Phylogeny and new species of the Neotropical bee genus Paroxystoglossa Moure (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)

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REVISTA

BRASILEIRA

DE

Entomologia

AJournalonInsectDiversityandEvolution

w w w . r b e n t o m o l o g i a . c o m

Systematics,

Morphology

and

Biogeography

Phylogeny

and

new

species

of

the

Neotropical

bee

genus

Paroxystoglossa

Moure

(Hymenoptera,

Apoidea)

Rodrigo

Barbosa

Gonc¸

alves

UniversidadeFederaldoParaná,DepartamentodeZoologia,Curitiba,PR,Brazil

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n

f

o

Articlehistory:

Received19December2016 Accepted6March2017 Availableonline22March2017 AssociateEditor:MarcelHermes Keywords: Augochlorini Biogeography Halictidae Sweatbees Taxonomy

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Paroxystoglossaisasolitary,ground-nestingbeegenus.Itwasrevisedin1960andcurrentlyincludes ninespeciesfromArgentina,BrazilandParaguay.Theobjectivesofthiscontributionaretoprovidea morphologicalphylogenyforthegroupandtodescribetwonewspecies:P.levigatan.sp.andP.mourella n.sp.Paroxystoglossaismonophyleticandthreespeciesgroupsarerecognized,jocastaspeciesgroup:(P. mourellan.sp.,(P.brachycera,(P.jocasta,P.barbata))),transversaspeciesgroup:(P.transversa,P.levigata n.sp.),andcrossotosspeciesgroup:(P.mimetica,(P.crossotos,P.seabrai,(P.andromache,P.spiloptera))).The crossotosandtransversaspeciesgroupswereconsideredassistergroups.InterestinglyParoxystoglossa specieshaveverysimilarmalegenitalcapsulesanuncommonpatternamongAugochlorinigenera.The speciesgroupshaveawidelyredundantdistributionindicatingreplicationeventsinsoutheasternSouth America.Anupdated,illustratedkeyforspeciesidentiﬁcationisalsopresented.

Introduction

Theinitial studiesof FatherJesus Moure(1912–2010) were

focusedonhalictidbees.ParoxystoglossawasdescribedinMoure’s

ﬁrstpaper(1940)andsurprisinglythiswastheonlygenustobe

taxonomicallyrevisedbyMoure(1960)duringhisproliﬁccareer.

Itiscurrentlyrecognizedforninespeciesdistributedin

southeast-ernSouthAmerica(Moure,1960,2007):P.andromache(Schrottky,

1909),P.barbataMoure,1960,P.brachyceraMoure,1960,P.

crosso-tos(Vachal,1904),P.jocasta(Schrottky,1910),P.mimeticaMoure,

1950,P. seabraiMoure, 1960, P.spiloptera Moure,1960 and P.

transversaMoure, 1943.Data onnatural history arescarce and

theknownspeciesofParoxystoglossaaresolitaryground-nesters

(MichenerandLange,1958a,b;MichenerandSeabra,1959).The

speciesareprobablypolylecticandﬂightduringspringandsummer

seasons.

Paroxystoglossaiscurrentlyconsideredassistergroupto

Mega-loptillaMoure&Hurd,belongingtoanaugochlorinecladenamed

theNeocorynuragroup(Gonc¸alves,2016).Nospecies level

phy-logenyis availableforthegenusandnewspeciesremaintobe

describedsinceits1960taxonomicrevision.Therefore,the

pur-poseofthepresentstudyis:toprovideamorphologicalphylogeny

foritsspecies,todescribenewspecies,andtoprovideanupdated

identiﬁcationkey.

E-mail:goncalvesrb@gmail.com

Materialandmethods

Materialstudiedhereinis depositedinthefollowing

institu-tions:Colec¸ãoEntomológicaPe.JesusSantiagoMoure,Curitiba,Brazil

(DZUP),Colec¸ãoEntomológicaProf.J.M.F.Camargo,RibeirãoPreto,

Brazil(RPSP), UniversidadeFederalde MinasGerais, Belo

Hori-zonte,Brazil(UFMG)andMuseudeZoologiadaUniversidadedeSão

Paulo,SãoPaulo,Brazil(MZSP).Thecompletelistofexamined

mate-rial is deposited in http://morphobank.org/permalink/?P2576.

Quotationmarkssurroundexacttranscriptionsofindividuallabels,

whilethebackslash(\)indicatesdifferentlinesonthesamelabel.

Thedescriptionsweremadefollowingthebodyorganization,

tagmata, segments,and sclerites, with special attention tothe

categories:structure (generalorganization),sculpturing(surface

impressionsandelevations),colorandpubescence.Structure

ter-minologyfollowsEickwort(1969)andMichener(2007)excepthere

Ihereuse“metapostnotum”forthe“basalareaofthepropodeum”.

I use the abbreviations T1, T2, etc., to denote the metasomal

terga;S1,S2,etc.,todenotemetasomalsterna;andF1,F2,etc.,to

denotetheﬂagellomeres.SculpturingterminologyfollowsHarris

(1978),for featuresonly visible above50 timesmagniﬁcationI

use the term ‘microsculpturing’. The following measurements

weretaken: head width(here themaximum distance between

eyenotch,abbreviation:hw);headlength(distancefromclypeus

tovertex,hl);clypeusmaximumwidth(clw);clypeusmaximum

length (cll); supraclypeal area length (distance from clypeus

basistolowertangentofantennalsocket,scl);distancebetween

upperantennalsocketsandlowermedianocellustangent(aloc);

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rbe.2017.03.001

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intertegular distance (itd); metasomal width (maximum width

ofsecondtergum,mtw);totallength(approximatebysumming

head,mesosomaandmetasomalength,total).Allmeasurements

are given in millimeters. Puncture diameter(=pd) are given in

relationtotheinterspacesamongpunctures(=i).Sizecomparison

arealsomaderelativelywithcompoundeyewidth(=ew).

Forthephylogeneticanalysis,Gonc¸alves(2016)original

char-acter and terminal list and data matrix were compiled with

new characters and terminals added (see http://morphobank.

org/permalink/?P2576formatrix,characterlistandtrees);theﬁnal

matrixcomprised125charactersand83terminals.Parsimony

anal-ysisincludednewsearchmethods(Goloboffetal.,2003),usingthe

followingsettingsinTNT(ratchet weightingprobability5%,200

iterations),tree-drifting(50cycles),andtree-fusing(ﬁverounds,

minimumlengthsettobehit100times).Iusedequalweighting

andimplied weightingwithdifferentconstantvalues (k=1–20)

andallanalysesrecoveredParoxystoglossaasmonophyleticwith

thesametopologyforitsspecies.However,onlyimplied

weight-ingwithakvalueofsevenrecoveredthemainaugochlorineclades

ofGonc¸alves(2016).Jackknifevalues(1000replications)didnot

increaseforconstantvaluessuperiortoseven,sotheresults

pre-sentedhereinarebaseduponthisvalue.Bootstrapvaluesforthe

ﬁnaltreewerecalculatedafter1000replications.

Photographs were taken with a ToupCam (©ToupTek

Pho-tonics)witha Stereomicroscope(SZ61TR OlympusCorporation)

usingaringlightguide(SZ2-LGROlympusCorporation).ToupView

software(@ToupTekPhotonics)wasusedforimagecaptureand

CombineZP (©Adam Hadley) for image stacking (best image

selected from all methods approach). Final image adjustments

(unsharpmask andlevel control)weremadewithGIMP 2.8.16

(©TheGIMPTeam).

Resultsanddiscussion

ParoxystoglossabelongstotheNeocorynuragroupandaccording

toGonc¸alves(2016)andthepresentanalysisParoxystoglossaand

Megaloptillaaresistergroups.Thisrelationshipisbasedontheﬁne

andserrateinnerhindtibialspur,auniquestateamongnon

clep-toparasiteaugochlorines.Unfortunately,thereisnoavailableDNA

Figs.1–4.Paroxystoglossaphylogenyanddistributionrecords:1,themostparsimonioustreeunderimpliedweights(length:247steps,consistencyindex:60,retention index:86,k:7,ﬁt:9.0439),bootstrapisindicatedbeloweachnode.2,distributionofjocastaspeciesgroup(squares:P.barbata,circles:P.brachycera,stars:P.jocasta,triangles: P.mourellan.sp.).3,distributionoftransversaspeciesgroup.4,distributionofcrossotosspeciesgroup(squares:P.andromache,circles:P.crossotos,stars:P.mimetica,triangles: P.seabrai,dotedcircle:P.spiloptera).

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sequenceforMegaloptillatoindependentlytestitspositionamong

Augochlorini(Gonc¸alves,2016).

Fig.1presentsthephylogenetictreeforParoxystoglossaspecies.

The monophyly of the genus is strongly supported by seven

unambiguous morphological character states (Fig. 1): truncate

andappendiculatemarginalcellapex(33:1),setosegena(73:1),

concaveapicalmarginof S4medially(85:1),depressed median

surfaceofS5(94:1),broadgonapophysis(109:0),indentateouter

surfaceofgonapophysis(110:1)andtheabsenceofdorsalprocess

ofgonostylus(116:0).

Theinternalrelationshipsarealmostentirelyresolvedandthe

three monophyletic lineages are recognized: jocasta, transversa

andcrossotosspeciesgroups. Thejocastaspeciesgroupincludes

fourspecies,which are entirelygreen andhave theorthogonal

epistomalangle(2:1).The transversagroupincludetwo species

withdarkenedtergalmarginal areas,thethree synapomorphies

forthegroupare:pronotumwithincompletelamellafromlobe

to lateralangle (49: 4), depressed and dark marginal areas of

terga(60:1),broadlyexcavateddorsallobesofgonobase(112:2).

Thisgroupissistergrouptocrossotosgroupsupportedwithtwo

synapomorphies: acuminate mesoscutal anterior border (41:2)

and carinate male preoccipitalarea (75:1). Thecrossotos group

includesﬁve dark species with four synapomorphies:elliptical

basalelevationoflabrum(14:1),carinatepreoccipitalarea(27:1),

marginalareaoftergawithcoloredbands(61:1)andbasalpatches

of appressedsetae onfourth sternum (91:1). Compared tothe

othertwogroups,thecrossotoslineageismorphologically

homo-geneous. Some autapomorphies for the species but only two

synapomorphies for internal cladeswere recovered, leaving an

internaltrichotomy(Fig.1).Perhapsthisgroupdivergedrecently;

thiswouldalsoexplainitsgeographicdistribution(seebelow).

Paroxystoglossaspecieshaveverysimilarmalegenitalcapsules,

onlyfourcharactersfromterminaliawereinformativeandthree

ofthesewereautapomorphies(110:2forP.spiloptera,118:1for

P.seabrai, 119:2for P.barbata). Theuniquesynapomorphywas

thebroadlyexcavateddorsallobesofgonobase(112:2)forP.

levi-gatan.sp.and P.transversa.Fourinformativesex-associated are

seen frommodiﬁcations of themale sterna (characters84 and

86from S4,91 and93 fromS4). Thislack ofinformation from

thegenitalcapsule whencompared withothermaleattributes,

consideredhereasmodiﬁcationsonantennae,hindlegandsterna,

isuncommonamongAugochlorini.Mostaugochlorinegenerawith

availablephylogenieshavemorethanonehalfofinformative

char-acters derived from genital capsules (Coelho, 2004; Gonc¸alves,

2010,2015;Gonc¸alvesandMelo,2012).OnlyThectochlorahas

rela-tivelylittleinformationfromgenitalcapsulewhencomparedwith

otherattributes(Gonc¸alvesandMelo,2006).Theremaybean

evo-lutionarytrade-offamongthesestructuresthatcouldbesubjectto

sexualselection(Simmons,2014).Therearestillmanylineagesto

bestudiedinordertounderstandtheevolutionoftheseremarkable

patternswithinAugochlorini.

AccordingtoGonc¸alves(2016)Paroxystoglossadivergedfrom

NeocorynuragroupinthebeginningoftheOligocene(about33Ma)

and itsdiversiﬁcation,the ﬁrstsplit,between P.barbataand P.

transversalineages,occurredintheMiocene(about16Ma).

Parox-ystoglossaspeciesoccurinsoutheasternSouthAmericaandmost

species are associated with inland and semideciduous

forma-tionsofAtlanticforest(Figs.2–4).Thispatternisdifferentfrom

otherlineages oftheNeocorynura group: Andinaugochlora

Eick-wort,ChlerogasVachal,MegaloptillaandNeocorynurellaEngelare

associatedwithAndeanforestsandNeocorynuraSchrottkyhasa

widespreaddistributionintheNeotropicalregion.Theearly

iso-lationoflineages,suchasParoxystoglossa,intheeastsideofthe

NeotropicalregionisarecurrentpatternforAugochlorinesasnoted

byGonc¸alvesandMelo(2012)anddiscussedinGonc¸alves(2016).

ThethreeParoxystoglossaspeciesgroupshaveawidely

redun-dant distribution indicating geographically replicated patterns

of speciationin southeasternSouth America. Thejocastagroup

speciesaredistributedtotheSouth,includingArgentina(Fig.2),

a distribution not found in other Paroxystoglossa lineages. In

this group, P. mourellan.sp. hasa restricted distribution along

Espinhac¸o Mountains. The two members of transversa group,

P. transversa and P. levigata n.sp., have allopatric distributions

(Fig. 3), withP.tranversaoccurringin semideciduousforestsof

westernParanáandP.levigatan.sp.onlyknownforalocalityin

eastern Paraná region. The distributions of crossotos group are

widelyoverlapping(Fig.4).Thelineagecontainsspecieswhichare

distributedinforestareasintheCerradobiome(P.mimeticaand

P.crossotos),onespeciesonlyknownforthetypelocalityinRiode

Janeiro(P.seabrai),andP.spilopterawithoverlappeddistribution

withthewidespreadP.andromache.

KeyforthespeciesofParoxystoglossa(basedonMoure,1960)

Females

1.Metasomasubelipsoid,metallicgreenormetallicreddishwithoutapicalbandsofappressedsetae(Fig.5)...2 1_._Metasoma_{subpedunculate,}_darkened_with_apical_rows_of_appressed_setae₍_Fig.₆₎_._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._..₇

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2.Marginalareaoftergalonganddark,depressionsalmostimpunctate(Figs.7–8);metapostnotumnotdepressed,andwithﬁnetransversecarinainthemiddlenear posteriordeclivity...3 2_._Marginal_area_of_terga_similar_in_color_to_rest_of_discs,_with_sparse_punctures;_{metapostnotum}_sometimes_depressed,_with_well-marked_striations₍_Figs._10,₁₂₎_._._.._._...₄

3.Marginaldepressionoftergawithﬁnepuncturesnearthedisk,tergawithoutconspicuousrowofsimpleerectsetae(Fig.7)...P.transversa 3_._Marginal_depression_impunctate,_terga_with_conspicuous_row_of_simple_erect_setae_between_disk_and_marginal_depression₍_Fig.₈₎_._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._..._P._levigata_n.sp.

Figs.7–8.Secondmetasomaltergum:7,P.transversa,arrow:punctuationonmarginalarea.8,P.levigatan.sp.Scalebar:1mm.

4.Scapewithmetallicreﬂections(Figs.9–11);metapostnotumsculpturingoccupyingmorethanonehalfofsurface(Figs.10–12)...5 4_._Scape_entirely_black;_{metapostnotum}_sculpturing_restricted_to_its_base₍_Fig.₁₄₎_._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.₆

5.Headround;scapewithstrongmetallicreﬂections(Fig.9);metapostnotumstriationweaklyrugose(Fig.10)...P.jocasta 5.Headelongate;scapewithweakermetallicreﬂections(Fig.11);metapostnotumstriationstronglyrugose,almostreticulate(Fig.12)...P.mourellan.sp.

Figs.9–12.Headandposteriormesosoma:9,Paroxystoglossajocasta,face.10,mesosoma;11,P.mourellan.sp.,face;12,mesosoma.Scalebar:0.5mm(Figs.9and11);1mm (Figs.10and12).

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6.Mandibularbasewithmetallicgreenspot(Fig.13);metapostnotumaslongasorshorterthanmetanotum,marginallydeﬁnedbyanelevation(Fig.14);tibiaewith metallicgreenreﬂections...P.barbata 6_._Mandibular_base_without_metallic_green_spot;_{metapostnotum}_slightly_longer_than_metanotum,_grading_into_posterior_surface_without_marginal_elevation;_tibiae

withoutmetallicgreenreﬂections,sometimeswithpurpureousreﬂections...P.brachycera

Figs.13–14.P.barbata.13,headinproﬁle,arrow:mandiblespot.14,detailofmesosoma,arrow:elevationonmetapostnotumposteriormargin.Scalebar:1mm.

7.Supraclypealandparocularareasmooth;T1almostimpunctateexceptforafewpuncturesnearmarginalarea(Fig.15)...P.mimeticaMoure,1950 7_._Supraclypeal_and_parocular_area_{microreticulate;}_T1_with_at_least_apical_third_quite_densely_punctate₍_Fig.₁₆_)._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._..₈

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8.Pronotumlateralanglenotdenselycoveredwithappressedsetae(Fig.17,18)...9 8_._Pronotum_lateral_angle_densely_covered_with_appressed_setae₍_Fig.₁₉_)._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._..₁₀

Figs.17–19.Pronotumlobe(indicatewitharrows).17,P.seabrai.18,P.crossotos.19,P.spiloptera.Scalebar:0.5mm.

9.Pronotumlateralangleprojected(Fig.17);tergalbandsnotstronglydeveloped,thatofT1generallylittlenoticeable(Fig.20)...P.seabrai 9.Pronotumlateralanglenotprojected(Fig.18);apicalmarginsofT1-T4withyellowpubescencewelldeveloped,especiallyonT2-T4(Fig.21)...P.crossotos

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10.Tergalbandsmoredeveloped,especiallyonT3,T4brightgreenwithabundantgoldenpubescence(Fig.22)...P.andromache 10_._Tergal_bands_narrow,_T4_olivaceous_green_with_few_scattered_golden_setae₍_Fig.₂₃₎_._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._._P._spiloptera

Males

1.F2butlittlelongerthanF1,distinctlyshorterthanﬁrstandpediceltogether;scaperelativelylongandslender,almostreachinglevelofanteriorocellus...2 1.F2distinctlylongerthanF1,equaltoorlongerthanF1andpediceltogether;scapeshortandthick,terminatingmorethanitsdiameterbelowmarginofanterior ocellus...3 2.Flagellomereslongerthentheirdiameters;metapostnotumaslongasmetanotumanddepressed;hindfemurandtibiaswollen;S4andS5withbroaddepressions, occupyingmostofvisiblesterna(Fig.24)...P.barbata 2_._{Flagellomeres}_{approximately}_as_long_as_their_diameters;_{metapostnotum}_longer_than_metanotum,_only_slightly_depressed;_hind_femur_and_tibia_not_swollen;

S4andS5withnarrowdepressions(Fig.25)...P.brachycera

Figs.24–25.MetasomalS4andS5,modiﬁcationsindicatedbyarrows.24,P.barbata.25,P.brachycera.Scalebar:1mm.

3.Metasomaelongateelipsoid,metallicgreenorreddishwithoutapicalbandsofappressedsetae(Figs.26–27)...4 3.Metasomadecidedlyclaviform,blackenedwithapicalbandsofappressedsetae(Figs.28–29)...7

Figs.26–29.Shapesandcolorbandsonofmetasoma.26,P.transversa,arrowindicatingmarginalarea.27,P.mourellan.sp.28,P.crossotos,lengthofT3bandindicated.29, P.andromache,lengthofT3bandindicated.Scalebar:1mm.

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4.Marginaldepressionsoftergalonganddark,depressionsalmostimpunctate,diskpunctuationcoarse(Fig.26)...5 4_._Marginal_depressions_of_terga_short,_depressions_punctate,_disk_punctuation_ﬁne₍_Fig.₂₇_)._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._....₆

5.S4withnarrowdepression,S5withinconspicuousdepression(Fig.30)...P.levigatan.sp. 5_._S4_and_S5_with_broad,_conspicuous_depressions₍_Fig.₃₁₎_._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._._P._transversa

Figs.30–31. MetasomalS4andS5,modiﬁcationsindicatedbyarrows.30.P.levigatan.sp.31.P.transversa.Scalebar:0.5mm.

6.Midandhindfemoraswollen(Fig.32);preoccipitalarearidged(Fig.33);S4andS5withbroadanddeepdepressions...P.jocasta 6_._Mid_and_hind_femora_not_swollen₍_Fig.₃₄_);_preoccipital_area_rounded₍_Fig.₃₅_),_S4_with_narrow_{modiﬁcation,}_S5_with_shallow_depression_._._.._._.._._.._._..._P._mourella_n.sp.

Figs.32–35. Posterolateralviewandvertex.32,P.jocasta,arrow:swollenfemur.33,arrow:preoccipitalarearidged.34,P.mourellan.sp,arrow:notswollenfemur.35, arrow:preoccipitalareanotridged.Scalebar:1mm.

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7.Headandmesosomawithdarkbrown,sometimesmetanotumweeklygreenish...8 7_._Head_and_thorax_metallic_green,_sometimes_dark_spots_on_mesonotum_and_episterna_._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._..₉

8.T2-T4marginalareawithdenselongyellowsetae(Fig.28)...P.crossotos 8_._T2-T4_marginal_area_with_sparse_long_yellow_setae₍_Fig.₂₉₎_._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._._.._P._andromache

9.T1smoothandshining,withpunctuationverysparse(atsidespuncturesseparatedbyover5xtheirdiameters)(Fig.36);propodeumpolishedamongpunctures (Fig.37)...P.mimetica 9.T1ratherdenselypunctate,intervalslessthantwiceapuncturediameter(Fig.38);propodeummicroreticulate(Fig.39)...10

Figs.36–39.Detailofmetasomaandmesosoma.36,P.mimeticaT1,arrow:smoothT1.37,propodeum,arrow:shinningmetapostnotum.38,P.seabraiT1.39,propodeum. Scalebar:0.5mm.

10.Pronotumlateralangleprojectedandwithafewappressedsetae(Fig.40)...P.seabrai 10.Pronotumlateralanglenotprojectedandwithdenseappressedsetae(Fig.41)...P.spiloptera

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Taxonomy

Paroxystoglossalevigata,newspecies

Diagnosis

Paroxystoglossalevigatan.sp.issimilartoP.transversa:

prono-tumwithincompletelamellafromlobetolateralangle,marginal

areasoftergaaredepressedanddarkandmalegonobaselobesare

broadlyexcavated.FemalesofP.levigatan.sp.canbeseparatedfrom

P.transversabythemarginalareanotpunctateandtergawith

con-spicuousrowofsimpleerectsetaebetweendiskandmarginalarea

in;themalescanbedistinguishedbyfourthsternumwithsmall

elevationsandﬁfthsternumwithshallowdepression.

Description

Holotypemale.Measurements,hw:1.78;hl:2.25;clw:1.25;

cll:0.65;scl:0.25;aloc:0.57;itd:1.87;mtw:2.9;total:11.Head,

Labrum basal elevation absent; polished; black. Mandible

sim-ple; microrugose; metallic green on base, black apically; long

setaeonventralmargin.Clypeusepistomalangleobtuse;apical

margin:straight;longitudinaldepressionabsent;punctate,i=2–3

dp; very long (almost scape length), plumose (short branches)

setaeonmargins;metallicgreen.Supraclypealareapronounced;

punctateasclypeus,uppersurfacemicroreticulate;plumose(very

shortbranches) setae. Paroculararea notfoveate; near clypeus

sparsely punctate, remaining surface punctate, becoming

con-ﬂected;plumose(veryshortbranches)setae.Antennae,position

ofantennalsockets:onmiddleofface;F2twiceaslongasF1;F11

unmodiﬁed;black;apex(obliquely)ofF1andF2-11withtrichodea

sensilla. Frons not depressed above antennal sockets; coarsely

punctate; long plumose (short branches) setae.Ocelli, distance

betweenthelateralocellusandtheuppermarginofcompound

eyethree timesgreater than F1length.Eyesrounded notched;

amber;pubescence:inconspicuous.Vertex,furrowabsent;ridge

absent; preoccipitalareacarinate; coarsely punctate;very long

plumose(short branches) setae.Genapunctate; metallicgreen;

long(2ew)plumose setae.Hypostomalarea, hypostomalridge

carinate;anterioranglerounded;polished;long(1.5ew)plumose

setae.Malar space short. Mesosoma,Pronotum, ridgecarinate,

notexpandedtoventralsurface;dorsalsurfaceshort,mostly

cov-eredby mesoscutum;dorsal surface carinate; lateralangle not

projected;puncticulate;metallicgreen;withoutrowofsetae.

Pro-pleura,depressedonanteriormargin;metallicgreen;ﬁnesetae.

Prosternumnotexpanded;metallicgreen;shortappressedsetae.

Foreleg,trochanternotswollen;puncticulateandmicrolineate;

coxa,trochanter,femurandoutertibiametallicgreen,remaining

legyellow,includingfemurapex;longsetae(0.5ew)oncoxaand

ventraltrochanter,femurandtibia.Mesoscutum,anteriorborder:

acuminate;median sulcusweak;parapsidial lines conspicuous;

punctate,microlineate;longplumoseandshortsimplesetae

inter-mixed.Scutellum,structure:mediansulcusimpressed;punctate;

longplumoseandshortsimplesetaeintermixed.Mesepisternum,

sculpturing:conﬂectedpunctateabove,rugoseonscrobalsulcus,

punctate(i=2dp)onlateralandventralsurface,microreticulate;

metallic green; long plumose setae. Mid leg, not expanded,

trochanterwithouthook;coxa,trochanter,femurandoutertibia

metallicgreen,remaininglegyellow,includingfemurapex;long

setae (1 ew) on coxa and ventral trochanter, femur and tibia.

Tegula,oval;puncticulateanteriorly,polishedposteriorly;metallic

greenanteriorly,amberposteriorly.Forewing,venationstrong;

intersection1a.M-cuand basal cell: between2a.rs-m and Rs;

marginalcellapextruncateandappendiculate;submarginalcells:

three;pubescence:blackmicrotrichia.Metanotum,mediansulcus:

notimpressed;puncticulate;longplumoseandshortsimplesetae

intermixed.Metepisternumpunctate,rugosenearwing,

microlin-eate;metallicgreen;pubescenceasmesepisternum.Metasternum

denselycoveredwithlongyellowsetae.Hindleg,basitibialplate

absent;coxatotibiametallicgreen,theapexoffemur,basisand

apexof tibiaandentirelytarsusyellow;longplumosesetaeon

ventralcoxatofemur,ventraltibialsetaenottoolongandwith

short branchesinner spur: serrate, withoutbasal enlargement;

basisof secondtarsomere:notfused.Hindwing,sevenhamuli;

amber;blackmicrotrichia. Metapostnotumweaklyinclined;not

depressed; as long as metanotum; carinate rugose anteriorly,

microrugoseposteriorly;metallicgreen.Propodeum,posterior

sur-facesculpturing:puncticulateandmicroreticulate;lateralsurface

sculpturing punctate and microreticulate; metallic green; long

plumosesetaeonposteriorsurfaceandupperlateralsurface.

Meta-soma,T1notdepressed;punctate,marginalareamicrolineolate;

mostlymetallicgreen, marginalareadarkbrown;longsetaeon

anterior and antero lateralsurface, short ondisk. T2 punctate,

marginalareaweaklylineolate,translucid;mostlymetallicgreen,

marginalareadarkbrown;longsetaeonanteriorandanterolateral

surface,shortondisk.T3punctate,marginalareapolished,

translu-cid;mostlymetallicgreen,marginalareadarkbrown;longsetae

onanteriorandanterolateralsurface,shortondisk.T4sparsely

punctate,marginalareapolished,translucid;mostlymetallicgreen,

marginalareadarkbrown;longsetaeonanteriorandanterolateral

surface, shortondisk.T5sparsely punctate,marginalarea

pol-ished,translucid;mostlymetallicgreen,marginalarealightbrown;

longsetaeonanteriorand anterolateralsurface,shortondisk.

T6coarselypunctate;mostlymetallicgreen;longsetaeon

ante-riorandanterolateralsurface,shortondisk.T7,carina:absent;

notch:absent;proctiger:withoutﬁlamentsandmicrotrichiae.S1,

structure: withouttubercle; sculpturing:lineate;color: brown;

pubescence: very long plumose setae.S2 lineate; brown; long

curvedsetae.S3:marginstraight;lineateanteriorly,microlineate

posteriorly;brown,somemetallicreﬂections;longcurvedsetae.

S4mediallyconcave,withmedianelevations;sculpturing:

micro-lineate;anteriorlyamber,metallicgreenondisk,exceptforblack

elevation;longsetaelaterally.S5:withamediandepressedarea,

weaklyemarginate;microlineate;anteriorlyamber,metallicgreen

ondisk;curvedsetaeondisk,longerandﬁneronlateralsurface.S6

marginstraight;lineate;lightbrown;longyellowsetae.S7,apical

margin:withmedianprocess.S8,apicalmargin:withmedian

pro-cess;spicule:present:fusionwithS7:notatapodemeapex.Genital

capsule(Figs.42 and 43), dorsalsurfaceof gonapophysis

with-outridge;dorsalsurfaceofgonapophysis,process:absent;shape

of gonapophysis: medially broad; outer surface of

gonapophy-sis:indentate;ventralsurfaceofgonapophysis:withbroadprong;

gonobasaldorsallobes:broadlyexcavated;gonocoxite:

unmodi-ﬁed;basalprocessofgonostylus:absent;dorsalprocessof

gonos-tylus:absent; gonostylus: constrictedat basis;parapenial lobe:

present;ventralprocessofgonostylus,shape:globose;ventral

pro-cessofgonostylus,size:notenlarged;ventralsurfaceofgonostylus:

withprojection;innerapicalcornerofvolsella:withouthook;outer

basalcornerofvolsella:rounded;volsellaraxis:parallel.

Paratype female. Measurements, hw:1.9;hl: 2.4;clw: 1.4;

cll: 0.7;scl: 0.4;aloc: 0.7;itd: 1.9; mtw: 3.5; total: 11. Head,

Labrum, basal elevation present; not divided; transversal;

dis-tal process keeled; quadrate; keel: thin ridge;polished; black;

longsetae.Mandibleteethnotwidelyseparated;microrugulose;

black;longsetaeonouterandventralmargins.Clypeus,epistomal

angle obtuse; apical margin straight; not depressed; punctate,

i=2–3dp;plumose(veryshortbranches)setaeonmargins,row

of long erect setae on apex; basally metallic green, dark

api-cally.Supraclypealareapronounced;punctateasclypeus;plumose

(very short branches) setae. Parocular area not foveate;

punc-tate,becomingconﬂected;plumose(veryshortbranches) setae.

Antennae,numberofﬂagellomeres:10;positionofantennal

sock-ets:onmiddle offace;F2aslongasF1;black;F1,F2and most

(11)

not depressed above antennal sockets; coarsely punctate; long

plumose(shortbranches)setae.Ocelli,distancebetweenthe

lat-eralocellusandtheuppermarginofcompoundeye:threetimes

greater than F1 length. Eyes weakly rounded notched; amber;

inconspicuous.Vertex,furrowabsent;ridgeabsent;preoccipital

areaangled; coarsely punctate; long plumose (short branches)

setae.Gena punctate; metallic green; long (2 ew) setae,some

withveryshortbranches.Hypostomalarea,hypostomalridge

car-inate;anterior anglerounded;polished; long(1.5 ew)plumose

setae.Malar spaceshort.Labium, glossaapexpointed;

premen-tumunmodiﬁed,lessthan7×longerthanwide.Maxilla,galeaapex

lobed;galea baseextendingposterad or nearto baseofstipes;

palpinotelongate;sixthpalpomereaslongasﬁfth.Mesosoma,

Pronotum,ridgecarinate, notexpandedtoventralsurface;

dor-salsurfaceshort,mostlycoveredbymesoscutum;carinate;lateral

anglenotprojected;puncticulate;metallicgreen;withoutrowof

setae.Propleura:depressedonanteromargin;metallicgreen;ﬁne

plumosesetae;Prosternum,notexpanded;metallicgreen;short

appressedsetae.Foreleg,trochanterwithouthook;puncticulate

andmicrolineate;coxatofemurmetallicgreen, tibiaandtarsus

brown;longsetaeoncoxaapexandfemuroutersurface.

Mesoscu-tum,anteriorborderacuminate;mediansulcusweak;parapsidial

linesconspicuous;punctate,microlineate;longplumoseandshort

simple setae intermixed. Scutellum median sulcus impressed;

punctate,conﬂectedpunctateonmiddle,nearmesoscutum;long

plumoseandshortsimplesetaeintermixed.Mesepisternum,

con-ﬂectedpunctateabove,rugoseonscrobalsulcus,punctate(i=2dp)

on lateral and ventral surface, microreticulate; metallic green;

longplumosesetae;Midleg,notexpanded;trochanterwithout

hook;coxatofemurmetallicgreen,tibiaandtarsusbrown,tibia

with metallic reﬂections on outer surface;long setae(0.5 ew)

on coxa and ventral trochanter, femur and tibia. Tegula, oval;

puncticulateanteriorly,polishedposteriorly;metallicgreen

ante-riorly,amberposteriorly.Forewing,venationstrong;intersection

1a. M-cu and basal cell: between 2a. rs-m and Rs; marginal

cellapex truncate and appendiculate;submarginal cells:three;

black microtrichia. Metanotum, median sulcus: not impressed;

puncticulate; long plumose and short simple setae intermixed.

Metepisternum,punctate,rugosenearwing,microlineate;

metal-licgreen;asmesepisternum.Metasternumdenselycoveredwith

longyellowsetae.Hindleg,basitibialplate:oval,acuminateapex;

coxatofemurmetallicgreen,tibiaandtarsusbrown;longsetae

oncoxaandtrochanter,femurwithscopa,tibiawithscopa,black

setaeonoutersurface;innerspurserrate,withoutbasal

enlarge-ment;basisofsecondtarsomerenotfused.Hindwing,structure:

sevenhamuli;amber;blackmicrotrichia.Metapostnotum,weakly

inclined;notdepressed;twothirdsscutellum;ruguloseanteriorly,

microrugose posteriorly; metallic green. Propodeum, posterior

surfacesculpturing:puncticulateandmicroreticulate;lateral

sur-facesculpturingirregularlypunctateandmicroreticulate;metallic

(12)

green;longplumosesetaeonposteriorsurfaceandupperlateral

surface. Metasoma, T1,not depressed; punctate, marginal area

lineolate;mostlymetallicgreen,marginalareadarkbrown;long

setae onanterior and antero lateralsurface, short on disk.T2,

punctate,marginalarealineolate;mostlymetallicgreen,marginal

areadarkbrown;longsetaeonanteriorandanterolateralsurface,

shortondisk.T3,punctate,marginalareamostlylineolate;mostly

metallicgreen,marginalareawithbluishstripeanddarkbrown;

longsetaeonanteriorandantero lateralsurface,shortondisk.

T4:puncticulate,marginalareamostlylineolate;mostlymetallic

green,marginalareawithbluishstripeanddarkbrown;longsetae

onanteriorandanterolateralsurface,shortondisk.T5,cleft,with

ﬁmbriae;dark;mostlycoveredwithblacklongsetae,rowofbristles

onapex.S1,withouttubercle;lineate;brown;verylongplumose

setae.S2,lineate;brown;longcurvedsetae.S3,marginstraight;

lineateanteriorly,microlineateposteriorly;brown,somemetallic

reﬂections;longcurvedsetae.S4,marginstraight;lineate;brown,

somemetallicreﬂections;longcurvedsetae.S5,marginstraight;

lineate;brown,somemetallicreﬂections;longcurvedsetae.S6,

marginstraight;lineate;lightbrown;longsetae.

Typematerial

Holotypemale(DZUP)“Brasil,Paraná,Piraquara,\Mananciaisda

Serra,\25◦30S48◦59W13.IX\xi.2002,Melo&Aguiar”.Paratypes,

Paraná:twofemales(DZUP)“Brasil,Paraná,Piraquara,\Mananciais

daSerra,\25◦30S48◦59W\3.xii.2000,G.A.R.Melo”;threefemales

(DZUP)“Brasil,Paraná,Piraquara,\MananciaisdaSerra,\25◦30S

48◦59W\ 4.xii.2000, G.A.R. Melo”; two females (DZUP) “Brasil,

Paraná, Piraquara,\ Mananciais da Serra,\ 1000m, 3.xii.2002\

25.496◦S48.981◦W\J.G.RozenJr.”;threefemales(DZUP)“Brasil,

PR,Piraquara,\MananciaisdaSerra,\25◦29S48◦59W\1050m,

5.xii.2004, Melo& Aguiar”; one female (DZUP) “Brasil, Paraná,

Piraquara,\ Mananciais da Serra,\ 25◦30S 48◦59W\ 27.i.2001,

G.A.R. Melo” “Paroxystoglossa\ transversa\ Moure, 1943”; one

female(DZUP)“Brasil,Paraná,Piraquara,_\MananciaisdaSerra,_\

25◦29S 48◦59W\ 27.i.2001, G.A.R. Melo”; one female (DZUP)

“Brasil, Paraná, Piraquara\ Mananciais da Serra\ 25◦2945.5”S

48◦5858.2”HO\Garcia,E.Q.,coletaativa\12-xi-2002Trilhamata”;

onefemale(DZUP)“Brasil,Paraná,Piraquara\MananciaisdaSerra\

25◦2945.5”S48◦5858.2”HO\Garcia,E.Q.,coletaativa\14-xi-2002

Trilhamata”;onefemale(DZUP)“Brasil,Paraná,Piraquara\

Man-anciaisdaSerra\25◦2945.5”S48◦5858.2”HO\Garcia,E.Q.,coleta

ativa\02-xi-2002”;onefemale(DZUP)“Brasil,Paraná,\Piraquara,\

MananciaisdaSerra\8.ii.2003,Melo”;onefemale(DZUP)“Brasil,

Paraná,\Piraquara,\MananciaisdaSerra\11.xii.2003,Melo,Rozen,

Gonc¸alves”;onefemale(DZUP)“Brasil,Paraná,\Piraquara,\

Man-anciaisdaSerra\S25◦2918◦ W48◦5826”\20.XII.2007\A.C. B.

Bergamaschi”;onefemale(DZUP)“Brasil,Paraná,\Piraquara,22

xi.2005,\R.Gonc¸alvesleg”.

Etymology

Speciﬁc epithet meaning smooth, polished, in reference to

impunctatemetasomalmarginalareas.

Paroxystoglossamourella,newspecies

Diagnosis

P.mourellan.sp.isentirelygreenandhaveorthogonalepistomal

angle.Thisisspeciescanbedistinguishedfromotherspeciesfrom

jocastagroupbythefaintmetalliccolorationinscape,the

elon-gateshapeofheadandtheﬁnepuncturesonterga.ThemaleofP.

mourellan.sp.canbedistinguishedbyshortbodypubescence,the

notswollentibiaandlesserprominenttuberclesonfourthandﬁfth

sterna.

Description

Holotypemale.Measurements,hw:1.5;hl:2.15;clw:0.8;cll:

0.6;scl:0.4;aloc:.45;itd:1.65;mtw:2.4;total:10.Head,Labrum,

basalelevationabsent;polished;black.Mandible,simple;

microru-gose;metallicgreenonbasis,blackapically;pubescence:longsetae

onventralmargin.Clypeus,epistomalangleapproximately

ortho-gonal; apicalmargin straight;not depressed; punctate, i=3dp;

longplumose(shortbranches)setaeonmargins;metallicgreen.

Supraclypealarea,pronounced;punctateasclypeus;longplumose

(shortbranches)setae.Paroculararea,notfoveate;punctate;long

plumosesetae.Antennae,number ofﬂagellomeres:11;position

ofantennalsocketsonmiddleofface;F2twiceaslongasF1;F11

unmodiﬁed;black;apex(obliquely)ofF1andF2-11withtrichodea

sensilla. Frons, not depressed above antennal sockets;coarsely

punctate; long plumose (short branches) setae.Ocelli, distance

betweenthelateralocellusandtheuppermarginofcompound

eye:threetimesgreaterthanF1length.Eyes,roundednotched;

amber;inconspicuouspubescence.Vertex,furrow:absent;ridge:

absent;preoccipitalarearounded;coarselypunctate;longplumose

(shortbranches)setae.Gena,punctate;metallicgreen;long(2ew)

plumosesetae.Hypostomalarea,hypostomalridgecarinate;

ante-rioranglerounded;polished;long(1.5ew)plumosesetae.Malar

spaceshort.Mesosoma,Pronotum,ridgecarinate,notexpandedto

ventralsurface;dorsalsurface:short,mostlycoveredby

mesos-cutum; dorsal surfacenot carinate;lateralangle not projected;

puncticulate;metallicgreen;pubescence:longplumosesetaeon

dorsal surface.Propleura,depressed onanteromargin; metallic

green;ﬁnesetae.Prosternumnotexpanded;metallicgreen;short

appressedsetae.Fore leg,trochanter:notswollen; puncticulate

andmicrolineate;coxa,trochanter,femurandoutertibiametallic

green,remaininglegyellow,includingfemurapex;longsetae(0.5

ew)oncoxaandventraltrochanter,femurandtibia.Mesoscutum,

anterior border broadly rounded; median sulcus weak;

parap-sidial lines conspicuous; punctate, microlineate; long plumose

andshortsimpleyellowsetaeintermixed.Scutellum,median

sul-cusweaklyimpressed;punctate;longplumoseandshortsimple

setaeintermixed.Mesepisternum,conﬂectedpunctate,rugoseon

scrobalsulcus;metallicgreen;longplumosesetae.Midleg,not

expanded,trochanterwithouthook;coxatotibiametallicgreen,

the apex of femur,tibia and entirely tarsusyellow; long setae

(0.5ew)oncoxaandventraltrochanter,femurandtibia.Tegula,

oval; sculpturing: puncticulate anteriorly, polished posteriorly;

metallicgreenanteriorly,amberposteriorly.Forewing,venation

strong;intersection1a.M-cuandbasalcellbetween2a.rs-mand

Rs;marginalcellapextruncateandappendiculate;submarginal

cells:three;blackmicrotrichia. Metanotum, mediansulcus:not

impressed; puncticulate; long plumose and short simple setae

intermixed.Metepisternum,punctateandmicrolineate;metallic

green;pubescenceasmesepisternum.Metasternumdensely

cov-eredwithlongyellowsetae.Hindleg,basitibialplate:absent;coxa

totibiametallicgreen,theapexoffemur,basisandapexoftibia

andentirelytarsusyellow;longplumosesetaeonventralcoxato

femur,ventraltibialsetaenottoolongandwithshortbranches

inner spur serrate,without basal enlargement; basis of second

tarsomere not fused. Hind wing,ﬁve hamuli, one of them

iso-lateonmiddle;amber;blackmicrotrichia.Metapostnotum,weakly

inclined;weaklydepressed;almostasscutellum;carinaterugose

anteriorly,microrugose posteriorly;metallic green. Propodeum,

posterior surface sculpturing:puncticulate and microreticulate;

lateralsurfacesculpturingpunctateandmicroreticulate;metallic

green; long plumose setae onposterior surface and upper

lat-eralsurface.Metasoma,T1,notdepressed;puncticulate;mostly

metallicgreen;longsetaeonanteriorandanterolateralsurface,

shortondisk.T2,puncticulate;mostlymetallicgreen;short

(13)

ventralsurface.T3,puncticulate;mostlymetallicgreen;short

yel-lowsetae,longerandplumoseonlateralsurface,muchlongeron

ventralsurface.T4,puncticulate;mostlymetallicgreen;short

yel-lowsetae,longerandplumoseonlateralsurface,longblacksetae

onposterior surface,much longer yellowsetaeonventral

sur-face.T5,puncticulate;mostlymetallicgreen;shortyellowsetae,

longerandplumoseonlateralsurface,longblacksetaeonposterior

surface,muchlongeryellowsetaeonventralsurface.T6,

punctic-ulate;mostlymetallicgreen;longblacksetaeonposteriorsurface.

T7,carinaabsent;notch:absent;proctigerwithoutﬁlamentsand

microtrichiae.S1,withouttubercle;microlineate;metallicgreen;

verylongplumosesetae.S2,microlineate;palegreen;longsetae.

S3,marginstraight;microlineate;amberanteriorly,palegreen

pos-teriorly;longsetae.S4,mediallyconcave,withmedianelevations;

microlineate;anteriorlyamber,metallicgreenondisk,exceptfor

blackelevation;longsetaelaterally.S5,withamediandepressed

area,weaklyemarginate;microlineate;anteriorlyamber,metallic

greenondisk;longsetae.S6,graduluscontinuous,margincleft;

microlineate;light brown;long plumose setae. S7,apical

mar-gin:withmedianprocess.S8,apicalmargin:withmedianprocess;

spicule:present;fusion withS7:not atapodemeapex. Genital

capsule(Figs.42and43),dorsalsurfaceofgonapophysis,ridge:

withoutridge;dorsal surface ofgonapophysis, process:absent;

shape of gonapophysis: mediallybroad; outersurface of

gona-pophysis:indentate;ventralsurfaceofgonapophysis:withbroad

prong;gonobasaldorsallobes:narrow;gonocoxite:unmodiﬁed;

basalprocessofgonostylus:absent;dorsalprocessofgonostylus:

absent;gonostylus:constrictedatbasis;parapeniallobe:present;

ventralprocessofgonostylus,shape:globose;ventralprocessof

gonostylus,size:notenlarged;ventralsurfaceofgonostylus:with

projection;inner apical cornerof volsella:without hook;outer

basalcornerofvolsella:rounded;volsellaraxis:parallel.

Paratype female. Measurements, hw: 1.5; hl: 5; clw: 0.7;

cll:0.5;scl:0.45;aloc:0.55;itd:1.6;mtw:2.65;total:9.Head,

Labrum, basal elevation present, not divided; shape of basal

elevationtransversal;distalprocesskeeled;shapeofdistalprocess

quadrate;keelthinridge;polished;black;keelpubescence:long

setae.Mandible,teethnotwidelyseparated;mostlypolished,some

microrugulations;amber; longsetaeonouterand ventral

mar-gins.Clypeus,epistomalangle:approximatelyorthogonal;apical

margin:straight;longitudinaldepression:notdepressed;sparsely

andirregularlypunctate,i=1–6dp;longplumose(shortbranches)

setaeonmargins, rowof long erect setaeon apex;apex dark,

mostsurfacemetallicgreen.Supraclypealarea,pronounced;more

densely punctate than clypeus; long plumose (short branches)

setae.Paroculararea,notfoveate;punctate,becomingconﬂected;

longplumose(shortbranches)setae.Antennae,numberof

ﬂag-ellomeres:10;positionofantennalsocketsonmiddleofface;F2

lengthaslongasF1;amber;F1andF2withmicrotrichia,F3-10

alsowithtrichodeasensilla.Frons,notdepressedaboveantennal

sockets;coarselypunctate;longplumose(shortbranches)setae.

Ocelli,distancebetweenthelateralocellusandtheuppermarginof

compoundeye:threetimesgreaterthanF1length.Eyes,rounded

notched;amber;inconspicuouspubescence.Vertex,furrowabsent;

ridgeabsent;preoccipitalarearounded;coarselypunctate;long

plumose(shortbranches)setae.Gena,punctate-lineate;metallic

green;long(1.5ew)plumosesetae.Hypostomalarea,hypostomal

ridge:carinate;anteriorangle:rounded;polished;long(1.5ew)

plumosesetae.Malarspaceshort.Labium, glossaapexpointed;

prementumunmodiﬁed,lessthan7xlongerthanwide.Maxilla,

galeaapexlobed;galeabaseextendingposteradorneartobaseof

stipes;palpinotelongate;sixthpalpomere:aslongasﬁfth.

Meso-soma,Pronotum,ridgecarinate,notexpandedtoventralsurface;

dorsalsurfaceshort,mostlycoveredbyMesoscutum,notcarinate;

lateralanglenotprojected;puncticulate;metallicgreen;without

row of setae. Propleura, depressed onantero margin; metallic

green;ﬁnesetae.Prosternumnotexpanded;metallicgreen;short

appressedsetae.Foreleg,trochanter:withouthook;puncticulate

andmicrolineate;coxatofemurmetallicgreenwithamberspots,

tibiaandtarsusyellow;longsetaeoncoxaapex,femurouter

sur-face.Mesoscutum,anteriorborderbroadlyrounded;mediansulcus

weak;parapsidiallinesconspicuous;punctate,microlineate;long

plumose and shortsimple setaeintermixed.Scutellum, median

sulcus weakly impressed; punctate; long plumose and short

simple setae intermixed. Mesepisternum, conﬂected punctate,

rugoseonscrobalsulcus;metallicgreen;longplumosesetae.Mid

leg,notexpanded,trochanterwithouthook;mostlyyellowexcept

formetallicgreenreﬂections;trochanterwithlongplumosesetae,

femurwithbasal inner patch of yellowand simple setae,tibia

and tarsuswithplumose setaeonoutermargin,someof them

black.Tegula,oval;puncticulateanteriorly,polishedposteriorly;

metallicgreenanteriorly,amberposteriorly.Forewing,venation

strong;intersection1a.M-cuandbasalcell:between2a.rs-mand

Rs;marginal cellapex truncateandappendiculate;submarginal

cells: three;black microtrichia. Metanotum, median sulcus not

impressed; puncticulate; long plumose and short simple setae

intermixed.Metepisternum,punctateandmicrolineate;metallic

green; pubescence as mesepisternum. Metasternum densely

covered withshort whitesetae.Hindleg, basitibialplate: oval;

yellowwithsome metallicgreen reﬂectionson coxa tofemur;

longsetaeoncoxaandtrochanter,femurwithscopa,tibiawith

scopa,black setaeonoutersurface;inner spurserrate,without

basal enlargement; basis of second tarsomere not fused. Hind

wing,ﬁvehamuli,oneofthem isolateonmiddle;amber;black

microtrichia.Metapostnotum,weaklyinclined;weaklydepressed;

almostasscutellum;sculpturing:rugoseanteriorly,microrugose

posteriorly;metallicgreen.Propodeum,posteriorsurface

punctic-ulateandpolished;lateralsurfacepunctateandmicroreticulate;

metallicgreen;longplumosesetaeonposteriorsurfaceandupper

lateralsurface,simplelongsetaeonlowerlateralsurface.

Meta-soma, T1, not depressed; puncticulate; mostly metallic green;

longsetaeonanteriorandantero lateralsurface,shortondisk.

T2,puncticulate;mostlymetallicgreen;shortyellowsetae,longer

andplumoseonlateralsurface,muchlongeronventralsurface.

and plumose on lateral surface, long black setae on posterior

surface, much longeryellow setaeonventral surface. T5,cleft,

withﬁmbriae;dark; mostlycoveredwithblacklong setae,row

ofbristles onapex. S1,withouttubercle;microlineate;metallic

green;pubescence:verylongplumosesetae.S2,microlineate;pale

green;longcurvedsetae.S3,marginstraight;lineateanteriorly,

microlineateposteriorly;amberanteriorly,palegreenposteriorly;

longcurvedsetae.S4,marginstraight;lineateanteriorly,

micro-lineateposteriorly;amberanteriorly,palegreenposteriorly;long

curvedsetae.S5,marginstraight;lineateanteriorly,microlineate

posteriorly;amberanteriorly,palegreenposteriorly;longcurved

setae.S6,marginstraight;microlineate;lightbrown;longsetae.

Variation

ColorvariationontergaisknownamongfemalesfromSerrado

Cipó(MinasGerais).Mostoffemales(about80%)havemostlygreen

discssometimeswithbluishorambershades,especiallyonsecond

andthirdterga.Somefemaleshavesubtletoconspicuous

cupre-ousreﬂections.Nonefemalehaveentirelyredterga.Acontinuous

sizevariationisevidenced(intertegulardistancefrom1.45mmto

1.875mm),butitisnotassociatewiththecolorvariation.

Typematerial

Maleholotype(DZUP),“Brasil,MG,6kmSde\Itamarandiba,

(14)

Melo,\Arm.Malaise”.Paratypes,MinasGerais:onefemale(DZUP),

“Brasil, MinasGerais,\ 25km Sde Santanado\ Riacho, Cardeal

Mota,\ 850m, 10.I.2012,\ 19.322◦S 43.611◦N,\ G. Melo”, three

females (DZUP),“Brasil, Minas Gerais,\ Serra do Cipó, 1200m\

19◦17S 43◦55W,\ 10.ii.2001, G.A.R. Melo,\ entre 6-8h”; one

female(DZUP)“Brasil,MinasGerais\CatasAltas,Serrado\Carac¸a,

1200m,\2.iv.1999,GARMelo”;onefemale(DZUP)“Brasil,Minas

Gerais\15kmdeDelﬁm\Moreira,1500m,\22.i.2004,Mielke&\

Casagrande”. Etymology

ThespeciﬁcepithethonorsPe.JesusSantiagoMoure.

Conﬂictsofinterest

Theauthorsdeclarenoconﬂictsofinterest.

Acknowledgements

The author thanks the invaluable help of thecurators who

granted access toinsectcollections: Carlos Roberto F. Brandão,

EduardoA.B.Almeida,FernandoA.Silveira,GabrielA.R.Meloand

KelliS.Ramos.ThisresearchwasfundedbyCNPqgrantnumber

443069/2014-0.Thissmallcontributionisdedicatedtothememory

ofPe.JesusSantiagoMoure.

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