NEW TAXA OF AMAZONIAN CHRYSOBALANACEAE
SUMMARY
Five new taxa of Amazonian Chrysoba lanaceae are described based on recently collected material: Couepia cidiana Pran ce, Hirtella radamii Prance, Licania
hete-romorpha Benth. var. revoluta Prance, Licania miltonii Prance, and Licania to-cantina Prance. The continued collection of many undescribed taxa indicates that there is still much to be done in the basic botanical inventory of Amazonia.
INTRODUCTION
Recent c o l l e c t i o n s sent for iden t i f i c a t i o n by t h e h e r b a r i u m of INPA and M G c o n t a i n e d several n e w taxa of Chrysobalanaceae f r o m Brazilian A m a z o n i a . These are n o w d e s c r i b e d and d i s c u s s e d and re p r e s e n t an additional update to my m o n o g r a p h of Chrysobalana ceae (Prance, 1972). A m a z o n i a c o n t i n u e s t o be one of the largest s o u r c e s of n e w species in the f a m i l y indicating that t h e botanical i n v e n t o r y of t h e region is s t i l l far f r o m c o m p l e t e . The five taxa des c r i b e d here c o m e f r o m f i v e w i d e l y separated l o c a l i t i e s in four diffe rent s t a t e s , A m a z o n a s , M a t o Gros so, Rondônia and Pará.
1. Couepia cidiana Prance, sp. nov.
(Fig. 1)
Species C. insignis, C. martinii, C. bondarii affinis, receptáculo
longiore, 3040 m m longo ad basim
Ghillean T. Prance (*)
t o m e n t o s o ; s t i p u l i s 22.5 cm Ion g i s , p e r s i s t e n t i b u s ; laminis folio r u m nervis s e c u n d a r i i s 2635 jugis d i f f e r t , a C. martinii, C. bondarii
n e r v i s s e c u n d a r i i s anastamosanti b u s , base s u b c o r d a t o d i f f e r t .
Treelet 810 m t a l l , the young branches f o m e n t ó s e . Leaf laminas c o r i a c e o u s , o b l o n g t o oblonglan c e o l a t e , 1526 c m long, 79.5 c m broad, a c u m i n a t e at apex, the acu m e n 710 m m long, subcordate at base, glabrous above, densely gray shortlanate beneath w i t h contras t i n g b r o w n f o m e n t ó s e v e n a t i o n ; m i d r i b p r o m i n u l o u s above, tomen t e l l o u s w h e n y o u n g ; prominent and f o m e n t ó s e b e n e a t h ; primary veins 2635 pairs, lightly impres sed above, p r o m i n e n t and fomen tóse b e n e a t h , a n a s t o m o s i n g ca 3 m m f r o m m a r g i n to f o r m a cons p i c u o u s m a r g i n a l v e i n ; seconda ry v e i n s ± parallel, prominu l o u s ; p e t i o l e s 57 m m long, t e r e t e , eglandular, d e n s e l y t o m e n t o s e .
S t i p u l e s linear, m e m b r a n e o u s , 22.5 c m long, p e r s i s t e n t . Inflo r e s c e n c e s f e w f l o w e r e d racemes, t h e rachis t o m e n t o s e . Bracts and b r a c t e o l e s p e r s i s t e n t , 23.5 c m l o n g , t o m e n t o s e on exterior, gla b r o u s w i t h i n , ovate, a c u m i n a t e . Receptacle c y l i n d r i c a l , 34 c m
(*) The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York, EE.UU.
long, densely v e l u t i n o u s t o m e n t e l lous on exterior, t o m e n t o s e w i t h i n to base, s e s s i l e . Calyx lobes trian gular, acute, t o m e n t o s e on exte rior, t o m e n t o s e w i t h i n except for glabrous lower p o r t i o n , 1013 m m long. Petals 5, w h i t e , glabrous on exterior, t h e m a r g i n s c i l i a t e . Sta mens inserted around c o m p l e t e circle, n u m e r o u s (ca 165), f u s e d at base to f o r m a tall ring ± 5 m m tall, the s t a m e n s i n s e r t e d in seve ral rows on e x t e r i o r of ring, the interior of ring d e n s e l y t o m e n t o s e . Ovary inserted near m o u t h of t u b e , densely v i l l o u s . S t y l e sparsely hirsute p u b e s c e n t on lower t h i r d . Fruit not s e e n .
TYPE. BRAZIL. Para: M u n i c i p i o de O r i x i m i n á , Rio Paru do O e s t e , left margin of C a c h o e i r a C h u v i s c o , 7 Sept. 1980, fl C . A . C i d , Ramos, Mota & Rosas 2261 (holotype,
INPA 96602; i s o t y p e s FHO, N Y ) . ADDITIONAL M A T E R I A L . BRA ZIL. Para: Rio C a c h o r r o , Serra do Cachorro, 16 km NW of Cachoeira Porteira, 22 June 1980. f l , M a r t i -nelli 7052 (INPA, N Y ) .
HABITAT. Forest on terra f i r m e . This species is q u i t e d i s t i n c t , but is closest to C. insignis, C. martinii and C. bondarii. It d i f f e r s
from all three in t h e t o m e n t o s e interior of the receptacle, an uncommon feature in the genus which occurs in only one o t h e r species w i t h a racemose inflores cence, the Andean C. recurva t h a t
Is very d i f f e r e n t in other charac ters. Couepia cidiana also d i f f e r s
f r o m its t h r e e c l o s e s t r e l a t i v e s in the m u c h longer f l o w e r s , t h e per s i s t e n t and longer s t i p u l e s and the large n u m b e r of p r i m a r y leaf v e i n s .
It is w i t h pleasure t h a t I dedica te t h i s s p e c i e s to C. A. C i d of INPA, Manaus w h o has done m u c h useful c o l l e c t i o n on Projeto Flora A m a z ô n i c a e x p e d i t i o n s .
2. Hirtella radamii Prance, sp. nov.
(Fig. 2)
Species H. tenuifoliae affinis
f o l i i s m i n o r i b u s , r a m u l i s j u v e n i l i bus h i s p i d i s , p e d i c e l l i s 1216 m m
longis d i f f e r t ; H. racemosae affinis
f o l i i s oblongolanceolatis, r a m u l i s j u v e n i l i b u s h i s p i d i s ; pedicellis lon gioribus d i f f e r t .
Shrub 3 m t a l l , t h e young bran ches h i s p i d . Leaf lâminas oblong
lanceolate, c h a r t a c e o u s , 58 c m long, 1.52.3 c m b r o a d , a c u m i n a t e at apex, t h e acumen 35 m m long, subcordate at base, glabrous on both s u r f a c e s ; m i d r i b p r o m i n u l o u s above, p r o m i n e n t beneath; secon dary veins 1012 pairs, p r o m i n u lous and glabrous on both surfa c e s ; p e t i o l e s 11.5 m m long, tere t e , s p a r s e l y h i s p i d , eglandular. Sti
long. Receptacle c a m p a n u l a t e , gla brous on e x t e r i o r , glabrous w i t h i n except for deflexed hairs at t h r o a t ; pedicels 1216 m m long, e x t r e m e l y slender, eglandular. Calyx lobes acute, glabrous on e x t e r i o r , pube rulous w i t h i n , e g l a n d u l a r . Petals 5, g l a b r o u s . Stamens 6, u n i l a t e r a l , the f i l a m e n t s far e x c e e d i n g t h e calyx lobes, g l a b r o u s . Style hir sute for half of l e n g t h . Ovary in serted at m o u t h of r e c e p t a c l e , p i lose. Fruit not s e e n .
TYPE. BRAZIL. T e r r i t ó r i o de Ron dônia, Igarapé Preto, R A D A M SC 20XA Ponto 27, f I . , 30 June 1975,
J. C. da Silva 100 (HOLOTYPE,
M G ) .
LOCAL N A M E : Caripé torrado.
This species is c l o s e s t to H. te-nuifolia f r o m w h i c h it d i f f e r s in
the smaller leaves, t h e hispid pu bescence of t h e young s t e m , and the much longer p e d i c e l s . It dif fers f r o m H. racemosa in t h e
narrow oblonglanceolate leaves, the longer pedicels and t h e hispid young s t e m s and f r o m H. sprucei
in the smaller leaves, t h e long pe dicels, the bracteolar glands and absence of pedicel g l a n d s .
This species Is named for the Brazilian Projeto R A D A M w h i c h has collected many i n t e r e s t i n g plants and produced m o s t useful vegetation maps of t h e A m a z o n region.
3. Licania heteromorpha Benth.
var. revoiuta Prance (Fig. 3)
Varietas ab c e t e r i s v a r i e t a t i b u s foliis parvioribus 24.5 longis X
1.12.3 c m l a t i s , m a r g i n i b u s revo l u t i s ; a n t h e r i s d e l t o i d e i s d i f f e r t .
TYPE. BRAZIL. A m a z o n a s : 20 km
N W of M a n a u s , Tarumá
develop-m e n t area, 21 M a r 1981 (fl), B. W . & S. P. Nelson 1058 (INPA, holoty
pe; NY, i s o t y p e ) .
H A B I T A T . Forest on terra f i r m e , clay s o i l .
This n e w v a r i e t y is quite dis t i n c t f r o m L. heteromorpha var. he-teromorpha and the other varie
ties of t h e s p e c i e s by its m u c h smaller, t h i c k l y coriaceous leaves w i t h r e v o l u t e margins and a roun ded to r e t u s e a p e x . It is p o s s i b l y a d i s t i n c t s p e c i e s , but I h e s i t a t e to d e s c r i b e it as such on t h e basis of a s i n g l e c o l l e c t i o n and in t h i s c o m p l e x w h e r e there is a great deal of m o r p h o l o g i c a l v a r i a t i o n in variety heteromorpha. It also dif
fers f r o m v a r i e t i e s of L. hetero-morpha in t h e d e l t o i d anthers
w h i c h also occur in t h e c l o s e l y related L. intrapetiolaris Spruce
ex H o o k . f. The anthers are dis t i n c t because t h e pointed apex is m u c h darker in color than t h e broad basal p o r t i o n in t h e dried m a t e r i a l .
4. Licania miltonii Prance, sp. nov.
(Fig. 4)
Species L. caudata affinis f o l i i s
c h a r t a c e i s , parvioribus anguste o b l o n g i s apice cuspidato, p e t i o l i s b r e v i o r i b u s , 13 m m l o n g i s ; s t a m i nibus 5 d i f f e r t .
becoming g l a b r o u s . Leaves w i l h laminas n a r r o w l y o b l o n g , charta ceous, 410.2 c m long, 1.33.8 cm broad, c u s p i d a t e a c u m i n a t e at apex, the a c u m e n 612 m m long, cuneate at base, glabrous on b o t h surfaces; m i d r i b s l i g h t l y p r o m i n u
lous above, p r o m i n e n t beneath,
w i t h a f e w s t i f f appressed hairs
on both s u r f a c e s ; p r i m a r y veins
68 p a i r s , plane above, s l i g h t l y pro m i n u l o u s b e n e a t h ; p e t i o l e s 13 m m
long, t e r e t e , eglandular w i t h f e w
sparse a p p r e s s e d h a i r s . Stipules
£re,b&romorpfi3'
var.intrapetiolar linear, p e r s i s t e n t , ca 2 m m l o n g . Inflorescences t e r m i nal and axillary littlebranched pa nicles 13 c m long, t h e rachis and branches v e r y sparsely hirsutu l o u s . Flowers m i n u t e , 11.5 m m
long, borne s o l i t a r y on short pri mary branches of i n f l o r e s c e n c e . Bracts and b r a c t e o l e s m i n u t e , m e m b r a n e o u s , sparsely hlrsutu
lous on e x t e r i o r , p e r s i s t e n t , entire. Receptacle c a m p a n u l a t e , glabrous
Licania-Xmm
1
B
l mm.'
or sparsely h i r s u t u l o u s on exte rior, t o m e n t o s e on e x t e r i o r ; pedi
cels 0 . 2 m m l o n g . Calyx lobes acute, glabrous w i t h f e w s t i f f
appressed hairs on e x t e r i o r , t h e margins c i l i a t e . Petals 5, t o m e n tellous w i t h i n t o w a r d s apex, gla brous beneath, puberulous on outer s u r f a c e . S t a m e n s 5, f e r t i l e , inserted on short t h i c k f i l a m e n t s connate at base, ovary i n s e r t e d at base of r e c e p t a c l e , sparsely hir s u t e . Fruit e l l i p s o i d , ca 2 c m long X 1 c m b r o a d ; epicarp s m o o t h , glabrous; m e s o c a r p t h i n ; endocarp 0.5 m m t h i c k , glabrous w i t h i n .
TYPE. BRAZIL. M a t o G r o s s o : Aripuanγ, km 238 of road BR 174, N٥cleo Juina, área Urbana, f I . , 17 Jan 1979, M . G. Silva & A. Pinhei-ro 4296 (HOLOTYPE, M G ) .
ADDITIONAL M A T E R I A L . BRA ZIL. M a t o G r o s s o : A r i p u a n γ , N٥ cleo Juina, f r . , 28 May 1978, M . G . Silva & C . Rosário 4684 ( M G ) .
HABITAT. Forest on t e r r a f i r m e on clay s o i l .
This species belongs to subge nus Licania s e c t i o n Hymenopus. It
is most closely related t o Licania caudata Prance but d i f f e r s in t h e
much smaller, n a r r o w e r , charta ceous leaves w i t h cuspidate not caudate apices and s h o r t e r petio les, t h e s m a l l e r f l o w e r s w i t h •fewer stamens w i t h f r e e f i l a m e n t s ,
and the s m a l l e r i n f l o r e s c e n c e s .
It is w i t h pleasure t h a t I name this species for M i l t o n G. Silva of the Museu Goeldi in B e l é m , Brazil
w h o has done m u c h c o l l e c t i n g in i n t e r e s t i n g parts of Amazonia and has been of great help to many of m y f i e l d t r i p s .
5. Licania tocantina Prance, s p .
n o v . (Fig. 5)
Species L. triandrae a f f i n i s , fo
liis c h a r t a c e i s subtus v e n i s lanato t o m e n t o s i s ; s t i p u l i s 5 X 2 m m , ad p e t i o l a m adnatis; f l o r i b u s parviori bus, p e t i o l i s glandulosis d i f f e r t .
Tree 20 m t a l l , the young bran ches sparsely p u b e r u l o u s soon b e c o m i n g g l a b r o u s . Leaves w i t h laminas e l l i p t i c , c h a r t a c e o u s , 815 c m long, 3 . 5 7 . 2 c m b r o a d , a c u m i nate at apex, the acumen 712 m m long, subcuneate at base, glabrous above, w i t h stomatal c a v i t i e s f i l l e d by dense lanate pubescence be neath; m i d r i b plane or s l i g h t l y i m p r e s s e d above, p r o m i n e n t be neath; p r i m a r y veins 813 pairs, p r o m i n e n t beneath, plane a b o v e ; petioles 46 m m long, w i t h t w o large conspicuous glands w h e n young, canaliculate, t o m e n t e l l o u s w h e n young b e c o m i n g glabrous and rugulose w i t h a g e . Stipules t r i a n g u l a r , ca 5 m m long, ± 2 . 5 m m broad at base, i n s e r t e d on ba se of petioles, p e r s i s t e n t . Inflo r e s c e n c e s of t e r m i n a l and subter minal racemose panicles, t h e ra c h i s and branches p u b e r u l o u s .
m e n t o s e on e x t e r i o r ; t o m e n t o s e w i t h i n . C a l y x lobes a c u t e , p u b e r u lous on both s u r f a c e s . Petals a b s e n t . S t a m e n s 3, u n i l a t e r a l ; f i laments s h o r t e r t h a n calyx lobes, g l a b r o u s . Ovary i n s e r t e d at base of r e c e p t a c l e , p i l o s e . S t y l e equal
ling f i l a m e n t s , h i r s u t e for t h r e e f o u r t h s of l e n g t h . Fruit n o t s e e n .
TYPE. B R A Z I L . Para: Rio Tocan t i n s , T u c u r u i , Breu Branco, f I . , 11 May 1978, M . G . Silva & R. Bahia
3508 (HOLOTYPE, M G ; ISOTYPE, INPA, N Y ) .
H A B I T A T . F o r e s t on t e r r a f i r m e , clay s o i l .
This s p e c i e s b e l o n g s t o subge nus Licania s e c t i o n Licania. It is
m o s t c l o s e l y r e l a t e d t o L. triandra
f r o m w h i c h it d i f f e r s in t h e t h i n n e r chartaceous leaves w i t h deep sto matal c a v i t i e s w h i c h are c o v e r e d by a lanate p u b e s c e n c e w h i c h also e x t e n d s over t h e v e n a t i o n , m a k i n g t h e c a v i t i e s m u c h less c o n s p i cuous t h a n in L triandra. It is also
d i f f e r s in t h e broader s t i p u l e s
w h i c h are adnate t o t h e p e t i o l e s and in t h e g l a n d u l a r p e t i o l e s ra t h e r t h e n leaf b a s e s .
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I thank Bobbi A n g e l for prepa ring t h e f i g u r e s and t h e N a t i o n a l Science F o u n d a t i o n for S u p p o r t of my w o r k on C h r y s o b a l a n a c e a e .
Resumo
Cinco taxa de Chrysobalanaceae da Amazônia sγo descritos como novos: Couepia cidiana Prance, Hirtella radamü Prance, Licania heteromorpha Benth. var. revoluta Prance, Licania miitonii Prance e Licania tocantina Prance. Sγo baseados em material recentemente coletado na terra firme da Amazônia Brasileira. A continuaηγo da coleηγo de tantas espé cies novas mostra que ainda falta muito para se completar o inventário básico da flora amazônica. Este trabalho é uma continuaηγo da atualizaηγo da monografia de Chrysobalanaceae publicado em Flora Neotrópica em 1972.
REFERENCE
PRANCE. G.T.
1972 — Monograph of Chrysobalana ceae. Flora Neotrópica, 9 :
1410.