GRANULOSA CELLS AFTER MYCOTOXIN EXPOSURE BY WESTERN- BLOTTING ANALYSIS
Introduction
Material and Methods
At this point, the medium was renewed and ovarian granulosa cells were incubated with 10% fetal calf serum (BioWhittaker™) without (control group) and with T-2 toxin/HT-2 toxin at doses of ng/ml) and their combinations with ghrelin at 500 ng/ml. Expression of PCNA, cyclin B1 peptides in ovarian granulosa cells was evaluated using SDS-PAGE as previously described (Laemmli, 1970).
Results and Discussion
In our in vitro study, we observed that PCNA expression was higher after HT-2 toxin and HT-2 plus ghrelin supplementation in porcine ovarian GCs. In an experiment with secalonic acid D (SAD), a teratogenic mycotoxin and Hanumegowda et al. 2002) observed that exposure to SAD caused a significant and dose-dependent decrease in mesenchymal cell number, (3)H-thymidine uptake and PCNA expression.
Conclusion
Analysis of the dose-dependent effects of sterigmatocystin (ST) on PCNA expression showed that positive cells were more abundant in the gastric mucosa of the 1,000 and 100 ppb ST administration groups than those in the untreated control group in Mongolian gerbils. Kusunoki et al., 2011). A dose-dependent increase in the expression of PCNA, indicative of cell proliferation, was observed in the kidney but not in the liver of animals treated with ochratoxin A in the rat (Mally et al determined that application of zearalenone (ZEA) intensified the proliferation of cells, which was expressed by increasing the PCNA index, this was observed in the uterus and ovaries.
Involvement of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27Kip1 in inhibition of endometrial growth in cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27Kip1 in inhibition of endometrial growth in secretory phase and progesterone-treated hyperplastic endometrium. The role of ghrelin and some intracellular mechanisms in the control of the secretory activity of chicken oocytes.
RAM EFFECT '' AS A METHOD OF INCREASING REPRODUCTIVE EFFICIENCY OF SHEEP PRAMENKA IN UNA-SANA CANTON
Estrus reaction after the application of the above mentioned method, during the three annual seasons,
Interval from the end of stimulation to the appearance of first estrus, during the three annual seasons,
The results of the concept, 4. Lambing results
Distribution of the occurrence of estrus according to the "ram effect" method in three different seasons - sample group. Distribution of estrus incidence according to the "ram effect" method in three different seasons - control group.
REGULATORY COMPLIANCE ABOUT THE SANITARY AND QUALITY CONDITIONS OF BULL SEMEN IN WEST BALKAN: ARE WE CLOSER OR
FURTHER AWAY FROM THE EUROPEAN UNION?
COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATIONS ON THE SANITARY AND QUALITY CONDITIONS OF BULL SEMEN IN THE WEST BALKANS: ARE WE CLOSER TO OR. This article will focus on compliance with regulations regarding the hygienic and quality conditions of bull semen in some countries of the Western Balkans.
Diagnostic and health conditions
Regarding infectious diseases, the conditions for import into Bosnia and Herzegovina are that the purebred bulls from which the semen originates are from herds that are free from many infectious agents. That purebred bulls from which semen is taken are constantly clinically examined and not naturally mated for at least 30 days before semen sampling.
Semen quality
These should be purebred bulls whose semen is tested and has negative results for the following diseases: tuberculosis - simultaneously with bovine and avian tuberculin; Trichomonas fetus; IBR/IPV; EBL, brucellosis (with a result of less than 30 IJ in 1 ml of semen). According to the certificate on the import of seed into Bosnia and Herzegovina (Anonymous, 2014a), there are certain conditions for the quality of the seed, the seed must be collected and stored under veterinary-sanitary control and stored in liquid nitrogen.
Provisions of breeding bulls
In addition, there is a Mueller resistance test, which requires a dose to contain at least 10 million sperm after thawing and a minimum of 40% of progressive motile sperm.
Discussion and conclusion
In addition to the health status of bulls, there are many legal restrictions on semen production and trade in the Western Balkan countries in relation to Germany. There may be partially similar regulations on semen quality in Serbia and ADR recommendations (2006).
Acknowledgments
Abstract: Embryo transfer (ET) is a biotechnological process that, in equine species, involves planned artificial insemination (AI) of a donor mare, retrieval of embryos by transvaginal uterine lavage 7 to 9 days after ovulation, and non-surgical embryo transfer to a synchronized recipient mare(s). Embryo transfer (ET) is a biotechnological process that, in equine species, involves planned artificial insemination (AI) of a donor mare, retrieval of embryos by transvaginal uterine lavage 7 to 9 days after ovulation, and non-surgical embryo transfer to one or more synchronized recipient mares. ).
Indications And Applications
The initial resistance to ET by some breed organizations has largely been resolved (with the exception of Thoroughbreds so far, worldwide), and a significant percentage of embryos in the Americas have been transferred (Brazil, 43%; Argentina, 29%; and United States, 18%) according to IETS-International Embryo Transfer Society data. The objective of this review is to update some recent information and field experiences on equine-to-equine embryo transfer programs with particular reference to applied aspects of technique and procedures.
Characteristics of equine embryo transfer programs
In the first step, regulation of the number of registered offspring per donor, per season; for qualified women only; only use of recipients from the same breed, and a number of requirements that usually disappear after pressure from the market and members.
Embryo transfer procedures and techniques
Donor Mare Management
Values labeled a and b are not significantly (P < .001) different from each other, but are significantly different from values labeled c. Values labeled d and e are not significantly (P < .001) different from each other, but are significantly different from values labeled f.
Recipient’s selection and management
Practical observations and published reports (Carnevale, 2005) show in some mares an increased incidence of bacterial endometritis and chronic endometrial inflammation, which in some cases starts a vicious cycle of non-specific antibiotic therapy at each cycle and consequently increments of mycotic endometritis. Often using mares of the same breed, less valuable genetic (and in some pure horse breeds.
Breeding soundness examination: In our programs every recipient candidate must be biopsied, joined the rectal palpation, ultrasound, forming and integrity of external genital
Synchronicity: No significant differences in pregnancy rate were reported when recipient mares ovulated between days -1 and +5 relative to donor ovulation and.
Synchronicity: No significant differences were reported in terms of pregnancy rates when recipient mares ovulated between days -1 to +5 days relative to donor’s ovulation and
Post transfer management: We try to make pregnancy checks on fixed dates to transferred groups to avoid unnecessary movements and, if possible, with portable
Artificial Insemination
Uterine flushing-embryo recovery procedures
Embryo Management
At the clean work area, the filter residue volume is slowly poured into a sterile petri dish; the filter walls and hood are also washed with fabric softener.
Transfer Technique
Expected results
Progesterone concentration values ≥5ng/ml in the above period ensured a very high probability of conception (80%). The key factor in the excretion of P4 is the intensity of metabolism in the liver, i.e. the concentration of P4 directly depends on the blood flow through the liver (Wiltbank et al., 2006).
Objective of the research
In the Reproduction Laboratory of the Veterinary Research Institute "Novi Sad", progesterone test results were used to determine the quality of estrus, the right time of insemination and ovarian hypofunction (Barna, 2010; Barna et al., 2013). Total annual fertility of cows in first lactation and cows with ≥2 lactations.
Material and methods
Results and discussion
These values are higher compared to last year's results of the first insemination for all cows (27%). In our study, 65.52% of the cows in the period from 60-80 days of lactation had values lower than 5 ng/ml at diestrus before the first insemination (hypofunction of the corpus luteus).
Conclusions
Progesterone is essential for sustainability of pregnancy and luteal deficiency is considered one of the causes of infertility (Parkinson, 2001). Lamming and Darwash (1998) determined normal cycles in 75.41% of animals, while according to Shrestha et al. 2004) only 37% of the cows had a normal and timely established cycling while in 63% of the cows cycling was delayed.
Hommeida A., Nakao T., Kubota H., 200 Luteal function and conception in lactating cows and some factors influencing luteal function after first insemination
Resumption of postpartum ovarian cyclicity in high-yielding Holstein cows, Theriogenology, 61, postpartum ovarian cyclicity in high-yielding Holstein cows, Theriogenology. Relationship between ovarian activity and energy status during the early postpartum period of high-yielding activity and energy status during the early postpartum period of high-yielding dairy cows, J Dairy Sci.
SOWS
UDC: 636.082.4:637.1 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CALVING EASE AND TYPE TRAITS IN
PRIMIPAROUS HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN COWS
At the next farrowing, we monitored the number of live births, deaths and the total number of piglets. A positive effect of the herbal extract on the reproductive functions of the boars was found in the experimental group, where 47.1% of the boars improved.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LONG-TERM EXTENDERS DURING THE INCUBATION PERIOD PRIOR TO CRYOPRESERVATION ON QUALITY OF
FROZEN-THAWED BOAR SEMEN
In this study we compared the effect of two freezing media MF1 (INRA FREEZE, IMV France) and MF2 (UHT skimmed milk with INRA96 (IMV, France) supplemented with egg yolk on sperm quality after thawing. However, there are no differences between the two freezing media on the %PROG: (p=0.061) and viability (p>0.05) of sperm cells.
EFFECT OF HEAT STRESS ON OOCYTE QUALITY AND EMBRYO DEVELOPMENTAL COMPETENCE IN BUFFALO
UDC: 636.082.4 IN VITRO FERTILIZATION OF WATER BUFFALO
ICSI AS METHOD TO OVERCOME SEASON EFFECT ON SWINE GAMETES’
BREED DIFFERENCES IN QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF BULL FROZEN- THAWED SEMEN
In the case of Slovenian Brown Swiss it is reasonable to select on both caseins simultaneously. Sheep production is mainly present in the Sumadija and Western Serbia region where 60% of the total number of sheep in the entire republic become bread.
CHARACTERISTICS OF EMBRYONIC AND POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE SKELETAL MUSCLES OF BROILERS CAUSED BY
Changes of incubation temperature lead to changes in myoblast activity and proliferation, which affect the development of skeletal muscle tissue in chickens (Ušćebrka et al., 2011). During the chicken embryonic development satellite cells can be visible between 13th and 16th day of incubation, in the later stages of embryogenesis these cells proliferate and reach their maximum number on 2nd and 3rd day after hatching (Nagata et al a) reported a relationship between changes in incubation factors and development of satellite cells leading to prolonged activity of these cells, greater postnatal development of skeletal muscles and better production performances of broilers.
Modified incubation factors and their effects on skeletal muscle development In previous studies it was shown that among incubation factors, temperature and light
Changing incubation factors also affects the development and activity of satellite cells. From these cells originate precursor muscle cells, which are responsible for skeletal muscle development in the postnatal period (Schultz and McCormik, 1994).
Morphometric parameters of skeletal muscle cell development
Temperature manipulations during incubation
While the myoblast proliferates in the treated groups, the muscle cells of the control group increase in size, leading to a larger diameter of the muscle cells of the control group on day 7 after hatching. The larger diameter of the muscle cells of the treated groups compared to the control group on the 21st and 42nd days of postnatal development showed that the applied treatments affect the accelerated growth of the muscle cells of the treated groups after the end of myoblast proliferation.
Age (days) Breast muscle cells diameter
A systematic measurement of T°C and RH% has been carried out in facilities for cattle sheds, in the period from March to December 2014. This is because these two parameters are involved in the formation of the so-called "temperature-humidity". index".
EFFECT OF PRESTORAGE INCUBATION OF SETTING EGGS ON SUBSEQUENT PERFORMANCE OF BROILERS
NEW METHODS FOR THE VALIDATION OF SCORING RESULTS IN THE CLASSIFICATION PROCEDURE OF EQUINE CONFORMATION
Regarding the influence of factors on longevity traits, our research shows that all studied factors showed high statistical significance on these traits, except in the case of the influence of the farm on the length of productive life, where a statistically significant effect was observed. The studied factors showed a high statistical significance of the studied longevity traits, except in the case of the influence of the farm on the length of productive life, where a statistically significant effect was observed.
TREATMENT WITH eCG 24 HOURS AFTER WEANING IMPROVE SOWS FERILITY WITHIN WARM SEASON
After weaning, until successful insemination, sows were kept in group pens with openings. Estrus detection was performed in the presence of a boar stimulus (pen contact) once a day.
Delayed estrus interval and embryonic or fetal mortality are the most common reproductive disorders within the warm season of the year (Almond and Bilkei, 2005; Franek and Bilkei, 2008; Stančić et al., 2015). Elevated summer ambient temperature during lactation suppressed the development of ovarian follicles (Lucy et al. 2001) and, therefore, increased the weaning-to-estrus interval (Soede et al. 1998).
Treatment of sows with placental gonadotropin eCG, 24 hours after weaning, within warm season of the year, results in the similar farrowing rate (79%) and live born piglets per litter
Farrowing rate and litter size were significant lower in the first parity sows, compared with the older sows, both in the eCG treated and control sows
These results demonstrate that postweaning gonadotropins treatment can contribute to the reduction of the negative influence of warm season on sow fertility in the intensive pig
Swine News, North Carolina State University, 23, 3, 1-4
Furthermore, the lowest (except MPEM) embryonic mortality was in the dark brown eggshell group. As in the results of this study, Kozuszek et al. 2009) reported that HR and HFE were higher in dark brown eggs than in light brown and green eggs.
Production characteristics (milk, fat and protein yield, fat and protein content) are yield characteristics in dairy cattle breeding; Milk yield is one of the most economically important characteristics in the dairy industry (e.g. Hu et al., 2010). Age at calving also had no significant effect on fat content. 2013), also reported that farm had a highly significant effect on all observed traits for Holstein-Friesian, such as calving year, while season did not only have an effect on milk fat content. Petrovic et al. 2009) also investigated the effect of systematic factors on milk yield and found that breeding area (region) and calving season had a statistically highly significant effect on milk characteristics.
After PCR amplification, enzyme digestion with restriction endonuclease RsaI and agarose gel electrophoresis identified two alleles/genes of β-LG (A and B) for all three breeds with three genotypes in Sora and Zetska zuja breeds (AA, AB and BB) , while only two β-lactoglobulin genotypes (AB and BB) have been identified for the Pivska pramenka breed. Genotype and allele frequencies and the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium test for the β-LG locus in three breeds of Montenegrin sheep.
Genetic evaluation of the Lacaune, Manech and Sarda dairy sheep with animal model. the Lacaune, Manech and Sarda dairy sheep with animal model. Experimental groups of sows. The first group (n=40 sows) were fed with diets supplemented with probiotics within pregnancy (G+P group), the second group (n=40 sows) were fed with diets.
C) Gestation
The effect of oral treatment with probiotics on the health status and productivity of sows and pigs under conditions of intensive production. Meteorological conditions, in the three years tested, had a major impact on yield and quality.
Average monthly temperatures (°C) 2009-
In the experiment carried out in the period in the vicinity of Bijelo Polje (Montenegro) on the alluvial soil type, five cultivars of winter triticale were tested (Odisej, Kg-20, Trijumf, Rtanj and Tango). The amount of precipitation in the period April to June in the first research year was also higher than in the other two research years.
Results and discussions