɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɵɯ ɢ ɤɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɟɬɟɣ

(

ɫɚɧɚɰɢɹ ɬɪɭɛ

)

ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɦ

ɞɥɹ Ɇɨɫɤɜɵ

—

ɤɪɭɩɧɟɣɲɟɝɨ ɝɨɪɨɞɚ

-

ɦɟɝɚɩɨɥɢɫɚ ɫ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɡɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ

,

ɪɚɡ

-ɜɢɬɨɣ ɢɧɮɪɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɨɣ

,

ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɬɨɤɚɦɢ

,

ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ

ɫɤɭɱɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɣ ɜ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ

.

ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɨɜɨɦɭ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɨɦɭ ɨɩɵɬɭ

,

ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟ

-ɬɨɞɨɜ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɩɨɪɧɵɯ ɢ ɫɚɦɨɬɟɱɧɵɯ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɜ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ

ɢɯ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɸɸ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɢɛɤɢɯ ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɵɯ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɯ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɣ

(

ɪɭɤɚɜɨɜ

),

ɤɨɬɨ

-ɪɵɟ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɹ

(

ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɢɡɚɰɢɢ

)

ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɞɥɢɬɶ ɫɪɨɤ ɫɥɭɠ

-ɛɵ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɬ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɭɸ ɧɟɫɭɳɭɸ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɣ

ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ

.

ȼɵɛɨɪ ɬɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɵ

-ɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɤɢ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɯ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɭɱɚɫɬ

-ɤɨɜ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɜ ɢ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɬɢɡɵ ɩɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɸ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɪɟ

-ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ

[2].

ȼ ɤɚɠɞɨɦ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɸ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɚɬ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ

ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ɢ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɟɝɨ ɢɡɧɨɫɚ

,

ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɚɹ ɩɨ ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɟ ɫɬɟɧɤɢ

,

ɩɪɨ

-ɬɹɠɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɧɨɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ

,

ɟɝɨ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ

,

ɜɢɞ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɭɟɦɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ

,

ɨɤɪɭ

-ɠɚɸɳɚɹ ɧɚɡɟɦɧɚɹ ɢ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɚɹ ɢɧɮɪɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ

,

ɬɢɩ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ

,

ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɯ ɜɨɞ

ɢ ɪɹɞ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ

.

ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ

,

ɱɬɨ

,

ɧɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ

ɨɩɵɬɚ ɢ ɪɹɞɚ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɵɯ ɧɚɪɚɛɨɬɨɤ ɩɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɵɯ ɪɭɤɚɜɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɚ

ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɜɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɨɞɨɨɬɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɪɨɞɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ

,

ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ

ɜɪɟɦɹ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɭɧɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ ɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɹ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɱ

-ɧɨɫɬɧɨɦɭ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɭ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɨɥɢ

-ɦɟɪɧɵɦ ɪɭɤɚɜɨɦ

.

-ɜɚɧɢɸ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɩɨ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɵɯ ɫɟɬɟɣ ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɵɦ

ɪɭɤɚɜɨɦ

.

Ɉɫɧɨɜɭ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɭɤɚɜɚ

,

ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɤɚɤ ɨɞɧɨ ɰɟɥɨɟ ɫ

ɪɟɦɨɧɬɧɵɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɦ ɫɬɚɪɨɝɨ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨ ɨɬ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɟɝɨ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟ

-ɧɢɹ

,

ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɵɯ ɪɚɫɬɹɝɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɥɨɬɤɨɜɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ

ɬɪɭɛɵ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɝɢɛɨɜ ɜ ɫɜɨɞɟ ɩɪɢ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɟɫɚ ɬɪɭɛɵ

,

ɧɚ

-ɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ ɨɬ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɝɨ ɧɚɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɹ

.

ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ

,

ɱɬɨ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ

ɞɜɭɯɫɥɨɣɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɬɪɭɞɨɟɦɨɤ

,

ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɧɟɫɭɳɟɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ

ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜ

,

ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟ

-ɥɹɦɢ ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɭɤɚɜɚ ɢ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ

,

ɧɨ ɢ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɪɹɞɚ

ɜɧɟɲɧɢɯ ɞɟɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ

(

ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɡɚɥɟɝɚɧɢɹ ɬɪɭɛɵ

,

ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜɵɯ

ɜɨɞ

,

ɧɚɥɢɱɢɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɢ ɬ

.

ɞ

.).

ɗɬɨ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɞɥɹ ɗȼɆ

.

Ɍɚɤɚɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ

«

Ɋɭɤɚɜ

»

ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɚ ɧɚ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɟ ɜɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ ɆȽɋɍ ɢ ɧɚɲɥɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɆȽɍɉ

«

Ɇɨɫɜɨ

-ɞɨɤɚɧɚɥ

».

ɇɢɠɟ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɞɜɭɯɫɥɨɣɧɨɣ

ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɱɭɝɭɧ

+

ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɵɣ ɪɭɤɚɜ

(

ɧɚɩɨɪɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ

)

ɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ

ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ

«

Ɋɭɤɚɜ

»

ɩɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɭ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɞɜɭɯ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɨ

-ɫɬɨɹɧɢɣ

(

ɧɟɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɫɭɳɟɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɜ

).

ȼ ɩɟɪɜɨɦ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ ɱɭɝɭɧ

+

ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɵɣ ɪɭɤɚɜ

ɞɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ

,

ɧɟ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɹɫɶ ɩɨ ɫɥɨɹɦ

,

ɢɦɟɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɭɸ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɭ ɫɬɟɧɤɢ

d,

ɦ

,

ɩɪɢɜɟ

-ɞɟɧɧɭɸ ɤ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɟ ɫɬɟɧɤɢ ɱɭɝɭɧɧɨɣ ɬɪɭɛɵ

d

,

ɦ

,

ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ

D,

ɦ

,

ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ

ɩ ɱ ɩ

ɱ ,

E

d d d

E

(1)

ɝɞɟ

d

—

ɬɨɥɳɢɧɚ ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɭɤɚɜɚ

,

ɦ

;

ȿ

—

ɦɨɞɭɥɶ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɱɭɝɭɧɧɨɣ ɬɪɭ

-ɛɵ

,

Ɇɉɚ

;

E

—

ɦɨɞɭɥɶ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɪɭɤɚɜɚ

,

Ɇɉɚ

.

ȼɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ

d

ɢ

ȿ

ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɢɡ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɭɝɭɧɧɨɣ ɬɪɭɛɵ

R

Ɇɉɚ

,

ɫ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɨɣ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɧɤɢ

d

ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ

*

ɱ

,

2

D

p

P

R

d

T

V

d

(2)

ɝɞɟ

Ɋ

—

ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ

,

Ɇɉɚ

;

ɪ

—

ɧɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɵɣ ɦɧɨɠɢɬɟɥɶ

,

Ɇɉɚ

,

ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɨɬ ɝɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ

,

ɩɟɪɟɞɚɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɱɭɝɭɧ

-ɧɨɣ ɬɪɭɛɨɣ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɵɣ ɪɭɤɚɜ

,

ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɵɣ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ

19

,

3

p

H

H

(3)

ɝɞɟ

ɇ

—

ɝɥɭɛɢɧɚ ɡɚɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ

,

ɦ

;

—

ɛɟɡɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɵɣ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɧɚɩɪɹ

-ɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɬɪɭɛɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ

,

ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɦɵɣ ɩɨ ɷɦɩɢɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ

G

T

= 220,37e

(4)

ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɛɟɡɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ

ɚ

,

ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ

ɚ

=

2d/D. (5)

ȼɨ ɜɬɨɪɨɦ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ ɱɭɝɭɧ

+

ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɵɣ ɪɭɤɚɜ

ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɢɡɧɨɲɟɧɧɭɸ ɱɭɝɭɧɧɭɸ ɬɪɭɛɭ ɫ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɩɟɪɜɨɧɚ

-ɱɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɧɤɢ

Ʉ

d

ɢ ɫ ɩɨɧɢɠɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ

Ʉ

ȿ

ɢ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɧɨɣ

ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚɦɢ

Ʉ

R

,

ɝɞɟ

Ʉ

,

Ʉ

,

Ʉ

—

ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵ ɢɡɧɨɫɚ ɬɪɭɛɵ

,

ɦɟɧɶɲɢɟ ɟɞɢ

-ɧɢɰɵ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɵɟ ɩɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ ɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ

.

ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɭɛɵ

H

,

ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɬɶ

0,005,

ɞɨɥɢ ɟɞɢ

-ɧɢɰ

,

ɢɥɢ

0,05, %,

ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ

2 ɱ 2 ɱ

0, 005,

2

p

D

P

K E

d K

ȿ

T T

H H d

(6)

ɝɞɟ

H

—

ɷɦɩɢɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɛɟɡɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɵɣ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ

,

ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɵɣ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ

H

T

= 2829,7e

(7)

ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ

ɚ

,

ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ

(5).

ɋ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɩɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɭ ɞɜɭɯɫɥɨɣɧɵɯ ɬɪɭɛɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ

«

Ɋɭɤɚɜ

»,

ɩɪɨɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɱɭɝɭɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɭ

-ɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ɢ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɵ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɵ ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɭɤɚɜɚ ɨɬ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɡɚɥɟɝɚ

-ɧɢɹ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ɢ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɯ ɜɨɞ

.

Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɞɜɚ ɢɡ ɧɢɯ

.

ɂɫɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɫɥɭɱɚɹ ɧɟɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɫɭɳɟɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɭɝɭɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɭ

-ɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ

:

ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɣ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ

D,

ɦ

0,6;

ɝɥɭɛɢɧɚ ɡɚɥɟɝɚɧɢɹ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ

H,

ɦ

3,5;

ɜɵɫɨɬɚ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜɵɯ ɜɨɞ ɧɚɞ ɥɨɬɤɨɦ ɬɪɭɛɵ

ɇ

,

ɦ

1;

ɦɨɞɭɥɶ ɭɩɪɭɝɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɭɤɚɜɚ

ȿ

,

ɬ

/

ɦ

100000;

ɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɚɹ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɚ ɫɬɟɧɤɢ ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɭɤɚɜɚ

d

ɦ

0,001;

ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ

Ɋ

,

ɬ

/

ɦ

ɢɥɢ ɦ ɜɨɞ

.

ɫɬ

. 20.

Ⱦɥɹ ɫɥɭɱɚɹ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɫɭɳɟɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɤ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɦ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɞɨɛɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ

ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚɯ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ

,

ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ

:

ɩɟɪɜɨɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɵ ɫɬɟɧɤɢ ɬɪɭɛɵ

Ʉ

0,6;

ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɬɪɭɛɵ

Ʉ

0,6;

ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɭɛɵ

Ʉ

0,6.

Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɞɜɭɯɫɥɨɣɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ

«

ɱɭɝɭɧ

+

ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪ

-ɧɵɣ ɪɭɤɚɜ

»

ɞɥɹ ɷɬɢɯ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɨɜ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɧɢɠɟ

:

ɉɪɢɦɟɪ

1

Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɬɪɭɛ

—

ɱɭɝɭɧ

.

ɇɚɩɨɪɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ

,

ɧɟɫɭɳɚɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɟ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɚ

.

ɂɫɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ

:

ȼɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɣ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ

0,600

ɦ

Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɚ ɡɚɥɟɝɚɧɢɹ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ

3,5

ɦ

ȼɵɫɨɬɚ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜɵɯ ɜɨɞ ɧɚɞ ɥɨɬɤɨɦ ɬɪɭɛɵ

1,000

ɦ

Ɇɨɞɭɥɶ ɭɩɪɭɝɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɭɤɚɜɚ

100000

ɬ

/

ɦ

ɉɪɨɟɤɬɧɚɹ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɚ ɫɬɟɧɤɢ ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɭɤɚɜɚ

0,0010000

ɦ

ȼɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ

(

ɦ ɜɨɞ

.

ɫɬ

.) 20,0000

ɬ

/

ɦ

Ɇɨɞɭɥɶ ɭɩɪɭɝɨɫɬɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɬɪɭɛɵ

10000000

ɬ

/

ɦ

ɉɪɨɟɤɬɧɚɹ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɚ ɫɬɟɧɤɢ ɬɪɭɛɵ

0,0158000

ɦ

ɉɪɟɞɟɥ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɬɪɭɛɵ

26000

ɬ

/

ɦ

ȼɵɜɨɞ ɩɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɭ

:

ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɈȻȿɋɉȿɑȿɇȺ

!

ɉɪɢɦɟɪ

2

Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɬɪɭɛ

—

ɱɭɝɭɧ

.

ɇɚɩɨɪɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ

,

ɧɟɫɭɳɚɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɚ

.

ɂɫɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ

:

Ʉɨɷɮɮ

.

ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɜɨɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɵ ɫɬɟɧɤɢ ɬɪɭɛɵ

0,6

Ʉɨɷɮɮ

.

ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɬɪɭɛɵ

0,6

Ʉɨɷɮɮ

.

ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɭɛɵ

0,6

ȼɵɜɨɞ ɩɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɭ

:

ɇɚɞɟɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɇȿ ɈȻȿɋɉȿɑȿɇȺ

!

ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ

ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɶ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɭ ɫɬɟɧɤɢ ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɭɤɚɜɚ

:

ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɚɹ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɚ ɫɬɟɧɤɢ ɩɨɥɢ

-ɦɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɭɤɚɜɚ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ

14

ɦɦ

.

ɉɪɨɜɨɞɹ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɸ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟ

-ɬɢɬɶ

,

ɱɬɨ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɫɭɳɟɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɱɭɝɭɧ

+

ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɵɣ ɪɭɤɚɜ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɚ ɩɨɥɢɦɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɭɤɚɜɚ

d

ɩɪɢ ɦɨɞɭɥɟ ɭɩɪɭɝɨɫɬɢ

ȿ

= 100000

ɬ

/

ɦ

ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ

1

ɦɦ

,

ɚ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɢ ɧɟɫɭɳɟɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ

ɩɪɢ ɬɨɦ ɠɟ ɦɨɞɭɥɟ ɭɩɪɭɝɨɫɬɢ ɨɧɚ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɟɬ ɜ

14

ɪɚɡ

.

ȿɫɥɢ ɜ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɟ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɫɭɳɟɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɶ ɦɨɞɭɥɶ ɭɩɪɭɝɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ

-ɥɢɦɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɭɤɚɜɚ

200000

ɬ

/

ɦ

(

ɬ

.

ɟ

.

ɜ ɞɜɚ ɪɚɡɚ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ

),

ɬɨ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɚɹ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɚ ɪɭɤɚɜɚ

ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɫɹ ɞɨ

7

ɦɦ

,

ɚ ɩɪɢ

400000

ɬ

/

ɦ

ɨɧɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɬ

4

ɦɦ

.

ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɞɢɚɩɚ

-ɡɨɧɚ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜɵɯ ɜɨɞ ɧɟ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɯ ɪɭɤɚɜɚ

.

ɋ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɢɪɨ

-ɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɨɬɫɥɟɠɢɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɵ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɪɭɤɚɜɚ ɩɪɢ ɭɜɟ

-ɥɢɱɟɧɢɢ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɡɚɥɟɝɚɧɢɹ

ɇ

,

ɧɨ ɫ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɦ ɦɨɞɭɥɟ ɭɩɪɭɝɨɫɬɢ

ȿ

= 400000

ɬ

/

ɦ

ɢ

ɛɵɥɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ

d

= f (

ɇ

): d

=0,0582

ɇ

+ 3,2849

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ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɪɢ ɥɸɛɨɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ

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-ɧɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɬɨɞɚ ɛɟɫɬɪɚɧɲɟɣɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɚ

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ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɦ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ

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ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɟ ɤɚ

-ɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɦɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɢ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ

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Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɩɢɫɨɤ

1.ɏɪɚɦɟɧɤɨɜ ɋ.ȼ., Ɉɪɥɨɜ ȼ.Ⱥ., ɏɚɪɶɤɢɧ ȼ.Ⱥ.Ɉɩɬɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɨɨɬɜɨɞɹɳɢɯ

ɫɟɬɟɣ.Ɇ. : ɋɬɪɨɣɢɡɞɚɬ, 2002. 159 ɫ.

2.Ɉɪɥɨɜ ȼ.Ⱥ., ɏɚɪɶɤɢɧ ȼ.Ⱥ.ɋɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɹ ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɯ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɜ

Ɇ. : ɋɬɪɨɣɢɡɞɚɬ, 2001. 95 ɫ.

ɉɨɫɬɭɩɢɥɚ ɜ ɪɟɞɚɤɰɢɸ ɜ ɮɟɜɪɚɥɟ 2012 ɝ.

Ɉ ɛ ɚ ɜ ɬ ɨ ɪ ɚ ɯ:Ɉɪɥɨɜ ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ Ⱥɥɟɤɫɚɧɞɪɨɜɢɱ — ɞɨɤɬɨɪ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɭɤ,ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪ, ɡɚɜɟɞɭɸɳɢɣ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɨɣ ɜɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ,ɎȽȻɈɍ ȼɉɈ «Ɇɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɬɪɨɢ -ɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ»(ɆȽɋɍ), 129337, Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ,əɪɨɫɥɚɜɫɤɨɟ ɲɨɫɫɟ,ɞɨɦ 26, (499) 183-36-29, orlov950@yandex.ru;

ɉɪɢɦɢɧ Ɉɥɟɝ Ƚɪɢɝɨɪɶɟɜɢɱ — ɞɨɤɬɨɪ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɭɤ, ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪ, ɡɚɦɟɫɬɢɬɟɥɶ ɝɟɧɟ -ɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɨɪɚ ɩɨ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɦ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ, ɈȺɈ «Ɇɨɫɜɨɞɨɤɚɧɚɥɇɂɂɩɪɨɟɤɬ», 105005, Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ,ɉɥɟɬɟɲɤɨɜɫɤɢɣ ɩɟɪ.ɞ. 22, 8 (499)261-53-84, primin@mvkniipr.ru;

ɓɟɪɛɚɤɨɜ ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪ ɂɜɚɧɨɜɢɱ — ɞɨɤɬɨɪ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɭɤ,ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɵ ɝɢɞɪɚɜ -ɥɢɤɢ,ɜɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɨɞɨɨɬɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ,ɎȽȻɈɍ ȼɉɈ «ȼȽȺɋɍ», 394006, ȼɨɪɨɧɟɠ,ɭɥ. 20-ɥɟɬɢɹ Ɉɤɬɹɛɪɹ,ɞ. 84, +7 (473) 271-52-68, scher@vgasu.vrn.ru.

V.A. Orlov, O.G. Primin, V.I. Scherbakov

DURABILITY-RELATED CHARACTERISTICS OF DOUBLE-LAYER STRUCTURES OF PIPELINES CONNECTED TO POLYMERIC SLEEVES

Results of the research aimed at the development of the basic criteria and principal methodo-logical approaches to the calculation and design that underlies any repair undertaking associated with the restructuring of engineering networks through the application of a polymeric sleeve. It is noteworthy that the pipeline material and the degree of its deprecation, identified on the basis of the residual pipe thickness, the length and the diameter of each pipeline section being repaired, the media pumped into the pipeline, the adjacent ground and subterranean infrastructure, the presence of any subterranean waters and other factors are to be considered in each specific case.

A software programme designated for the calculation of the durability of double-layer struc-tures of pipelines connected to polymeric sleeves has been developed. The software makes it possible to consider a wide range of properties of a polymeric sleeve to identify its behavior driven by any alterations in the input information, and to select the most economical and technologically ef-ficient option within the limits imposed by the durability-related requirements pre-set in the design.

The ultimate objective of the software programme is to assess the applicability of the trench-less repair method involving a polymeric sleeve in each specific case by taking account of the envi-ronment and the condition of the pipeline. The software is also capable of developing the require-ments to be fulfilled by subcontractors in order to assure the appropriate quality of any repair work performed and the reliability of any pipeline sections repaired.

Key words: technique, algorithm, software program, hydraulic parameters, gravity pipelines, pressure pipelines, polymeric sleeve.

References

1. Hramenkov S.V., Orlov V.A., Har'kin V.A. Optimizacija vosstanovlenija vodootvodjaschih setej [Optimization of Repairs of Water Ppelines]. Moscow, Strojizdat, 2002, 159 p.

2. Orlov V.A., Har'kin V.A. Strategija i metody vosstanovlenija podzemnyh truboprovodov [Strategy and Methods of Restoration of Subterranean Pipelines]. Moscow, Strojizdat, 2001, 95 p.

A b o u t t h e a u t h o r s : Orlov Vladimir Alexandrovich — Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of Department of Water Supply, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MSUCE), 26 Jaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russia, orlov950@yandex.ru, 8 (499) 183-36-29;

Primin Oleg Grigor'evich — Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Assistant to the General Di-rector in charge of scientific research, OAO MosvodokanalNIIproekt (Open Joint Stock Company Moscow Research Institute of Water Supply Networks Design), Office 8, 22 Pleteshkovskij pereulok, Moscow, 105005, Russia, primin@mvkniipr.ru, 8 (499) 261-53-84;

Scherbakov Vladimir Ivanovich — Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Hy-draulics, Water Supply and Water Removal, Voronezh State University of Architecture and Civil En-gineering (VGASU), 84 20-letija Oktjabrja st., Voronezh, 394006, Russia, scher@vgasu.vrn.ru, 8 (473) 271-52-68.