Much as the study explored the institutionalisation of the TM at MUK and, therefore, offered a glimpse into the institutionalisation of the TM of universities at Ugandan universities, the focus was on a single university; hence, its findings, notwithstanding their relevance, cannot be generalised to other universities. In fact, since HEIs differ—in terms of history, ownership, location, disciplinary focus, mission and so forth—and the TM depends mostly on the type of HEI to which it refers (Schoen et al., 2006), there is a need for more research about the TM at Ugandan universities. In addition, although global research and debates regarding the TM have focused mainly on research universities and the transfer of technology from universities to industries, most universities in developing countries primarily function as training sites for knowledge workers; they are not yet key players in cutting-edge innovation (Wu & Zhou, 2012). Thus, there is a need for more research about the TM—especially its forms and institutionalisation—at teaching-only universities and/or universities with an underdeveloped research function.
Furthermore, although TM-related activities range from institution-wide programmes and projects to isolated and one-off engagement and outreach activities—for example, projects/services that are initiated/provided by individual academics or academic units—
the institutionalisation of the TM requires an institutional environment that is conducive to community engagement and outreach. Accordingly, the importance of institutional leadership to the institutionalisation of the TM—particularly in (1) supporting individual or group initiatives and (2) creating institutions (policies, structures, etc.) to guide and coordinate the TM and TM-related activities—cannot be overemphasised. Unfortunately, few studies—for example, Beere et al. (2011), Brukardt et al. (2006a) and Mohrman (2010)—underscore the importance of institutional leadership; therefore, there is a need for comprehensive research about the role of institutional leadership in the institutionalisation of the TM at universities.
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